Question 1

​What causes hypovolemic thirst?

Accepted Answer

A) dryness of the throat 
B) low blood volume​ 
C) increased concentration of solutes in the blood​ 
D) too much salt in the diet​ 
A) dryness of the throat 
B) low blood volume​ 
C) increased concentration of solutes in the blood​ 
D) too much salt in the diet​

Question 2

What effect does the hormone angiotensin II have?​

Accepted Answer

A) increased storage of food as fat 
B) constriction of blood vessels​ 
C) decreased emptying of the stomach​ 
D) increased growth of the gonads​ 
A) increased storage of food as fat 
B) constriction of blood vessels​ 
C) decreased emptying of the stomach​ 
D) increased growth of the gonads​

Question 3

​The vagus nerve is to ____ as the splanchnic nerves are to ____.

Accepted Answer

A) stomach fullness; nutrient contents of the stomach 
B) the taste of food; the texture of food​ 
C) nutrient contents of the stomach; water contents of the stomach​ 
D) oral factors (such as chewing and taste); stomach fullness​ 
A) stomach fullness; nutrient contents of the stomach 
B) the taste of food; the texture of food​ 
C) nutrient contents of the stomach; water contents of the stomach​ 
D) oral factors (such as chewing and taste); stomach fullness​

Question 4

​Tryptophan enters the brain by an active-transport protein that it shares with ____ and other large amino acids.

Accepted Answer

A) phenylalanine 
B) melatonin​ 
C) lactose​ 
D) glucose​ 
A) phenylalanine 
B) melatonin​ 
C) lactose​ 
D) glucose​

Question 5

​The small intestine ____.

Accepted Answer

A) absorbs water and minerals 
B) digests proteins, fats, and carbohydrates​ 
C) is the secondary site for the absorption of digested foodstuffs into the bloodstream​ 
D) stores excess nutrients as glycogen, protein, or fat​ 
A) absorbs water and minerals 
B) digests proteins, fats, and carbohydrates​ 
C) is the secondary site for the absorption of digested foodstuffs into the bloodstream​ 
D) stores excess nutrients as glycogen, protein, or fat​

Question 6

​Homeostasis is to ____ as allostasis is to ____.

Accepted Answer

A) constant; variable 
B) variable; constant​ 
C) constant; decreasing​ 
D) variable; increasing​ 
A) constant; variable 
B) variable; constant​ 
C) constant; decreasing​ 
D) variable; increasing​

Question 7

​Your posterior pituitary is most likely to release antidiuretic hormone (ADH)____.

Accepted Answer

A) if you are very thirsty 
B) shortly after drinking a large glass of water​ 
C) if you are very hungry​ 
D) shortly after eating a large meal​ 
A) if you are very thirsty 
B) shortly after drinking a large glass of water​ 
C) if you are very hungry​ 
D) shortly after eating a large meal​

Question 8

​Why did mammals evolve a body temperature of 37 degrees Celsius?

Accepted Answer

A) They benefit from being as warm as possible and as fast as possible. 
B) Their protein bonds begin to break at this temperature.​ 
C) Their body proteins are stable only at 37 degrees Celsius or above.​ 
D) They can only detect changes in the environment at this environment.​ 
A) They benefit from being as warm as possible and as fast as possible. 
B) Their protein bonds begin to break at this temperature.​ 
C) Their body proteins are stable only at 37 degrees Celsius or above.​ 
D) They can only detect changes in the environment at this environment.​

Question 9

​Describe the major brain mechanisms of eating and hunger.

Accepted Answer

​The arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus

Question 10

​A common misconception is that eating turkey increases the body's supply of ____,which enables the brain to make chemicals that make you sleepy.

Accepted Answer

A) lactase 
B) tryptophan​ 
C) lacrose​ 
D) sucrose​ 
A) lactase 
B) tryptophan​ 
C) lacrose​ 
D) sucrose​

Question 11

​Stomach distension is necessary to produce satiety.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

​By what means does the brain find out about the nutrient content of food in the stomach?

Accepted Answer

A) hormones 
B) activity of the vagus nerve​ 
C) activity of the splanchnic nerves​ 
D) the duodenum​ 
A) hormones 
B) activity of the vagus nerve​ 
C) activity of the splanchnic nerves​ 
D) the duodenum​

Question 13

​A Danish study correlating the weights of 540 adopted children with various adoptive and biological relatives found ____.

Accepted Answer

A) a higher correlation with biological relatives than adoptive relatives 
B) a higher correlation with adoptive siblings than with biological siblings​ 
C) the same correlation with biological relatives and adoptive relatives​ 
D) a higher correlation with biological relatives during childhood but a higher correlation with adoptive relatives in adulthood​ 
A) a higher correlation with biological relatives than adoptive relatives 
B) a higher correlation with adoptive siblings than with biological siblings​ 
C) the same correlation with biological relatives and adoptive relatives​ 
D) a higher correlation with biological relatives during childhood but a higher correlation with adoptive relatives in adulthood​

Question 14

​The brain gets part of its information regarding low osmotic pressure from ____.

Accepted Answer

A) receptors around the third ventricle 
B) the blood-brain barrier​ 
C) the subfornical organ​ 
D) thalamus​ 
A) receptors around the third ventricle 
B) the blood-brain barrier​ 
C) the subfornical organ​ 
D) thalamus​

Question 15

​An animal has trouble digesting its food after damage to the ____.

Accepted Answer

A) occipital cortex 
B) lateral hypothalamus​ 
C) medial part of the hypothalamus​ 
D) pineal gland​ 
A) occipital cortex 
B) lateral hypothalamus​ 
C) medial part of the hypothalamus​ 
D) pineal gland​

Question 16

​How does cholecystokinin limit meal size?

Accepted Answer

Cholecystokinin constricts the sphincter

Question 17

​Most mammals at about the age of weaning lose the intestinal enzyme lactase.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

​After damage to the ventromedial hypothalamus,an animal will most likely ____.

Accepted Answer

A) increase its activity level 
B) eat much more at any given meal​ 
C) overeat when presented with a sweetened diet​ 
D) only undereat when presented with a very sweet food​ 
A) increase its activity level 
B) eat much more at any given meal​ 
C) overeat when presented with a sweetened diet​ 
D) only undereat when presented with a very sweet food​

Question 19

​On average,people with bulimia show a variety of biochemical abnormalities,including increased production of ____.

Accepted Answer

A) insulin 
B) ghrelin​ 
C) dopamine​ 
D) orlistat​ 
A) insulin 
B) ghrelin​ 
C) dopamine​ 
D) orlistat​

Question 20

​What does the eating cycle of bulimia have in common with addictive drugs?

Accepted Answer

A) Both activate the brain's reinforcement areas. 
B) Starvation decreases their cravings.​ 
C) Both can be relieved with morphine.​ 
D) Exercise increases the intensity of effect.​ 
A) Both activate the brain's reinforcement areas. 
B) Starvation decreases their cravings.​ 
C) Both can be relieved with morphine.​ 
D) Exercise increases the intensity of effect.​

What causes hypovolemic thirst?

What effect does the hormone angiotensin II have?

The vagus nerve is to as the splanchnic nerves are to .

Tryptophan enters the brain by an active-transport protein that it shares with ____ and other large amino acids.

The small intestine ____.

Homeostasis is to as allostasis is to .

Your posterior pituitary is most likely to release antidiuretic hormone (ADH)____.

Why did mammals evolve a body temperature of 37 degrees Celsius?

Describe the major brain mechanisms of eating and hunger.

A common misconception is that eating turkey increases the body's supply of ____,which enables the brain to make chemicals that make you sleepy.

Stomach distension is necessary to produce satiety.

By what means does the brain find out about the nutrient content of food in the stomach?

A Danish study correlating the weights of 540 adopted children with various adoptive and biological relatives found ____.

The brain gets part of its information regarding low osmotic pressure from ____.

An animal has trouble digesting its food after damage to the ____.

How does cholecystokinin limit meal size?

Most mammals at about the age of weaning lose the intestinal enzyme lactase.

After damage to the ventromedial hypothalamus,an animal will most likely ____.

On average,people with bulimia show a variety of biochemical abnormalities,including increased production of ____.

What does the eating cycle of bulimia have in common with addictive drugs?

Nerve Cells and Nerve Impulses

Synapses

Anatomy and Research Methods

Genetics, evolution, development, and Plasticity

Vision

Other Sensory Systems

Movement

Wakefulness and Sleep

Reproductive Behaviors

Emotional Behaviors

The Biology of Learning and Memory

Cognitive Functions

Psychological Disorders

Appendix A: Brief, basic Chemistry

Filters

Exam 9: Internal Regulation