Question 1

In all eutherians, and some marsupials, offspring develop internally in association with the ____________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In all eutherians, and some marsupials, offspring...

Question 2

A variety of tapeworms can infect humans, but two relatively simple measures can break the infective cycle:

Accepted Answer

A) do not allow pets to sleep in your home and treat your house periodically with insecticide. 
B) consume dairy products only if pasteurized and water only if chlorinated. 
C) properly cook any meats and refrigerate all types of perishable foods. 
D) avoid consuming raw meats and ensure sanitary management of human wastes. 
A) do not allow pets to sleep in your home and treat your house periodically with insecticide. 
B) consume dairy products only if pasteurized and water only if chlorinated. 
C) properly cook any meats and refrigerate all types of perishable foods. 
D) avoid consuming raw meats and ensure sanitary management of human wastes.

Question 3

The head, thorax, and abdomen of the insect body plan developed as individual segments fused; because each segment originated one pair of appendages a reasonable hypothesis is that the thorax developed when _____ segments fused.

Accepted Answer

A) 3 
B) 6 
C) 12 
D) 24 
A) 3 
B) 6 
C) 12 
D) 24

Question 4

Except for the hagfish, lamprey, and their close relatives, all vertebrates have paired jaws; how did jaws form in an evolutionary clade that already had a skeleton?

Accepted Answer

A) A mutation causing extra skeletal cell division allowed the extra cells to form the jaws. 
B) A modification of an existing skeletal element occurred; in this case the gill arch was modified. 
C) Reproduction between a nonjawed chordate and a jawed arthropod produced jawed offspring. 
D) To date biologists have been unsuccessful in explaining the origin of jaws. 
A) A mutation causing extra skeletal cell division allowed the extra cells to form the jaws. 
B) A modification of an existing skeletal element occurred; in this case the gill arch was modified. 
C) Reproduction between a nonjawed chordate and a jawed arthropod produced jawed offspring. 
D) To date biologists have been unsuccessful in explaining the origin of jaws.

Question 5

What occurs during ecdysis or molting?

Accepted Answer

A) Mammals, for example, dogs and cats, shed hair. 
B) Birds lose worn or damaged feathers from their bodies. 
C) The cuticle of some phyla is shed to accommodate additional growth. 
D) All of the above illustrate ecdysis. 
A) Mammals, for example, dogs and cats, shed hair. 
B) Birds lose worn or damaged feathers from their bodies. 
C) The cuticle of some phyla is shed to accommodate additional growth. 
D) All of the above illustrate ecdysis.

Question 6

Ctenophores can be distinguished from cnidarians by the presence of a complete digestive system.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

An animal having radial symmetry, a complete gut, and mesoglea would be a(n)____________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of An animal having radial symmetry, a complete...

Question 8

Because of their abundance and the relative scarcity of other types of vertebrates, the ____________________ era is often called the Age of Reptiles.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Because of their abundance and the relative...

Question 9

Most animals reproduce sexually; fertilization begins a developmental sequence that progresses from

Accepted Answer

A) zygote to blastula to gastrula. 
B) gastrula to zygote to blastula. 
C) blastula to zygote to gastrula. 
D) zygote to gastrula to blastula. 
A) zygote to blastula to gastrula. 
B) gastrula to zygote to blastula. 
C) blastula to zygote to gastrula. 
D) zygote to gastrula to blastula.

Question 10

Recent analysis of the cell membranes of sponges indicates a much closer relationship to other animals than previously thought.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Most gardeners are pleased to discover earthworms in their gardens because earthworms improve the soil by

Accepted Answer

A) depositing nutrients and humic acid as fecal droppings. 
B) increasing soil aeration as they burrow from the surface into deeper soil layers. 
C) transporting organic matter from the surface into deeper soil layers. 
D) all of the above 
A) depositing nutrients and humic acid as fecal droppings. 
B) increasing soil aeration as they burrow from the surface into deeper soil layers. 
C) transporting organic matter from the surface into deeper soil layers. 
D) all of the above

Question 12

Adult sea stars are considered to be radially symmetrical because

Accepted Answer

A) their closest relatives are the radially symmetrical chordates. 
B) at least five dissection planes (one through each arm) exist. 
C) they have distinct dorsal and ventral surfaces. 
D) they lack a notocord. 
A) their closest relatives are the radially symmetrical chordates. 
B) at least five dissection planes (one through each arm) exist. 
C) they have distinct dorsal and ventral surfaces. 
D) they lack a notocord.

Question 13

The success of the amniotic egg was the development of a completely water- and airtight shell that prevented moisture loss.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Although adult echinoderms display radial symmetry, they are not considered to be closely related to the cnidarians and ctenophores.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Keratin is an important and widespread structural protein in animals, forming structures as diverse as feathers, toenails, and the carapace of crabs.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

The life cycle for an insect whose developmental strategy is complete metamorphosis is shown below. What advantages are evident from the illustration?

Accepted Answer

A) Predators adapted for larva would have poor success preying on adults. 
B) Adults have greater mobility and could more effectively disperse eggs once they begin reproducing. 
C) Eggs can be deposited where food resources are still abundant. 
D) all of the above 
A) Predators adapted for larva would have poor success preying on adults. 
B) Adults have greater mobility and could more effectively disperse eggs once they begin reproducing. 
C) Eggs can be deposited where food resources are still abundant. 
D) all of the above

Question 17

Sponges are considered to be the most ancient of animals; although multicellular, sponges have not developed the ____________________ present in all other animals.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Sponges are considered to be the most...

Question 18

The rate of habitat destruction and species loss in the world's tropical rainforests is alarming, perhaps as great as

Accepted Answer

A) 1 species per minute. 
B) 3 species per hour. 
C) 8 species per day. 
D) 1,000 species per year. 
A) 1 species per minute. 
B) 3 species per hour. 
C) 8 species per day. 
D) 1,000 species per year.

Question 19

Cephalization is clearly adaptive for the free-living planarians that must locate their food; why would the parasitic flukes and tapeworms retain cephalization?

Accepted Answer

A) Those with separate sexes would need to locate one another when mating. 
B) Parasitic infection is typically organ specific; parasites need to sense their location before attaching to a body structure. 
C) Parasite life cycles require dispersal to new hosts, some parasites actively sense potential hosts and move toward them. 
D) All of the above are reasonable hypotheses. 
A) Those with separate sexes would need to locate one another when mating. 
B) Parasitic infection is typically organ specific; parasites need to sense their location before attaching to a body structure. 
C) Parasite life cycles require dispersal to new hosts, some parasites actively sense potential hosts and move toward them. 
D) All of the above are reasonable hypotheses.

Question 20

Which mollusk is properly matched with the correct class?

Accepted Answer

A) common garden slug-gastropod 
B) nautilus-bivalve 
C) scallop-gastropod 
D) nudibranch-cephalopod 
A) common garden slug-gastropod 
B) nautilus-bivalve 
C) scallop-gastropod 
D) nudibranch-cephalopod

Exam 4: Animalia

In all eutherians, and some marsupials, offspring develop internally in association with the ____________________.

A variety of tapeworms can infect humans, but two relatively simple measures can break the infective cycle:

The head, thorax, and abdomen of the insect body plan developed as individual segments fused; because each segment originated one pair of appendages a reasonable hypothesis is that the thorax developed when _____ segments fused.

Except for the hagfish, lamprey, and their close relatives, all vertebrates have paired jaws; how did jaws form in an evolutionary clade that already had a skeleton?

What occurs during ecdysis or molting?

Ctenophores can be distinguished from cnidarians by the presence of a complete digestive system.

An animal having radial symmetry, a complete gut, and mesoglea would be a(n)____________________.

Because of their abundance and the relative scarcity of other types of vertebrates, the ____________________ era is often called the Age of Reptiles.

Most animals reproduce sexually; fertilization begins a developmental sequence that progresses from

Recent analysis of the cell membranes of sponges indicates a much closer relationship to other animals than previously thought.

Most gardeners are pleased to discover earthworms in their gardens because earthworms improve the soil by

Adult sea stars are considered to be radially symmetrical because

The success of the amniotic egg was the development of a completely water- and airtight shell that prevented moisture loss.

Although adult echinoderms display radial symmetry, they are not considered to be closely related to the cnidarians and ctenophores.

Keratin is an important and widespread structural protein in animals, forming structures as diverse as feathers, toenails, and the carapace of crabs.

The life cycle for an insect whose developmental strategy is complete metamorphosis is shown below. What advantages are evident from the illustration?

Sponges are considered to be the most ancient of animals; although multicellular, sponges have not developed the ____________________ present in all other animals.

The rate of habitat destruction and species loss in the world's tropical rainforests is alarming, perhaps as great as

Cephalization is clearly adaptive for the free-living planarians that must locate their food; why would the parasitic flukes and tapeworms retain cephalization?

Which mollusk is properly matched with the correct class?

The Nature of Science and the Characteristics of Life

Biological Diversity, Bacteria, and Archaea

Protista, Plantae, and Fungi

The Chemistry of Life

Cell Structure and Internal Compartments

Cell Membranes, Transport, and Communication

Energy, Metabolism, and Enzymes

Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration

Cell Division

Stem Cells, Cancer, and Human Health

Patterns of Inheritance

Chromosomes and Human Genetics

Dna and Genes

From Gene to Protein

Dna Technology

How Evolution Works

Evolution of Populations

Speciation and the Origins of Biological Diversity

The Evolutionary History of Life

The Biosphere

Growth of Populations

Ecological Communities

Ecosystems

Global Change

Internal Organization and Homeostasis

Nutrition and Digestion

Circulation and Gas Exchange

Animal Hormones

Nervous and Sensory Systems

Skeletons, Muscles, and Movement

Defenses Against Disease

Reproduction and Development

Animal Behavior

Plant Structure, Nutrition, and Transport

Plant Growth and Reproduction

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