Question 1

​Why do both high levels and very low levels of insulin lead to increased eating?

Accepted Answer

A) Glucose leaves the blood to be stored as fat. 
B) Fat supplies are being rapidly converted to glucose.​ 
C) Little glucose is reaching the cells to be used as fuel.​ 
D) Activity of the taste buds is directly enhanced.​ 
A) Glucose leaves the blood to be stored as fat. 
B) Fat supplies are being rapidly converted to glucose.​ 
C) Little glucose is reaching the cells to be used as fuel.​ 
D) Activity of the taste buds is directly enhanced.​

Question 2

​In response to infection,leukocytes release proteins called ____.

Accepted Answer

A) leptin 
B) cholecystokinin​ 
C) cytokines​ 
D) insulin​ 
A) leptin 
B) cholecystokinin​ 
C) cytokines​ 
D) insulin​

Question 3

​Approximately what percent of the mammalian body is composed of water?

Accepted Answer

A) 10% 
B) 20%​ 
C) 50%​ 
D) 70%​ 
A) 10% 
B) 20%​ 
C) 50%​ 
D) 70%​

Question 4

​One interpretation of how the hormone CCK promotes satiety is that it ____.

Accepted Answer

A) speeds up the digestive processes in the intestines 
B) increases the rate at which glucose enters the cells of the body​ 
C) causes the stomach to fill more quickly​ 
D) facilitates the emptying of the stomach​ 
A) speeds up the digestive processes in the intestines 
B) increases the rate at which glucose enters the cells of the body​ 
C) causes the stomach to fill more quickly​ 
D) facilitates the emptying of the stomach​

Question 5

A set point refers to ____.​

Accepted Answer

A) a very narrow range that the body works to maintain at a stable level 
B) the regulation of blood flow​ 
C) the release of hormones at a set point in time​ 
D) initiating a change in body temperature at a set point in time​ 
A) a very narrow range that the body works to maintain at a stable level 
B) the regulation of blood flow​ 
C) the release of hormones at a set point in time​ 
D) initiating a change in body temperature at a set point in time​

Question 6

​The large intestine ____.

Accepted Answer

A) absorbs water and minerals 
B) digests proteins, fats, and carbohydrates​ 
C) is the main site for the absorption of digested foodstuffs into the bloodstream​ 
D) stores excess nutrients as glycogen, protein, or fat​ 
A) absorbs water and minerals 
B) digests proteins, fats, and carbohydrates​ 
C) is the main site for the absorption of digested foodstuffs into the bloodstream​ 
D) stores excess nutrients as glycogen, protein, or fat​

Question 7

​The tendency of water to flow across a semipermeable membrane from the area of low solute concentration to the area of higher concentration is termed ____.

Accepted Answer

A) hypovolemic pressure 
B) hypovolemic thirst​ 
C) osmotic pressure​ 
D) OVLT​ 
A) hypovolemic pressure 
B) hypovolemic thirst​ 
C) osmotic pressure​ 
D) OVLT​

Question 8

​Describe the different causes and mechanisms of osmotic thirst.

Accepted Answer

Osmotic thirst is caused by an increased

Question 9

​Which hormone,released by the posterior pituitary,both raises blood pressure and enables the kidneys to reabsorb water?

Accepted Answer

A) vasopressin 
B) prolactin​ 
C) thymosin​ 
D) ACTH​ 
A) vasopressin 
B) prolactin​ 
C) thymosin​ 
D) ACTH​

Question 10

​Which hormone controls the rate at which glucose leaves the blood and enters the cells?

Accepted Answer

A) CCK 
B) aldosterone​ 
C) glucagon​ 
D) insulin​ 
A) CCK 
B) aldosterone​ 
C) glucagon​ 
D) insulin​

Question 11

​Vasopressin increases blood pressure by constricting the blood vessels.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

​Ghrelin is associated with ____ in the periphery and ____ in the brain.

Accepted Answer

A) CCK release; inhibition of the arcuate nucleus 
B) leptin release; inhibition of the arcuate nucleus​ 
C) stomach contractions; excitation of the arcuate nucleus​ 
D) stomach distension; excitation of the arcuate nucleus​ 
A) CCK release; inhibition of the arcuate nucleus 
B) leptin release; inhibition of the arcuate nucleus​ 
C) stomach contractions; excitation of the arcuate nucleus​ 
D) stomach distension; excitation of the arcuate nucleus​

Question 13

​How do amphibians and reptiles control their body temperature?

Accepted Answer

A) by evolving their gene pool 
B) by shivering and sweating​ 
C) by changing the reflectivity of their skin​ 
D) by choosing an appropriate area of the environment​ 
A) by evolving their gene pool 
B) by shivering and sweating​ 
C) by changing the reflectivity of their skin​ 
D) by choosing an appropriate area of the environment​

Question 14

​The blood's glucose level ordinarily remains relatively constant because of the activity of ____.

Accepted Answer

A) CCK. 
B) the liver​ 
C) the thyroid gland​ 
D) the gall bladder​ 
A) CCK. 
B) the liver​ 
C) the thyroid gland​ 
D) the gall bladder​

Question 15

​Describe the brain mechanisms involved in shivering,sweating,and changes in blood flow to the skin.

Accepted Answer

The physiological changes that regulate

Question 16

​What is the first point in the digestive system where enzymes begin to break down food?

Accepted Answer

A) mouth 
B) esophagus​ 
C) stomach​ 
D) small intestine​ 
A) mouth 
B) esophagus​ 
C) stomach​ 
D) small intestine​

Question 17

​In sham-feeding,animals are ____.

Accepted Answer

A) allowed to chew but not swallow 
B) allowed to chew and swallow, but the food never enters the stomach​ 
C) only allowed to eat a mixture devoid of nutrients​ 
D) only allowed to eat an artificial substance​ 
A) allowed to chew but not swallow 
B) allowed to chew and swallow, but the food never enters the stomach​ 
C) only allowed to eat a mixture devoid of nutrients​ 
D) only allowed to eat an artificial substance​

Question 18

​After damage to the lateral hypothalamus,animals ____.

Accepted Answer

A) show normal osmotic thirst but not hypovolemic thirst 
B) show normal hypovolemic thirst but not osmotic thirst​ 
C) eat less​ 
D) eat more​ 
A) show normal osmotic thirst but not hypovolemic thirst 
B) show normal hypovolemic thirst but not osmotic thirst​ 
C) eat less​ 
D) eat more​

Question 19

​Obesity in Prader-Willi syndrome is linked to a problem with ____.

Accepted Answer

A) melanocortin 
B) ghrelin​ 
C) NPY​ 
D) leptin​ 
A) melanocortin 
B) ghrelin​ 
C) NPY​ 
D) leptin​

Question 20

After damage in and around the ventromedial hypothalamus,animals are more likely to ____.​

Accepted Answer

A) overeat and gain weight 
B) refuse food and lose weight​ 
C) produce low levels of the hormone CCK​ 
D) be slow in their digestion​ 
A) overeat and gain weight 
B) refuse food and lose weight​ 
C) produce low levels of the hormone CCK​ 
D) be slow in their digestion​

Why do both high levels and very low levels of insulin lead to increased eating?

In response to infection,leukocytes release proteins called ____.

Approximately what percent of the mammalian body is composed of water?

One interpretation of how the hormone CCK promotes satiety is that it ____.

A set point refers to ____.

The large intestine ____.

The tendency of water to flow across a semipermeable membrane from the area of low solute concentration to the area of higher concentration is termed ____.

Describe the different causes and mechanisms of osmotic thirst.

Which hormone,released by the posterior pituitary,both raises blood pressure and enables the kidneys to reabsorb water?

Which hormone controls the rate at which glucose leaves the blood and enters the cells?

Vasopressin increases blood pressure by constricting the blood vessels.

Ghrelin is associated with in the periphery and in the brain.

How do amphibians and reptiles control their body temperature?

The blood's glucose level ordinarily remains relatively constant because of the activity of ____.

Describe the brain mechanisms involved in shivering,sweating,and changes in blood flow to the skin.

What is the first point in the digestive system where enzymes begin to break down food?

In sham-feeding,animals are ____.

After damage to the lateral hypothalamus,animals ____.

Obesity in Prader-Willi syndrome is linked to a problem with ____.

After damage in and around the ventromedial hypothalamus,animals are more likely to ____.

Nerve Cells and Nerve Impulses

Synapses

Anatomy and Research Methods

Genetics, evolution, development, and Plasticity

Vision

Other Sensory Systems

Movement

Wakefulness and Sleep

Reproductive Behaviors

Emotional Behaviors

The Biology of Learning and Memory

Cognitive Functions

Psychological Disorders

Appendix A: Brief, basic Chemistry

Filters

Exam 9: Internal Regulation