Question 1

Prostaglandins

Accepted Answer

A) shut down capillaries near a wound. 
B) produce histamines. 
C) act as antigens to attract lymphocytes. 
D) stimulate fever in response to wounding. 
A) shut down capillaries near a wound. 
B) produce histamines. 
C) act as antigens to attract lymphocytes. 
D) stimulate fever in response to wounding.

Question 2

Which of the following would explain why doctors are very careful to match certain DNA sequences in an organ donor to those of an organ recipient in the case of a necessary organ transplant?

Accepted Answer

A) The DNA of a person determines the specific antibody a person makes. In the case of an organ transplant, doctors want to ensure the antibody made in the new organ will not react with the antibody made by the recipient. 
B) The structures on the surface of cells are determined by DNA, and if the surfaces of the cells of the donor and the recipient are different, the recipient's immune system may attack the new organ. 
C) Different DNA sequences may cause the donor and the recipient to produce different strains of interferon, which would result in an autoimmune disease. 
D) Antibodies can travel through cells to the nucleus and will attack DNA that does not have the self sequence. This can cause organ rejection. 
A) The DNA of a person determines the specific antibody a person makes. In the case of an organ transplant, doctors want to ensure the antibody made in the new organ will not react with the antibody made by the recipient. 
B) The structures on the surface of cells are determined by DNA, and if the surfaces of the cells of the donor and the recipient are different, the recipient's immune system may attack the new organ. 
C) Different DNA sequences may cause the donor and the recipient to produce different strains of interferon, which would result in an autoimmune disease. 
D) Antibodies can travel through cells to the nucleus and will attack DNA that does not have the self sequence. This can cause organ rejection.

Question 3

Interferons are thought to "interfere" with viral infection because they

Accepted Answer

A) prevent virus particles from entering neighboring, uninfected cells. 
B) create holes in the plasma membranes of infected cells. 
C) attach to the DNA of viruses, preventing their replication. 
D) prevent the function of natural killer cells, making it more difficult for the immune system to fight off an infection. 
A) prevent virus particles from entering neighboring, uninfected cells. 
B) create holes in the plasma membranes of infected cells. 
C) attach to the DNA of viruses, preventing their replication. 
D) prevent the function of natural killer cells, making it more difficult for the immune system to fight off an infection.

Question 4

A lymphocyte is activated when unique ____________________-binding proteins on its surface recognize specific molecules found on the surface of a specific pathogen.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A lymphocyte is activated when unique ____________________-binding...

Question 5

Which of the following areas of the human body is not the location of a major concentration of white blood cells?

Accepted Answer

A) tonsils 
B) appendix 
C) kidneys 
D) spleen 
A) tonsils 
B) appendix 
C) kidneys 
D) spleen

Question 6

Different genetic versions of a particular pathogen are known as different

Accepted Answer

A) species. 
B) strains. 
C) antibodies. 
D) disease hosts. 
A) species. 
B) strains. 
C) antibodies. 
D) disease hosts.

Question 7

Which of the following statements about fighting invasions of disease-causing agents in humans is false?

Accepted Answer

A) The organism must be able to distinguish between itself and foreign invaders. 
B) Antibodies are produced. 
C) Antibodies result in the production of antigens. 
D) Cells engulf some of the invaders. 
A) The organism must be able to distinguish between itself and foreign invaders. 
B) Antibodies are produced. 
C) Antibodies result in the production of antigens. 
D) Cells engulf some of the invaders.

Question 8

Each T cell and each B cell binds only to one specific type of

Accepted Answer

A) antibody. 
B) neutrophil. 
C) antigen. 
D) prostaglandin. 
A) antibody. 
B) neutrophil. 
C) antigen. 
D) prostaglandin.

Question 9

The immune system can detect cancerous cells because they display different cell surface proteins and carbohydrates than normal self cells.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Examine the figure below.  
Which of the following could happen to the pathogen depicted in this figure?

Accepted Answer

A) The pathogen could use the complement protein to infect a self cell. 
B) The complement protein could attract a killer B cell that would phagocytize the pathogen. 
C) The complement proteins could attract other complement proteins that would form a hole in the pathogen's plasma membrane. 
D) The complement protein could attract a killer T cell that would inject toxins into the pathogen. 
A) The pathogen could use the complement protein to infect a self cell. 
B) The complement protein could attract a killer B cell that would phagocytize the pathogen. 
C) The complement proteins could attract other complement proteins that would form a hole in the pathogen's plasma membrane. 
D) The complement protein could attract a killer T cell that would inject toxins into the pathogen.

Question 11

Histamine

Accepted Answer

A) makes capillaries near a wound more porous. 
B) is converted to prostaglandin near a wound. 
C) closes down arterioles near a wound. 
D) is an antibody. 
A) makes capillaries near a wound more porous. 
B) is converted to prostaglandin near a wound. 
C) closes down arterioles near a wound. 
D) is an antibody.

Question 12

Which of the following do not directly cause diseases?

Accepted Answer

A) bacteria 
B) cockroaches 
C) protists 
D) viruses 
A) bacteria 
B) cockroaches 
C) protists 
D) viruses

Question 13

A difficult wound for the immune system to respond to is a

Accepted Answer

A) bruise because blood vessels lose too much blood. 
B) puncture wound because the first and second lines of defense can be bypassed. 
C) burn because the acidity of skin is compromised. 
D) cut or tear because salty secretions on sweat glands cause infection. 
A) bruise because blood vessels lose too much blood. 
B) puncture wound because the first and second lines of defense can be bypassed. 
C) burn because the acidity of skin is compromised. 
D) cut or tear because salty secretions on sweat glands cause infection.

Question 14

Interferons summon ____________________ cells that destroy any self cells that display viral proteins.

Accepted Answer

natural ki

Question 15

Lymphocytes develop from

Accepted Answer

A) macrophages. 
B) antigen-antibody interactions. 
C) neutrophils. 
D) stem cells in bone marrow. 
A) macrophages. 
B) antigen-antibody interactions. 
C) neutrophils. 
D) stem cells in bone marrow.

Question 16

As an evolutionary advantage, adaptive immunity is faster to mobilize than innate immunity.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

In clinical studies, the control group receives a "sugar pill" known as a(n)____________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In clinical studies, the control group receives...

Question 18

Which of the following is an autoimmune disease?

Accepted Answer

A) cystic fibrosis: the immune system attacks the body's lung cells 
B) sickle-cell anemia: red blood cells are attacked by the immune system 
C) type 1 diabetes: the immune system attacks specific pancreas cells 
D) Alzheimer's disease: the immune system attacks brain cells 
A) cystic fibrosis: the immune system attacks the body's lung cells 
B) sickle-cell anemia: red blood cells are attacked by the immune system 
C) type 1 diabetes: the immune system attacks specific pancreas cells 
D) Alzheimer's disease: the immune system attacks brain cells

Question 19

Neutrophils usually get to a wound site ____________________ [before or after] macrophages begin phagocytizing bacteria.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Neutrophils usually get to a wound site...

Question 20

____________________ nodes are pockets that contain specialized cells and trap bacteria and viruses roaming the body.

Accepted Answer

The answer of ____________________ nodes are pockets that contain specialized...

Exam 32: Defenses Against Disease

Prostaglandins

Which of the following would explain why doctors are very careful to match certain DNA sequences in an organ donor to those of an organ recipient in the case of a necessary organ transplant?

Interferons are thought to "interfere" with viral infection because they

A lymphocyte is activated when unique ____________________-binding proteins on its surface recognize specific molecules found on the surface of a specific pathogen.

Which of the following areas of the human body is not the location of a major concentration of white blood cells?

Different genetic versions of a particular pathogen are known as different

Which of the following statements about fighting invasions of disease-causing agents in humans is false?

Each T cell and each B cell binds only to one specific type of

The immune system can detect cancerous cells because they display different cell surface proteins and carbohydrates than normal self cells.

Examine the figure below. Which of the following could happen to the pathogen depicted in this figure?

Histamine

Which of the following do not directly cause diseases?

A difficult wound for the immune system to respond to is a

Interferons summon ____________________ cells that destroy any self cells that display viral proteins.

Lymphocytes develop from

As an evolutionary advantage, adaptive immunity is faster to mobilize than innate immunity.

In clinical studies, the control group receives a "sugar pill" known as a(n)____________________.

Which of the following is an autoimmune disease?

Neutrophils usually get to a wound site ____________________ [before or after] macrophages begin phagocytizing bacteria.

____________________ nodes are pockets that contain specialized cells and trap bacteria and viruses roaming the body.

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