Exam 8: Plato Apology

Mill says, "There is a limit to the legitimate interference of collective opinion with ________________________: and to find that limit, and maintain it against encroachment, is as indispensable to a good condition of human affairs, as protection against political despotism."

According to Appiah, "To think of a civilization as coherent is to miss the fact that these different values and beliefs are not merely different but actually opposed. Worse, what had been presented as the coherent, unified worldview of a tribal people often turned out, on later inspection, to be merely the __________ of a dominant group or interest."

Rorty tells us that, "This question looks manageable as long as we confine our attention to the northern hemisphere. If that part of the planet (suitably gerrymandered so as, for example, to include Australia and exclude China) were all we had to worry about, it would be plausible to suggest that there is, or soon will be, enough money to go around-that our problems are simply those of ..."

Explain what Macaulay means when she tells us that "for the rich, when possessed of the whole authority of the state, would be sure to take the first care of themselves, if they should not be tempted to secure an exoneration of all burthens, by dividing the spoils of the public; and that the abuse of such high trusts must necessarily arise, because to act by selfish considerations, is in the very constitution of our nature." Do you agree with Macaulay?

Locke asks, "If man in the state of Nature be so free, if he be absolute lord of his own person and possessions, equal to the greatest and subject to nobody, why will he part with his freedom, this empire, and subject himself to the dominion and control of any other power?" Locke's answer is the enjoyment of freedom in the state of nature is very uncertain. Do you agree with Locke? Explain your answer.

Mill says, "there needs protection also against the tyranny of the prevailing opinion and feeling; against the tendency of society to impose, by other means than civil penalties, its own ideas and practices as rules of conduct on those who ..."

Macaulay says, "for the rich, when possessed of the whole authority of the state, would be sure to take the first care of themselves, if they should not be tempted to secure an exoneration of all burthens, by dividing the spoils of the public; and that the abuse of such high trusts must necessarily arise, because to act by selfish considerations, is in the inherent plan of laws to protect private property."

According to Dewey, "there are those who think the federal and state governments leave too much freedom of independent _______ to industrial and financial groups, and there are others who think the government is going altogether too far at the present time."

Macaulay tells us that "That the people have often abused their power, it must be granted; for they have often sacrificed themselves and their posterity to the wanton will of an individual, and this is the foundation of all the _______________ which have subsisted in society."

According to Appiah, "Once we move from talking of cultures to ___________, whole new kinds of problems come into view."

According to Dewey, "The political and governmental phase of democracy is a means, the best means so far found, for realizing ends that lie in the wide domain of human relationships and the development of human personality. It is, as we often say, though perhaps without appreciating all that is involved in the saying, a ____________, social and individual."

According to Wollstonecraft, "Moralists have unanimously agreed, that unless virtue be nursed by ________, it will never attain due strength."

Explain what Dewey means when he says, "there are those who think the federal and state governments leave too much freedom of independent action to industrial and financial groups, and there are others who think the government is going altogether too far at the present time."

According to Aristotle, "A fear of others is implanted in all men by nature, and yet he who first founded the state was the greatest of benefactors. For man, when perfected, is the best of animals, but, when separated from law and justice, he is the worst of all."

According to Wollstonecraft, "And may I not lay some stress on this fact to prove, that when any power but God's curbs the free spirit of man, dissimulation is practiced, and the various shifts of art are naturally called forth?"

According to Appiah, "To think of a civilization as coherent is to miss the fact that these different values and beliefs are not merely different but actually opposed. Worse, what had been presented as the coherent, unified worldview of a tribal people often turned out, on later inspection, to be merely the ideology of a dominant group or interest."

According to Dewey, "The foundation of democracy is faith in the capacities of human nature; faith in human intelligence and in the power of pooled and well-armed militaries."

According to Locke, "Firstly, there wants an established, settled, __________, received and allowed by common consent to be the standard of right and wrong, and the common measure to decide all controversies between them."

According to Marx and Engels, "the feudal relations of property became no longer compatible with the already developed productive forces; they became so many fetters. They had to be burst asunder; they were burst asunder. Into their place stepped economic stasis, accompanied by a social and political constitution adapted in it, and the economic and political sway of the bourgeois class."

Rorty tells us that, "The cash value of the Christian ideal of universal brotherhood has, for the last two centuries, been the conviction that once science and technology have produced enough wealth-and enlightened, unselfish political initiatives have redistributed it-there will be no one left who is incapable of ..."