Question 1

According to Piaget,which of the following does "egocentric" mean?​

Accepted Answer

A) Being selfish 
B) ​Passing through various stages until reaching the stage of identity achievement 
C) ​Making rational decisions based on long-term costs and benefits 
D) ​Failing to understand someone else's perspective or viewpoint 
A) Being selfish 
B) ​Passing through various stages until reaching the stage of identity achievement 
C) ​Making rational decisions based on long-term costs and benefits 
D) ​Failing to understand someone else's perspective or viewpoint

Question 2

What does the term cohort mean?​

Accepted Answer

A) A group of people who are close to average in most regards 
B) ​A representative sample of the total population 
C) ​The people who refused to volunteer for an experiment 
D) ​The people who were born during a particular time 
A) A group of people who are close to average in most regards 
B) ​A representative sample of the total population 
C) ​The people who refused to volunteer for an experiment 
D) ​The people who were born during a particular time

Question 3

​What do most 3-year-olds understand,that most 2½-year-olds do not?

Accepted Answer

A) How a small-scale room could represent a larger room 
B) ​How to reach around a barrier to retrieve a hidden toy 
C) ​That a row of coins has the same number after it is spread out 
D) ​That the amount of water remains the same after being poured into a different container 
A) How a small-scale room could represent a larger room 
B) ​How to reach around a barrier to retrieve a hidden toy 
C) ​That a row of coins has the same number after it is spread out 
D) ​That the amount of water remains the same after being poured into a different container

Question 4

​Which of these did Piaget say about stages of intellectual development?

Accepted Answer

A) Some children skip over one of the intermediate stages. 
B) ​Everyone goes through the same stages in the same order. 
C) ​The stages of development vary sharply from one culture to another. 
D) ​People generally take a step backward at adolescence before making further progress. 
A) Some children skip over one of the intermediate stages. 
B) ​Everyone goes through the same stages in the same order. 
C) ​The stages of development vary sharply from one culture to another. 
D) ​People generally take a step backward at adolescence before making further progress.

Question 5

To do research on the psychological effects of birth order,what should a researcher do?​

Accepted Answer

A) Limit the study to people who attended public schools. 
B) ​Limit the study to people whose parents are happily married. 
C) ​Limit the study to people from families with at least two children. 
D) ​Limit the study to people who are known to be similar to one another in personality. 
A) Limit the study to people who attended public schools. 
B) ​Limit the study to people whose parents are happily married. 
C) ​Limit the study to people from families with at least two children. 
D) ​Limit the study to people who are known to be similar to one another in personality.

Question 6

Which of the following studies would be impossible to answer by a cross-sectional study?​

Accepted Answer

A) How many 6-year-olds and 12-year-olds have friends of the opposite sex?​ 
B) ​How do 6-year-olds and 12-year-olds react when a friend becomes abusive? 
C) ​Do 12-year-olds generally have more friends, or fewer, than 6-year-olds? 
D) ​Do children with many friends at age 6 also have many friends at age 12? 
A) How many 6-year-olds and 12-year-olds have friends of the opposite sex?​ 
B) ​How do 6-year-olds and 12-year-olds react when a friend becomes abusive? 
C) ​Do 12-year-olds generally have more friends, or fewer, than 6-year-olds? 
D) ​Do children with many friends at age 6 also have many friends at age 12?

Question 7

If you want a larger than average drink,how should you ask for it?​

Accepted Answer

A) Ask for the drink in a tall, thin glass. 
B) ​Ask for the drink in a short, wide glass. 
C) ​Ask for the drink in a wooden mug. 
D) ​Ask for the drink in a porcelain mug. 
A) Ask for the drink in a tall, thin glass. 
B) ​Ask for the drink in a short, wide glass. 
C) ​Ask for the drink in a wooden mug. 
D) ​Ask for the drink in a porcelain mug.

Question 8

What evidence (if any)indicates that infants less than 3 days old can recognize their mother's voice?​

Accepted Answer

A) They attempt to imitate their mother's voice, but not that of any other woman. 
B) ​They suck more vigorously to turn on a recording of their mother's voice. 
C) ​They habituate more rapidly to hearing their mother's voice than that of another woman. 
D) ​No evidence indicates that infants can recognize their mother's voice. 
A) They attempt to imitate their mother's voice, but not that of any other woman. 
B) ​They suck more vigorously to turn on a recording of their mother's voice. 
C) ​They habituate more rapidly to hearing their mother's voice than that of another woman. 
D) ​No evidence indicates that infants can recognize their mother's voice.

Question 9

If you were conducting a cross-sectional study of development,what would you do?​

Accepted Answer

A) Compare people to monkeys and chimpanzees. 
B) ​Compare people from several cultures. 
C) ​Compare a group at one time to the same group at a later time. 
D) ​Compare people of different ages at the same time. 
A) Compare people to monkeys and chimpanzees. 
B) ​Compare people from several cultures. 
C) ​Compare a group at one time to the same group at a later time. 
D) ​Compare people of different ages at the same time.

Question 10

Some researchers want to compare 60-year-olds to 80-year-olds,but they worry about finding similar groups of people.Which design would be best for minimizing that problem?​

Accepted Answer

A) Cross-sectional 
B) ​Longitudinal 
C) ​Single-blind 
D) ​Double-blind 
A) Cross-sectional 
B) ​Longitudinal 
C) ​Single-blind 
D) ​Double-blind

Question 11

​What is meant by "identity moratorium"?

Accepted Answer

A) Postponing all thought about "who am I?" 
B) ​Thinking about "who am I?" without yet making a decision 
C) ​Accepting a parent's desires about your career and marriage, without much thought 
D) ​Carefully considering "who am I?" and then making a decision 
A) Postponing all thought about "who am I?" 
B) ​Thinking about "who am I?" without yet making a decision 
C) ​Accepting a parent's desires about your career and marriage, without much thought 
D) ​Carefully considering "who am I?" and then making a decision

Question 12

What evidence,if any,shows that newborn infants hear a difference between "ba" and "pa"?​

Accepted Answer

A) Infants often copy these sounds. 
B) ​After habituating to "ba," an infant sucks harder after hearing "pa." 
C) ​Infants smile when they hear "ba" but frown when they hear "pa." 
D) ​No evidence supports this conclusion. 
A) Infants often copy these sounds. 
B) ​After habituating to "ba," an infant sucks harder after hearing "pa." 
C) ​Infants smile when they hear "ba" but frown when they hear "pa." 
D) ​No evidence supports this conclusion.

Question 13

How old are people who are in Erikson's age of basic trust versus mistrust?​

Accepted Answer

A) Infants 
B) ​Elementary-school age children 
C) ​Teenagers 
D) ​Retired people 
A) Infants 
B) ​Elementary-school age children 
C) ​Teenagers 
D) ​Retired people

Question 14

A 6-month-old watches a toy car go behind a curtain and through where a block should have stopped it.What happens,and what do psychologists infer?​

Accepted Answer

A) The child stares longer than usual. The impossible result surprised the child. 
B) ​The child looks toward the mother. The child has lost interest in the toy car. 
C) ​The child reaches toward the toy car. The child lacks the concept of conservation. 
D) ​The child shows no reaction. The child lacks the concept of object permanence. 
A) The child stares longer than usual. The impossible result surprised the child. 
B) ​The child looks toward the mother. The child has lost interest in the toy car. 
C) ​The child reaches toward the toy car. The child lacks the concept of conservation. 
D) ​The child shows no reaction. The child lacks the concept of object permanence.

Question 15

​If someone sees whether a child removes a cover to retrieve a toy,what is the investigator testing?

Accepted Answer

A) Object permanence 
B) ​Conservation of volume 
C) ​Conservation of number 
D) ​Theory of mind 
A) Object permanence 
B) ​Conservation of volume 
C) ​Conservation of number 
D) ​Theory of mind

Question 16

​Maxi saw chocolate in the blue cupboard.While he was absent,his mother moved it to the green cupboard.What does it mean if a child thinks Maxi will return and look in the blue cupboard?

Accepted Answer

A) The child understands object permanence. 
B) ​The child does not understand object permanence. 
C) ​The child has "theory of mind." 
D) ​The child does not have "theory of mind." 
A) The child understands object permanence. 
B) ​The child does not understand object permanence. 
C) ​The child has "theory of mind." 
D) ​The child does not have "theory of mind."

Question 17

​An infant watches a toy car go behind a screen presumably hiding a block.When the car quickly emerges on the other side,the child stares.This result implies that infants have which concept?

Accepted Answer

A) Conservation of volume 
B) ​Conservation of number 
C) ​Object permanence 
D) ​Concrete operations 
A) Conservation of volume 
B) ​Conservation of number 
C) ​Object permanence 
D) ​Concrete operations

Question 18

According to Piaget,which of these is an egocentric thought?​

Accepted Answer

A) "If I know something, then other people know it too." 
B) ​"I want the biggest piece of the birthday cake." 
C) ​"I am the smartest child in my class." 
D) ​"I expect to be more successful than other people." 
A) "If I know something, then other people know it too." 
B) ​"I want the biggest piece of the birthday cake." 
C) ​"I am the smartest child in my class." 
D) ​"I expect to be more successful than other people."

Question 19

​Why is it sometimes difficult to compare children's attachment in a variety of cultures?

Accepted Answer

A) Infants mature at a much faster rate in some cultures than in others. 
B) ​The ethical standards for informed consent are much stricter in many other cultures. 
C) ​Western observers sometimes misinterpret children's behavior in other cultures. 
D) ​Children in many cultures are taught never to frown or smile. 
A) Infants mature at a much faster rate in some cultures than in others. 
B) ​The ethical standards for informed consent are much stricter in many other cultures. 
C) ​Western observers sometimes misinterpret children's behavior in other cultures. 
D) ​Children in many cultures are taught never to frown or smile.

Question 20

​According to Vygotsky,what is "the zone of proximal development"?

Accepted Answer

A) The difference between what the child can do and what the child hopes to do. 
B) ​The difference between the words a child uses and the words the child understands. 
C) ​The difference between what a child knows and what the parents know. 
D) ​The difference between what a child does alone and what the child does with help. 
A) The difference between what the child can do and what the child hopes to do. 
B) ​The difference between the words a child uses and the words the child understands. 
C) ​The difference between what a child knows and what the parents know. 
D) ​The difference between what a child does alone and what the child does with help.

Exam 5: Development

According to Piaget,which of the following does "egocentric" mean?​

What does the term cohort mean?​

​What do most 3-year-olds understand,that most 2½-year-olds do not?

​Which of these did Piaget say about stages of intellectual development?

To do research on the psychological effects of birth order,what should a researcher do?​

Which of the following studies would be impossible to answer by a cross-sectional study?​

If you want a larger than average drink,how should you ask for it?​

What evidence (if any)indicates that infants less than 3 days old can recognize their mother's voice?​

If you were conducting a cross-sectional study of development,what would you do?​

Some researchers want to compare 60-year-olds to 80-year-olds,but they worry about finding similar groups of people.Which design would be best for minimizing that problem?​

​What is meant by "identity moratorium"?

What evidence,if any,shows that newborn infants hear a difference between "ba" and "pa"?​

How old are people who are in Erikson's age of basic trust versus mistrust?​

A 6-month-old watches a toy car go behind a curtain and through where a block should have stopped it.What happens,and what do psychologists infer?​

​If someone sees whether a child removes a cover to retrieve a toy,what is the investigator testing?

​Maxi saw chocolate in the blue cupboard.While he was absent,his mother moved it to the green cupboard.What does it mean if a child thinks Maxi will return and look in the blue cupboard?

​An infant watches a toy car go behind a screen presumably hiding a block.When the car quickly emerges on the other side,the child stares.This result implies that infants have which concept?

According to Piaget,which of these is an egocentric thought?​

​Why is it sometimes difficult to compare children's attachment in a variety of cultures?

​According to Vygotsky,what is "the zone of proximal development"?

What Is Psychology

Scientific Methods in Psychology

A: Scientific Methods in Psychology

Biological Psychology

A: Biological Psychology

Sensation and Perception

A: Sensation and Perception

A: Development

Learning

A: Learning

Memory

A: Memory

Cognition and Language

A: Cognition and Language

Intelligenceintelligence

A: Intelligence Intelligence

Consciousnessconsciousness

A: Consciousnessconsciousness

Motivated Behaviorsmotivated Behaviors

A: Motivated Behaviorsmotivated Behaviors

Part 1 Emotions,stress,and Healthemotions,stress,and Health

A: Emotional,stress,and Healthemotional,stress,and Health

Social Psychologysocial Psychology

A: Social Psychologysocial Psychology

Personalitypersonality

A: Personalitypersonality

Part 1 Abnormal Psychology: Disorders and Treatmentabnormal Psychology: Disorders and Treatment

A: Abnormal Psychology: Disorders and Treatmentabnormal Psychology: Disorders and Treatment

Filters

According to Piaget,which of the following does "egocentric" mean?

What does the term cohort mean?

What do most 3-year-olds understand,that most 2½-year-olds do not?

Which of these did Piaget say about stages of intellectual development?

To do research on the psychological effects of birth order,what should a researcher do?

Which of the following studies would be impossible to answer by a cross-sectional study?

If you want a larger than average drink,how should you ask for it?

What evidence (if any)indicates that infants less than 3 days old can recognize their mother's voice?

If you were conducting a cross-sectional study of development,what would you do?

Some researchers want to compare 60-year-olds to 80-year-olds,but they worry about finding similar groups of people.Which design would be best for minimizing that problem?

What is meant by "identity moratorium"?

What evidence,if any,shows that newborn infants hear a difference between "ba" and "pa"?

How old are people who are in Erikson's age of basic trust versus mistrust?

A 6-month-old watches a toy car go behind a curtain and through where a block should have stopped it.What happens,and what do psychologists infer?

If someone sees whether a child removes a cover to retrieve a toy,what is the investigator testing?

Maxi saw chocolate in the blue cupboard.While he was absent,his mother moved it to the green cupboard.What does it mean if a child thinks Maxi will return and look in the blue cupboard?

An infant watches a toy car go behind a screen presumably hiding a block.When the car quickly emerges on the other side,the child stares.This result implies that infants have which concept?

According to Piaget,which of these is an egocentric thought?

Why is it sometimes difficult to compare children's attachment in a variety of cultures?

According to Vygotsky,what is "the zone of proximal development"?