Exam 40: Mechanisms of Endocrine Control

Which of the following data would a clinician consider as most indicative of acute renal failure?

The clinical nurse educator on a nephrology unit of a large, urban hospital is orientating recent nursing graduates to the unit. Which of the following teaching points about acute tubular necrosis (ATN) should the educator include in the orientation session?

Which of the following phenomena contributes to the difficulties with absorption, distribution, and elimination of drugs that are associated with kidney disease?

Which of the following patients scheduled for an interventional radiology procedure requiring administration of radiocontrast dye would be considered at high risk for nephrotoxicity? Select all that apply.

A hospital client with a diagnosis of chronic renal failure has orders for measurement of her serum electrolyte levels three times per week. Which of the following statements best captures the relationship between renal failure and sodium regulation?

A nurse educator is performing client education with a 51-year-old man who has been recently diagnosed with chronic kidney disease. Which of the following statements by the client would the nurse most likely want to correct or clarify?

A family physician is providing care for a 61-year-old obese male who has a history of diabetes and hypertension. Blood work has indicated that the man has a GFR of 51 mL/minute with elevated serum creatinine levels. Which of the following statements will the physician most likely provide the client in light of these results?

Which of the following clinical findings among older adults is most unlikely to warrant further investigation and possible treatment?

The nurse assessing a renal failure patient for encephalopathy caused by high uremic levels may observe which of the following clinical manifestations?

A 35-year-old female ultramarathon runner is admitted to the hospital following a day-long, 50-mile race because her urinary volume is drastically decreased and her urine is dark red. Tests indicate that she is in the initiating phase of acute tubular necrosis. Why is her urine red?

Which of the following clinical manifestations would lead the nurse to suspect the renal failure patient is developing uremia? Select all that apply.

Following the diagnosis of acute renal failure, the nurse knows that one of the earliest manifestations of residual tubular damage is which of the following lab/diagnostic results?

Which of the following medications would the nurse anticipate being prescribed for the renal failure patient who has hyperphosphatemia?

To maintain hematocrit levels in people with kidney failure, the nurse should be prepared to

Which of the following clients would be considered to have a significant risk of developing the prerenal form of acute renal failure? Select all that apply.

A 42-year-old male has been diagnosed with renal failure secondary to diabetes mellitus and is scheduled to begin dialysis soon. Which of the following statements by the client reflects an accurate understanding of the process of hemodialysis?

A 1-year-old baby boy with renal dysplasia risks end-stage renal disease unless intervention occurs. Which of the following treatment options is his care team most likely to reject?

Which of the following clients' diagnostic blood work is most suggestive of chronic kidney disease (CKD)?

A nurse is collecting a urine specimen prior to measuring the albumin level in a client's urine. A colleague questions the rationale for the test, stating, "I thought albumin was related to liver function, not kidney function." How can the nurse best respond to this statement?

Following kidney transplantation, the patient is prescribed maintenance immunosuppressive therapy consisting of prednisone, azathioprine, and cyclosporine. Educating the patient about long-term maintenance on immunosuppressive therapy should include discussion of side effects that may include: (Select all that apply).