Question 1

Genetic variation within a population is the result of the expression of the different ____________________ of a gene.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Genetic variation within a population is the...

Question 2

Which of the following processes does not contribute to the generation of genetic variation within a population?

Accepted Answer

A) independent assortment 
B) crossing-over 
C) segregation of alleles 
D) random fusion of sperm and egg 
A) independent assortment 
B) crossing-over 
C) segregation of alleles 
D) random fusion of sperm and egg

Question 3

Individuals evolve, not populations.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Peppered moths are generally light in color and blend into the trunks of the trees they live on. Populations of peppered moths found in areas where soot has blackened the tree trunks are dark in color. This example demonstrates

Accepted Answer

A) artificial selection. 
B) natural selection. 
C) genetic drift. 
D) vestigial coloration. 
A) artificial selection. 
B) natural selection. 
C) genetic drift. 
D) vestigial coloration.

Question 5

The origin of numerous species of Galápagos finches from one original species is an example of

Accepted Answer

A) gene cascades. 
B) mass extinctions. 
C) adaptation and speciation. 
D) genetic drift and emigration. 
A) gene cascades. 
B) mass extinctions. 
C) adaptation and speciation. 
D) genetic drift and emigration.

Question 6

Humans bred cows specialized for milk production by allowing female cows that produce large quantities of milk to mate only with male cows with mothers that also produced large quantities of milk. This is an example of ____________________ selection.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Humans bred cows specialized for milk production...

Question 7

Human and fish embryos share a number of features. Why is this?

Accepted Answer

A) Humans and fish share a common ancestor. 
B) Embryos of all organisms, plant and animal, look alike. 
C) Mutations in human and fish embryos have caused them to look alike. 
D) Humans and fish have exactly the same genes, but as they develop, different genes are turned on in fish than in humans. 
A) Humans and fish share a common ancestor. 
B) Embryos of all organisms, plant and animal, look alike. 
C) Mutations in human and fish embryos have caused them to look alike. 
D) Humans and fish have exactly the same genes, but as they develop, different genes are turned on in fish than in humans.

Question 8

The wings of a bird and the wings of a bat both form from the front appendages (arms). The bird wing is covered by feathers and the bat wing consists of a thin layer of skin stretched between the "finger" bones. Are the wings of the bird and bat homologous or analogous?

Accepted Answer

A) homologous because they evolved from the same body part 
B) analogous because birds' flight requires feathers and bats use skin; both are wings, but they evolved differently 
C) both; they are homologous because they both evolved from a front appendage, but analogous because they evolved differently 
D) neither, because birds and bats do not share a recent common ancestor 
A) homologous because they evolved from the same body part 
B) analogous because birds' flight requires feathers and bats use skin; both are wings, but they evolved differently 
C) both; they are homologous because they both evolved from a front appendage, but analogous because they evolved differently 
D) neither, because birds and bats do not share a recent common ancestor

Question 9

Scientists who believe in evolution are never religious.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Evolutionary changes on a small scale are called ____________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Evolutionary changes on a small scale are...

Question 11

Natural selection

Accepted Answer

A) is the principle cause of extinctions. 
B) is the principal cause of evolutionary change. 
C) occurs only in gametes. 
D) cannot occur without genetic drift. 
A) is the principle cause of extinctions. 
B) is the principal cause of evolutionary change. 
C) occurs only in gametes. 
D) cannot occur without genetic drift.

Question 12

Individuals in a given population are genetically identical.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Some whales have teeth as embryos but do not as adults. What is the most likely explanation of this phenomenon?

Accepted Answer

A) Whales are in the process of evolving teeth. 
B) Whale teeth appear as the result of a frequently occurring mutation. 
C) Whales evolved from organisms that have teeth. 
D) The allele for teeth is unusually common in some whale populations. 
A) Whales are in the process of evolving teeth. 
B) Whale teeth appear as the result of a frequently occurring mutation. 
C) Whales evolved from organisms that have teeth. 
D) The allele for teeth is unusually common in some whale populations.

Question 14

The difference between microevolution and macroevolution is that

Accepted Answer

A) macroevolution examines changes in frequency of alleles in a population, whereas microevolution focuses on speciation. 
B) microevolution focuses on changes in the gene pools of populations, whereas macroevolution focuses on changes that give rise to new species and groups of species. 
C) microevolution is applied to small organisms that undergo only asexual reproduction, whereas macroevolution applies to larger, multicellular organisms that undergo sexual reproduction. 
D) microevolution refers to changes that occur in organisms over millions of years, whereas macroevolution refers to physical changes that occur to Earth's surface over the same time period. 
A) macroevolution examines changes in frequency of alleles in a population, whereas microevolution focuses on speciation. 
B) microevolution focuses on changes in the gene pools of populations, whereas macroevolution focuses on changes that give rise to new species and groups of species. 
C) microevolution is applied to small organisms that undergo only asexual reproduction, whereas macroevolution applies to larger, multicellular organisms that undergo sexual reproduction. 
D) microevolution refers to changes that occur in organisms over millions of years, whereas macroevolution refers to physical changes that occur to Earth's surface over the same time period.

Question 15

Evolution is

Accepted Answer

A) not supported by scientific evidence. 
B) strongly supported by scientific evidence. 
C) not supported by the fossil record. 
D) too obscure to study. 
A) not supported by scientific evidence. 
B) strongly supported by scientific evidence. 
C) not supported by the fossil record. 
D) too obscure to study.

Question 16

Chimpanzees could carry a species of lice that evolved from the gorilla louse.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Prior to the industrial revolution, scholars believed that the Earth was only 6,000 years old. What evidence first suggested that this might not be the case?

Accepted Answer

A) Scientists developed techniques to accurately determine the age of fossils. 
B) Researchers saw bacteria undergoing natural selection at a rapid rate in the laboratory. 
C) Geological studies showed that the slow action of rivers, glaciers, earthquakes, and volcanoes shape the Earth's surface over long periods of time. 
D) Scholars observed that new species could evolve rapidly through artificial selection. 
A) Scientists developed techniques to accurately determine the age of fossils. 
B) Researchers saw bacteria undergoing natural selection at a rapid rate in the laboratory. 
C) Geological studies showed that the slow action of rivers, glaciers, earthquakes, and volcanoes shape the Earth's surface over long periods of time. 
D) Scholars observed that new species could evolve rapidly through artificial selection.

Question 18

The human pubic louse evolved from the species of louse that is found exclusively in ____________________ .

Accepted Answer

The answer of The human pubic louse evolved from the...

Question 19

The main conclusion Darwin reached after his return from the Galapagos Islands was that

Accepted Answer

A) animals from the Galapagos are like those from China. 
B) the animals living on the Galapagos were common in England. 
C) animals do not evolve over time. 
D) species of animals change over time. 
A) animals from the Galapagos are like those from China. 
B) the animals living on the Galapagos were common in England. 
C) animals do not evolve over time. 
D) species of animals change over time.

Question 20

Genetic variation is based on

Accepted Answer

A) the inheritance of alleles accumulated during the lifetime of an individual. 
B) differences in DNA sequences between the individuals in a population. 
C) the accumulation of mutations in somatic cells (as opposed to gametes). 
D) the formation of new combinations of alleles during asexual reproduction. 
A) the inheritance of alleles accumulated during the lifetime of an individual. 
B) differences in DNA sequences between the individuals in a population. 
C) the accumulation of mutations in somatic cells (as opposed to gametes). 
D) the formation of new combinations of alleles during asexual reproduction.

Exam 17: How Evolution Works

Genetic variation within a population is the result of the expression of the different ____________________ of a gene.

Which of the following processes does not contribute to the generation of genetic variation within a population?

Individuals evolve, not populations.

Peppered moths are generally light in color and blend into the trunks of the trees they live on. Populations of peppered moths found in areas where soot has blackened the tree trunks are dark in color. This example demonstrates

The origin of numerous species of Galápagos finches from one original species is an example of

Humans bred cows specialized for milk production by allowing female cows that produce large quantities of milk to mate only with male cows with mothers that also produced large quantities of milk. This is an example of ____________________ selection.

Human and fish embryos share a number of features. Why is this?

The wings of a bird and the wings of a bat both form from the front appendages (arms). The bird wing is covered by feathers and the bat wing consists of a thin layer of skin stretched between the "finger" bones. Are the wings of the bird and bat homologous or analogous?

Scientists who believe in evolution are never religious.

Evolutionary changes on a small scale are called ____________________.

Natural selection

Individuals in a given population are genetically identical.

Some whales have teeth as embryos but do not as adults. What is the most likely explanation of this phenomenon?

The difference between microevolution and macroevolution is that

Evolution is

Chimpanzees could carry a species of lice that evolved from the gorilla louse.

Prior to the industrial revolution, scholars believed that the Earth was only 6,000 years old. What evidence first suggested that this might not be the case?

The human pubic louse evolved from the species of louse that is found exclusively in ____________________ .

The main conclusion Darwin reached after his return from the Galapagos Islands was that

Genetic variation is based on

The Nature of Science and the Characteristics of Life

Biological Diversity, Bacteria, and Archaea

Protista, Plantae, and Fungi

Animalia

The Chemistry of Life

Cell Structure and Internal Compartments

Cell Membranes, Transport, and Communication

Energy, Metabolism, and Enzymes

Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration

Cell Division

Stem Cells, Cancer, and Human Health

Patterns of Inheritance

Chromosomes and Human Genetics

Dna and Genes

From Gene to Protein

Dna Technology

Evolution of Populations

Speciation and the Origins of Biological Diversity

The Evolutionary History of Life

The Biosphere

Growth of Populations

Ecological Communities

Ecosystems

Global Change

Internal Organization and Homeostasis

Nutrition and Digestion

Circulation and Gas Exchange

Animal Hormones

Nervous and Sensory Systems

Skeletons, Muscles, and Movement

Defenses Against Disease

Reproduction and Development

Animal Behavior

Plant Structure, Nutrition, and Transport

Plant Growth and Reproduction

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