Question 1

Please define the following key terms.
- Collectivization

Accepted Answer

Collectivization refers to the process of bringing together individual farms and agricultural activities into collective or cooperative farms, often under state control. This was a key policy implemented in various countries, particularly in the Soviet Union under Joseph Stalin in the 1920s and 1930s.

Who: The process of collectivization involved individual farmers and agricultural workers, as well as government officials and planners.

What: It involved the consolidation of small individual farms into larger collective farms, often with shared resources and decision-making.

Where: Collectivization was implemented in various countries, but most notably in the Soviet Union and other communist states.

When: The process of collectivization took place primarily in the 1920s and 1930s, although variations of this policy have been implemented at different times in different places.

Why Important: The goal of collectivization was often to increase agricultural productivity and efficiency, as well as to facilitate the transition to a socialist or communist economic system. However, it was also a highly controversial and often coercive process, leading to widespread resistance and hardship for many farmers. The impact of collectivization on agricultural output and rural communities has been the subject of much debate and historical analysis.

Question 2

What was associated with Franklin Roosevelt's New Deal Program?

Accepted Answer

A) Works Progress Administration. 
B) Agricultural subsidies. 
C) Recognition of unions. 
D) All of the answers are correct. 
E) Banking reforms. 
A) Works Progress Administration. 
B) Agricultural subsidies. 
C) Recognition of unions. 
D) All of the answers are correct. 
E) Banking reforms. D

Question 3

Please define the following key terms.
- Adolf Hitler

Accepted Answer

Adolf Hitler was a German politician and leader of the National Socialist German Workers' Party (Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei, NSDAP), commonly known as the Nazi Party. He was born on April 20, 1889, in Braunau am Inn, Austria-Hungary (now in Austria), and died by suicide on April 30, 1945, in Berlin, Germany. Hitler's historical significance is vast and multifaceted, with his actions having profound and catastrophic effects on the course of the 20th century.

Hitler's rise to power began in the aftermath of World War I and the economic turmoil of the Weimar Republic. Exploiting public discontent, he became Chancellor of Germany in 1933 and quickly established a totalitarian regime. By August 1934, he had consolidated power and declared himself Führer (leader), effectively becoming the dictator of Germany.

The historical significance of Adolf Hitler includes:

1. World War II: Hitler's aggressive foreign policy and expansionist ambitions led to the outbreak of World War II in 1939, following Germany's invasion of Poland. The war resulted in an estimated 70-85 million fatalities, making it the deadliest conflict in human history.

2. The Holocaust: Under Hitler's rule, the Nazi regime orchestrated the genocide of six million Jews, along with millions of others deemed "undesirable," including Romani people, disabled individuals, political dissidents, homosexuals, and others. This systematic extermination is known as the Holocaust and stands as one of the most heinous crimes against humanity.

3. Nazi Ideology: Hitler was instrumental in promoting the ideology of Nazism, which combined extreme nationalism, racism, anti-Semitism, and anti-communism. This ideology led to widespread persecution and the establishment of a totalitarian state that suppressed freedom and dissent.

4. Transformation of Germany: Hitler's economic and social policies transformed Germany, initially leading to economic recovery and a reduction in unemployment. However, these policies were also geared towards militarization and preparing the nation for war.

5. Impact on International Relations: The consequences of Hitler's actions led to a reconfiguration of global power structures after World War II, including the onset of the Cold War, the division of Germany, and the establishment of the United Nations with the aim of preventing future conflicts of such magnitude.

6. Legacy of Memory and Education: The atrocities committed under Hitler's regime have had a lasting impact on global memory and education. The Holocaust is extensively studied as a profound moral failure, and there are ongoing efforts to combat anti-Semitism, racism, and other forms of hatred to ensure that such events are never repeated.

In summary, Adolf Hitler's historical significance is rooted in his role as the architect of some of the darkest chapters in human history. His leadership led to widespread destruction, the re-drawing of international borders, and a legacy that continues to shape global politics, societal values, and our collective understanding of human rights and dignity.

Question 4

What did fascists incorporate in their idea of the perfect state?

Accepted Answer

A) Leaders should take into consideration the self-interests of the individual. 
B) The role of the state should express the will of the individual. 
C) The equality of world nations should be achieved in the League of Nations. 
D) National greatness would be achieved by the state organizing the collective will. 
E) Racial tolerance would be achieved. 
A) Leaders should take into consideration the self-interests of the individual. 
B) The role of the state should express the will of the individual. 
C) The equality of world nations should be achieved in the League of Nations. 
D) National greatness would be achieved by the state organizing the collective will. 
E) Racial tolerance would be achieved.

Question 5

Please define the following key terms.
- Nuremberg Laws

Accepted Answer

The Nuremberg Laws were a set of anti-Se

Question 6

The middle class,who initially supported Mussolini,grew disenchanted with his use of

Accepted Answer

A) rhetoric. 
B) propaganda. 
C) patriotism. 
D) violence. 
E) compromise. 
A) rhetoric. 
B) propaganda. 
C) patriotism. 
D) violence. 
E) compromise.

Question 7

In the 1930s,India's "distress gold" was associated with

Accepted Answer

A) families selling jewelry to avoid loss of their land. 
B) the drop in value of commercial crops. 
C) decreased dowry payments. 
D) cancelled or delayed marriages. 
E) All of the answers are correct. 
A) families selling jewelry to avoid loss of their land. 
B) the drop in value of commercial crops. 
C) decreased dowry payments. 
D) cancelled or delayed marriages. 
E) All of the answers are correct.

Question 8

Kemal banned the political party of Edib because she

Accepted Answer

A) wanted Kemal to become a dictator. 
B) favored liberal democracy. 
C) wanted to restore the Ottomans. 
D) thought Turkey was too big and needed to be divided. 
E) favored using shari'a,or Islamic law,for the state. 
A) wanted Kemal to become a dictator. 
B) favored liberal democracy. 
C) wanted to restore the Ottomans. 
D) thought Turkey was too big and needed to be divided. 
E) favored using shari'a,or Islamic law,for the state.

Question 9

According to Hitler,what did the term people mean to him?

Accepted Answer

Adolf Hitler's concept of "people" (Volk

Question 10

What actions were taken by Hitler to reunite ethnic Germans who were spread throughout Europe,and what was the response from other nations to these actions?

Accepted Answer

Adolf Hitler took several actions to reu

Question 11

Referring to the reading in the textbook,"Gandhi and Nehru on Progress and Civilization," answer the following question."  What were the similarities and differences in outlooks between Gandhi and Nehru?

Accepted Answer

Gandhi and Nehru both shared a vision fo

Question 12

What was one of the causes that,in 1920,led the Indian National Congress to press for Hind Swaraj?

Accepted Answer

A) The decline of the power of Gandhi. 
B) An increase in Indian autonomy in its affairs. 
C) Rewards for Indian participation in World War I for the British. 
D) The Amritsar massacre. 
E) The decline of the influence of the Indian National Congress. 
A) The decline of the power of Gandhi. 
B) An increase in Indian autonomy in its affairs. 
C) Rewards for Indian participation in World War I for the British. 
D) The Amritsar massacre. 
E) The decline of the influence of the Indian National Congress.

Question 13

Mussolini replaced autonomous organizations and affiliations with this system in which the state itself organized all citizens involved in a common undertaking

Accepted Answer

A) military associations. 
B) corporations. 
C) youth organizations. 
D) labor unions. 
E) international social cells. 
A) military associations. 
B) corporations. 
C) youth organizations. 
D) labor unions. 
E) international social cells.

Question 14

Hitler promised a Third Reich ("Third Empire")that would last

Accepted Answer

A) forever. 
B) 1000 years. 
C) as long as there was a Germany under the Nazi Party. 
D) as long as the Roman Empire. 
E) until revenge was complete for the Treaty of Versailles. 
A) forever. 
B) 1000 years. 
C) as long as there was a Germany under the Nazi Party. 
D) as long as the Roman Empire. 
E) until revenge was complete for the Treaty of Versailles.

Question 15

Please define the following key terms.
- Indian National Congress

Accepted Answer

The answer of Please define the following key terms.
- Indian National...

Question 16

The major goal of Edib during World War I was

Accepted Answer

A) the defeat of the German armies in the Middle East. 
B) to regain territory lost to Austria-Hungary. 
C) the defeat of the British forces in the Middle East. 
D) Turkish nationalism. 
E) eliminating the threat of expansionist Russia. 
A) the defeat of the German armies in the Middle East. 
B) to regain territory lost to Austria-Hungary. 
C) the defeat of the British forces in the Middle East. 
D) Turkish nationalism. 
E) eliminating the threat of expansionist Russia.

Question 17

Please define the following key terms.
- Corporations

Accepted Answer

The answer of Please define the following key terms.
- Corporations...

Question 18

Which of the following describe Hitler's beliefs and attitude toward Jews?

Accepted Answer

A) all of the answers are correct. 
B) Jews were a threat to national security in Germany. 
C) Jews were the personification of the devil and evil. 
D) the Nazis fell back on historical bigotry against Jews in Germany. 
E) the violent belief that races should not mix. 
A) all of the answers are correct. 
B) Jews were a threat to national security in Germany. 
C) Jews were the personification of the devil and evil. 
D) the Nazis fell back on historical bigotry against Jews in Germany. 
E) the violent belief that races should not mix.

Question 19

Please define the following key terms.
- Igbo Women's War

Accepted Answer

The Igbo Women's War, also known as the

Question 20

Please define the following key terms.
- Chancellor

Accepted Answer

The term "Chancellor" has various defini

Exam 28: Responses to Global Crisis, 1920 - 1939

Please define the following key terms. - Collectivization

What was associated with Franklin Roosevelt's New Deal Program?

Please define the following key terms. - Adolf Hitler

What did fascists incorporate in their idea of the perfect state?

Please define the following key terms. - Nuremberg Laws

The middle class,who initially supported Mussolini,grew disenchanted with his use of

In the 1930s,India's "distress gold" was associated with

Kemal banned the political party of Edib because she

According to Hitler,what did the term people mean to him?

What actions were taken by Hitler to reunite ethnic Germans who were spread throughout Europe,and what was the response from other nations to these actions?

Referring to the reading in the textbook,"Gandhi and Nehru on Progress and Civilization," answer the following question." What were the similarities and differences in outlooks between Gandhi and Nehru?

What was one of the causes that,in 1920,led the Indian National Congress to press for Hind Swaraj?

Mussolini replaced autonomous organizations and affiliations with this system in which the state itself organized all citizens involved in a common undertaking

Hitler promised a Third Reich ("Third Empire")that would last

Please define the following key terms. - Indian National Congress

The major goal of Edib during World War I was

Please define the following key terms. - Corporations

Which of the following describe Hitler's beliefs and attitude toward Jews?

Please define the following key terms. - Igbo Women's War

Please define the following key terms. - Chancellor

The Peopling of the World, to 4000 BCE

The First Complex Societies in the Eastern Mediterranean, ca 4000 - 550 BCE

Ancient India and the Rise of Buddhism, 2600 BCE- 100 Ce

Blueprint for Empire: China, 1200 BCE- 220 Ce

The Americas and the Islands of the Pacific, to 1200 Ce

New Empires in Iran and Greece, 2000 BCE- 651 Ce

The Roman Empire and the Rise of Christianity, 509 BCE- 476 Ce

Hindu and Buddhist States and Societies in Asia, 100 - 1000

Islamic Empires of Western Asia and Africa, 600 - 1258

The Multiple Centers of Europe, 500 - 1000

Expanding Trade Networks in Africa and India, 1000 - 1500

Chinas Commercial Revolution, ca900 - 1276

Europes Commercial Revolution, 1000 - 1400

The Mongols and Their Successors, 1200 - 1500

Maritime Expansion in the Atlantic World, 1400 - 1600

Maritime Expansion in Afro-Eurasia, 1500 - 1700

Religion, politics, and the Balance of Power in Western Eurasia, 1500 - 1750

Empires, colonies, and Peoples of the Americas, 1600 - 1750

The Atlantic System: Africa, the Americas, and Europe, 1550 - 1807

Empires in Early Modern Asia, 1650 - 1818

European Science and the Foundations of Modern Imperialism, 1600 - 1820

Revolutions in the West, 1750 - 1830

The Industrial Revolution and European Politics, 1780 - 1880

China, japan, and India Confront the Modern World, 1800 - 1910

State Building and Social Change in the Americas, 1830 - 1895

The New Imperialism in Africa and Southeast Asia, 1830 - 1914

War, revolution, and Global Uncertainty, 1905 - 1928

The Second World War and the Origins of the Cold War, 1939 - 1949

The Cold War and Decolonization 1949 - 1975

Toward a New World Order, 1975 - 2000

Voyage Into the Twenty-First Century

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