Question 1

​Obese people tend to produce more insulin than people of normal weight.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

​Chronically high insulin levels lead to increased appetite by ____.

Accepted Answer

A) lowering body temperature, increasing the need for nutrition 
B) preventing glucose from entering the cells​ 
C) causing a high percentage of available glucose to be stored as fat​ 
D) directly altering the responses of the taste buds​ 
A) lowering body temperature, increasing the need for nutrition 
B) preventing glucose from entering the cells​ 
C) causing a high percentage of available glucose to be stored as fat​ 
D) directly altering the responses of the taste buds​

Question 3

​How do adult mammals with damage to the preoptic area regulate their body temperature?

Accepted Answer

A) physiologically 
B) pharmacologically​ 
C) behaviorally​ 
D) not at all​ 
A) physiologically 
B) pharmacologically​ 
C) behaviorally​ 
D) not at all​

Question 4

​Set points can change over time.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

​Which group would most likely benefit from taking leptin?

Accepted Answer

A) anorexic patients 
B) normal obese people​ 
C) obese people with faulty leptin receptors​ 
D) obese people who fail to produce leptin​ 
A) anorexic patients 
B) normal obese people​ 
C) obese people with faulty leptin receptors​ 
D) obese people who fail to produce leptin​

Question 6

​What area of the brain is largely responsible for detecting osmotic pressure?

Accepted Answer

A) substantia nigra 
B) red nucleus​ 
C) ventromedial hypothalamus​ 
D) OVLT and subfornical organ​ 
A) substantia nigra 
B) red nucleus​ 
C) ventromedial hypothalamus​ 
D) OVLT and subfornical organ​

Question 7

​Fructose,used in corn syrup as a sweetener,may lead to increased obesity by ____.

Accepted Answer

A) failing to trigger satiety 
B) having more calories than other sugars​ 
C) slowing fat digestion​ 
D) enhancing PVN activity​ 
A) failing to trigger satiety 
B) having more calories than other sugars​ 
C) slowing fat digestion​ 
D) enhancing PVN activity​

Question 8

​The esophagus brings food from the ____.

Accepted Answer

A) mouth to the stomach 
B) stomach to the sphincter​ 
C) sphincter to the intestines​ 
D) stomach to the intestines​ 
A) mouth to the stomach 
B) stomach to the sphincter​ 
C) sphincter to the intestines​ 
D) stomach to the intestines​

Question 9

​In the control of appetite,CCK,leptin,and insulin converge their effects onto hypothalamic cells that release transmitters in the ____ family.

Accepted Answer

A) melanocortin 
B) endorphin​ 
C) acetylcholine​ 
D) purine​ 
A) melanocortin 
B) endorphin​ 
C) acetylcholine​ 
D) purine​

Question 10

​Poikilothermic organisms have body temperatures that ____.

Accepted Answer

A) remain relatively constant no matter the change in the external environment 
B) are the same as the temperatures of their environments​ 
C) are nearly constant, although the brain temperature varies​ 
D) allow them to survive in very warm climates only​ 
A) remain relatively constant no matter the change in the external environment 
B) are the same as the temperatures of their environments​ 
C) are nearly constant, although the brain temperature varies​ 
D) allow them to survive in very warm climates only​

Question 11

​Many kinds of information impinge onto two kinds of cells in one nucleus of the hypothalamus,which is regarded as the "master area" for control of appetite.That area is the ____.

Accepted Answer

A) suprachiasmatic nucleus 
B) sexually dimorphic nucleus​ 
C) solitary nucleus​ 
D) arcuate nucleus​ 
A) suprachiasmatic nucleus 
B) sexually dimorphic nucleus​ 
C) solitary nucleus​ 
D) arcuate nucleus​

Question 12

​High levels of leptin are associated with ____.

Accepted Answer

A) decreased activity and eating 
B) increased activity and eating​ 
C) decreased activity and increased eating​ 
D) increased activity and decreased eating​ 
A) decreased activity and eating 
B) increased activity and eating​ 
C) decreased activity and increased eating​ 
D) increased activity and decreased eating​

Question 13

​After damage to the preoptic area,an animal ____.

Accepted Answer

A) eats a great deal and gains weight 
B) stops eating​ 
C) fails to sweat when overheating, but still shivers when cold​ 
D) fails to shiver and sweat sufficiently​ 
A) eats a great deal and gains weight 
B) stops eating​ 
C) fails to sweat when overheating, but still shivers when cold​ 
D) fails to shiver and sweat sufficiently​

Question 14

​Through what mechanism does insulin affect appetite?

Accepted Answer

A) It enables stored nutrients to enter the blood stream. 
B) It enables glucose in the blood stream to enter the cells.​ 
C) It converts other nutrients into glucose.​ 
D) It converts glucose into other nutrients.​ 
A) It enables stored nutrients to enter the blood stream. 
B) It enables glucose in the blood stream to enter the cells.​ 
C) It converts other nutrients into glucose.​ 
D) It converts glucose into other nutrients.​

Question 15

​Cells in the preoptic area of the hypothalamus monitor which temperatures?

Accepted Answer

A) internal organs 
B) their own and the skin​ 
C) differences between the arteries and veins​ 
D) differences between internal organs and the skin​ 
A) internal organs 
B) their own and the skin​ 
C) differences between the arteries and veins​ 
D) differences between internal organs and the skin​

Question 16

​The brain finds out about the degree of stretch of the stomach from ____.

Accepted Answer

A) visual feedback 
B) the hormone angiotensin​ 
C) sensory receptors on the skin of the abdomen​ 
D) activity of the vagus nerve​ 
A) visual feedback 
B) the hormone angiotensin​ 
C) sensory receptors on the skin of the abdomen​ 
D) activity of the vagus nerve​

Question 17

​Glucagon stimulates the liver to ____.

Accepted Answer

A) convert glucose to glycogen 
B) store glucose​ 
C) convert glycogen to glucose​ 
D) decrease blood glucose levels​ 
A) convert glucose to glycogen 
B) store glucose​ 
C) convert glycogen to glucose​ 
D) decrease blood glucose levels​

Question 18

​Humans expend most of their energy on which activity?

Accepted Answer

A) walking, running, and other forms of locomotion 
B) in the beating of their hearts and blood circulation​ 
C) propagating action potentials in the billions of neurons in the nervous system​ 
D) maintaining basal metabolism​ 
A) walking, running, and other forms of locomotion 
B) in the beating of their hearts and blood circulation​ 
C) propagating action potentials in the billions of neurons in the nervous system​ 
D) maintaining basal metabolism​

Question 19

​Hunger and satiety-sensitive neurons in the arcuate nucleus affect neurons in the ____,thereby affecting meal size.

Accepted Answer

A) paraventricular nucleus 
B) lateral hypothalamus​ 
C) OVLT​ 
D) ventromedial hypothalamus​ 
A) paraventricular nucleus 
B) lateral hypothalamus​ 
C) OVLT​ 
D) ventromedial hypothalamus​

Question 20

​Processes that reduce any discrepancies from the set point are known as ____.

Accepted Answer

A) negative feedback 
B) positive feedback​ 
C) homeothermic​ 
D) thermostasis​ 
A) negative feedback 
B) positive feedback​ 
C) homeothermic​ 
D) thermostasis​

Obese people tend to produce more insulin than people of normal weight.

Chronically high insulin levels lead to increased appetite by ____.

How do adult mammals with damage to the preoptic area regulate their body temperature?

Set points can change over time.

Which group would most likely benefit from taking leptin?

What area of the brain is largely responsible for detecting osmotic pressure?

Fructose,used in corn syrup as a sweetener,may lead to increased obesity by ____.

The esophagus brings food from the ____.

In the control of appetite,CCK,leptin,and insulin converge their effects onto hypothalamic cells that release transmitters in the ____ family.

Poikilothermic organisms have body temperatures that ____.

Many kinds of information impinge onto two kinds of cells in one nucleus of the hypothalamus,which is regarded as the "master area" for control of appetite.That area is the ____.

High levels of leptin are associated with ____.

After damage to the preoptic area,an animal ____.

Through what mechanism does insulin affect appetite?

Cells in the preoptic area of the hypothalamus monitor which temperatures?

The brain finds out about the degree of stretch of the stomach from ____.

Glucagon stimulates the liver to ____.

Humans expend most of their energy on which activity?

Hunger and satiety-sensitive neurons in the arcuate nucleus affect neurons in the ____,thereby affecting meal size.

Processes that reduce any discrepancies from the set point are known as ____.

Nerve Cells and Nerve Impulses

Synapses

Anatomy and Research Methods

Genetics, evolution, development, and Plasticity

Vision

Other Sensory Systems

Movement

Wakefulness and Sleep

Reproductive Behaviors

Emotional Behaviors

The Biology of Learning and Memory

Cognitive Functions

Psychological Disorders

Appendix A: Brief, basic Chemistry

Filters

Exam 9: Internal Regulation