Exam 10: Mechanisms of Infectious Disease

A 23-year-old man has received a recent diagnosis of appendicitis following 24 hours of acute abdominal pain. The nurse providing care for the man is explaining that while unpleasant, the inflammation of his appendix is playing a role in his body's fight against the underlying infectious process. Which of the following teaching points should the nurse eliminate from his teaching to the patient?

Which of the following processes would most likely be considered an anomaly during the cellular phase of inflammation?

Which of the following phenomena best accounts for the increased presence of leukocytes at the site of inflammation?

A nurse is changing the wound dressing on the coccyx-region pressure ulcer of an immobilized patient. The existing dressing is saturated with both watery, clear discharge and foul, gray-colored liquid. Which of the following entries in the patient's chart best captures this?

A patient presented to the emergency department of the hospital with a swollen, reddened, painful leg wound and has been diagnosed with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) cellulitis. The patient's physician has ordered a complete blood count and white cell differential.Which of the following blood components would the physician most likely anticipate to be elevated?

In the ICU, a patient has been diagnosed with sepsis due to a bacterial invasion. The human body usually responds to infections by developing an uncontrolled inflammatory response with large production and release of inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1 and TNF-a. The nurse will note which of the following clinical manifestations in this septic patient as a result of the activation of these cytokines? Select all that apply.

A 16-year-old girl has broken her arm while snowboarding. When she arrives at hospital, she is shocked at the amount of swelling at the injury site. Which of the following statements best explains the physiological rationale for her swelling?

Tumor necrosis factor-a and IL-1 are major cytokines that mediate inflammation. If the patient is developing a systemic response to an infection, the nurse will likely assess which of the following clinical manifestations? Select all that apply.

A 63-year-old woman has begun a diet that purports to minimize the quantity and effects of free radicals in her body. What physiological processes could best underlie her care provider's teaching about her new diet?

Which of the following patients is most likely to have impairments to the wound-healing process? A patient with

A 24-year-old woman presents with fever and painful, swollen cervical lymph nodes. Her blood work indicates neutrophilia with a shift to the left. She most likely has

When educating a patient with a wound that is not healing, the nurse should stress which of the following dietary modifications to ward off some of the negative manifestations that can occur with inflammation?

A patient who is recovering from burn injuries is discussing his prognosis with a physician. Which of the following teaching points about expectations for healing should the physician include?

When explaining the final stages of the inflammatory response to pathogens, the nurse will educate the patient about

A hospital patient has a large, superficial wound on her elbow that was the result of shearing action when she was moved up in her bed. The patient's husband mentions that the wound looks infected and irritated because the wound bed is completely red. Which of the following responses would be inappropriate?

Which of the following aspects of a patient's site of inflammation would help the care provider rule out chronic inflammation?

A 79-year-old female resident of an assisted living facility receives care from a community nurse on a regular basis for treatment of a chronic venous leg ulcer. Which of the following factors would the nurse be most justified in ruling out as a contributing factor to the client's impaired wound healing?

A deficiency in which of the following would result in an inhibition of the inflammatory response?

Of the following list of patients, who would likely benefit the most from hyperbaric oxygen therapy?

Which of the following patients would have a very poor response related to tissue regeneration of his or her injured area?