Question 1

How does the central nervous system recognize how important a particular stimulus is?

Accepted Answer

A) by the frequency at which the action potentials are created by the stimulus 
B) by the overall strength of the action potential produced by the stimulus 
C) by the number of neurotransmitters that reach the brain through the circulatory system 
D) by the amount of hormone that the stimulus releases from endocrine glands 
A) by the frequency at which the action potentials are created by the stimulus 
B) by the overall strength of the action potential produced by the stimulus 
C) by the number of neurotransmitters that reach the brain through the circulatory system 
D) by the amount of hormone that the stimulus releases from endocrine glands

Question 2

A strong stimulus produces

Accepted Answer

A) stronger action potentials. 
B) more action potentials. 
C) both more and stronger action potentials. 
D) more nodes of Ranvier. 
A) stronger action potentials. 
B) more action potentials. 
C) both more and stronger action potentials. 
D) more nodes of Ranvier.

Question 3

To best help it "sniff out" a fox, a hunting dog probably has a high concentration of

Accepted Answer

A) chemoreceptors in its nasal cavity. 
B) mechanoreceptors in its ears. 
C) proprioreceptors in its nasal cavity. 
D) thermoreceptors in its front paws. 
A) chemoreceptors in its nasal cavity. 
B) mechanoreceptors in its ears. 
C) proprioreceptors in its nasal cavity. 
D) thermoreceptors in its front paws.

Question 4

One interneuron can send signals to the peripheral nervous system and the brain at the same time.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

The flow of ions across an axon's plasma membrane generates an electrical impulse known as the ____________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The flow of ions across an axon's...

Question 6

The branched receiving ends of a nerve cell are called

Accepted Answer

A) dendrites. 
B) axons. 
C) neurons. 
D) synapses. 
A) dendrites. 
B) axons. 
C) neurons. 
D) synapses.

Question 7

Neurotransmitters move from dendrites to cell bodies to axons.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

The ____________________ nervous system ferries signals to and from the central nervous system.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The ____________________ nervous system ferries signals to...

Question 9

Which of the following statements about axons is false?

Accepted Answer

A) They transmit self-sustaining signals. 
B) They transmit signals in two directions. 
C) They are a long extension of a neuron. 
D) They have a terminus that transmits signals to other cells. 
A) They transmit self-sustaining signals. 
B) They transmit signals in two directions. 
C) They are a long extension of a neuron. 
D) They have a terminus that transmits signals to other cells.

Question 10

At resting potential, the overall charge of the plasma membrane is

Accepted Answer

A) positive because of the movement of myelin out of a neuron. 
B) negative because of the sodium ions being pumped out of a neuron. 
C) positive because sodium channels open in the axon but not in the cell body. 
D) negative because sodium channels close in the dendrite but not in the axon. 
A) positive because of the movement of myelin out of a neuron. 
B) negative because of the sodium ions being pumped out of a neuron. 
C) positive because sodium channels open in the axon but not in the cell body. 
D) negative because sodium channels close in the dendrite but not in the axon.

Question 11

The area of the brain that filters and sorts signals from the spinal cord also determines which signals require an action without awareness and which signals need to be sent to the conscious perception centers. This area of the brain is known as the

Accepted Answer

A) cerebrum. 
B) pituitary gland. 
C) thalamus. 
D) cortex. 
A) cerebrum. 
B) pituitary gland. 
C) thalamus. 
D) cortex.

Question 12

The figure below illustrates how a neuron with a myelinated axon transmits signals.  
What is happening in Region A of this figure?

Accepted Answer

A) An action potential is moving between two nodes of Ranvier. 
B) Neurotransmitters are rapidly diffusing between two nodes of Ranvier. 
C) An electric charge is moving rapidly between two nodes of Ranvier. 
D) Myelin is carrying sodium ions between two nodes of Ranvier. 
A) An action potential is moving between two nodes of Ranvier. 
B) Neurotransmitters are rapidly diffusing between two nodes of Ranvier. 
C) An electric charge is moving rapidly between two nodes of Ranvier. 
D) Myelin is carrying sodium ions between two nodes of Ranvier.

Question 13

In bright light, the openings in the pupils of our eyes become smaller.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Compound eyes of insects use mechanoreceptors rather than photoreceptors.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

To respond to an incoming signal, such as your fingertip being burned by a candle's flame, the signal must be transmitted to the brain before your muscles can be told to respond and pull away.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Everyone who abuses drugs from an early age will become an addict.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

In the eyes of animals that are primarily active at night, such as raccoons, the retina would

Accepted Answer

A) contain mostly rods. 
B) not have pupils. 
C) focus images. 
D) lack a fovea. 
A) contain mostly rods. 
B) not have pupils. 
C) focus images. 
D) lack a fovea.

Question 18

After a signal has been transmitted to a receiving cell, neurotransmitters are rapidly removed from the synaptic cleft because

Accepted Answer

A) if even one neurotransmitter escapes from the synaptic cleft, it will produce action potentials in other neurons. 
B) if neurotransmitters are not removed, they will enter the receiving cell and stimulate action potentials in organelle membranes. 
C) neurotransmitters that remain in the synaptic cleft continue to bind to receptors in the receiving cell, potentially initiating new action potentials. 
D) making neurotransmitters from scratch is energetically expensive so the cell must recycle them. 
A) if even one neurotransmitter escapes from the synaptic cleft, it will produce action potentials in other neurons. 
B) if neurotransmitters are not removed, they will enter the receiving cell and stimulate action potentials in organelle membranes. 
C) neurotransmitters that remain in the synaptic cleft continue to bind to receptors in the receiving cell, potentially initiating new action potentials. 
D) making neurotransmitters from scratch is energetically expensive so the cell must recycle them.

Exam 30: Nervous and Sensory Systems

How does the central nervous system recognize how important a particular stimulus is?

A strong stimulus produces

To best help it "sniff out" a fox, a hunting dog probably has a high concentration of

One interneuron can send signals to the peripheral nervous system and the brain at the same time.

The flow of ions across an axon's plasma membrane generates an electrical impulse known as the ____________________.

The branched receiving ends of a nerve cell are called

Neurotransmitters move from dendrites to cell bodies to axons.

The ____________________ nervous system ferries signals to and from the central nervous system.

Which of the following statements about axons is false?

At resting potential, the overall charge of the plasma membrane is

The area of the brain that filters and sorts signals from the spinal cord also determines which signals require an action without awareness and which signals need to be sent to the conscious perception centers. This area of the brain is known as the

The figure below illustrates how a neuron with a myelinated axon transmits signals. What is happening in Region A of this figure?

In bright light, the openings in the pupils of our eyes become smaller.

Compound eyes of insects use mechanoreceptors rather than photoreceptors.

To respond to an incoming signal, such as your fingertip being burned by a candle's flame, the signal must be transmitted to the brain before your muscles can be told to respond and pull away.

Everyone who abuses drugs from an early age will become an addict.

In the eyes of animals that are primarily active at night, such as raccoons, the retina would

After a signal has been transmitted to a receiving cell, neurotransmitters are rapidly removed from the synaptic cleft because

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