Question 1

Androgens are administered prenatally to a female cat. What outcome could be expected?

Accepted Answer

A)  a decrease in active play 
B)  a decrease in aggression 
C)  suppression of maternal caregiving 
D)  an increase in nesting behavior 
A)  a decrease in active play 
B)  a decrease in aggression 
C)  suppression of maternal caregiving 
D)  an increase in nesting behavior

Question 2

Which of the following statements is true about gender-stereotype flexibility?

Accepted Answer

A)  Acknowledging that boys and girls can cross gender lines does not mean that children always approve of doing so. 
B)  Western children are especially tolerant when boys engage in "cross-gender" acts. 
C)  Boys are more likely than girls to engage in "cross-gender" acts. 
D)  Once children are old enough to acknowledge that boys and girls can cross gender lines, they always approve of doing so. 
A)  Acknowledging that boys and girls can cross gender lines does not mean that children always approve of doing so. 
B)  Western children are especially tolerant when boys engage in "cross-gender" acts. 
C)  Boys are more likely than girls to engage in "cross-gender" acts. 
D)  Once children are old enough to acknowledge that boys and girls can cross gender lines, they always approve of doing so.

Question 3

By middle childhood, girls' relational aggression is

Accepted Answer

A)  more malicious than boys'. 
B)  displayed more frequently. 
C)  more likely to be directed at same-sex peers. 
D)  more likely to be directed at other-sex peers. 
A)  more malicious than boys'. 
B)  displayed more frequently. 
C)  more likely to be directed at same-sex peers. 
D)  more likely to be directed at other-sex peers.

Question 4

Haruko scores high on both masculine and feminine personality characteristics. Haruko is displaying

Accepted Answer

A)  a gender stereotype. 
B)  gender-atypicality. 
C)  gender congruence. 
D)  androgyny. 
A)  a gender stereotype. 
B)  gender-atypicality. 
C)  gender congruence. 
D)  androgyny.

Question 5

Girls and women whose prenatal androgen levels were abnormally high show __________ spatial rotation tasks.

Accepted Answer

A)  below-average performance on 
B)  superior performance on 
C)  little interest in 
D)  an inability to comprehend 
A)  below-average performance on 
B)  superior performance on 
C)  little interest in 
D)  an inability to comprehend

Question 6

Research findings suggest that language is __________ teach children about gender stereotypes and gender roles.

Accepted Answer

A)  a powerful indirect means to 
B)  the only method to 
C)  the primary means through which parents 
D)  not a factor in the way that parents 
A)  a powerful indirect means to 
B)  the only method to 
C)  the primary means through which parents 
D)  not a factor in the way that parents

Question 7

__________, not social experience, is largely responsible for young children's difficulty grasping the permanence of sex.

Accepted Answer

A)  Language development 
B)  Cognitive immaturity 
C)  Parenting style 
D)  Exposure to formal education 
A)  Language development 
B)  Cognitive immaturity 
C)  Parenting style 
D)  Exposure to formal education

Question 8

The association of toys, articles of clothing, tools, household items, games, occupations, colors, and behaviors with one sex or the other occurs

Accepted Answer

A)  when children lack access to androgynous role models. 
B)  in elementary school. 
C)  earlier for girls than for boys. 
D)  by the preschool years. 
A)  when children lack access to androgynous role models. 
B)  in elementary school. 
C)  earlier for girls than for boys. 
D)  by the preschool years.

Question 9

Mr. and Mrs. Finis want to reduce gender stereotyping in their 5-year-old twins, Emma and Erik. Mr. and Mrs. Finis should

Accepted Answer

A)  punish Emma and Erik whenever they engage in gender-stereotyped behavior. 
B)  force Emma to play with cars and trucks and force Erik to play with dolls and pretend kitchen toys. 
C)  take turns making dinner, bathing Emma and Erik, and driving the family car and provide both Emma and Erik with trucks and dolls. 
D)  realize that biological factors are largely responsible for gender stereotyping and accept their children's gender-typed behavior and preferences. 
A)  punish Emma and Erik whenever they engage in gender-stereotyped behavior. 
B)  force Emma to play with cars and trucks and force Erik to play with dolls and pretend kitchen toys. 
C)  take turns making dinner, bathing Emma and Erik, and driving the family car and provide both Emma and Erik with trucks and dolls. 
D)  realize that biological factors are largely responsible for gender stereotyping and accept their children's gender-typed behavior and preferences.

Question 10

__________ causes girls to do worse than their abilities allow on difficult math problems.

Accepted Answer

A)  Peer pressure 
B)  Stereotype threat 
C)  Inferior spatial reasoning 
D)  Lack of high-quality instruction 
A)  Peer pressure 
B)  Stereotype threat 
C)  Inferior spatial reasoning 
D)  Lack of high-quality instruction

Question 11

Research in many countries reveals that stereotyping of personality traits becomes adultlike around age _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  3 
B)  6 
C)  11 
D)  15 
A)  3 
B)  6 
C)  11 
D)  15

Question 12

Six-year-old Qualo frequently crosses gender lines, preferring to play with dolls than cars or trucks. How will Qualo's peers likely respond to his behavior?

Accepted Answer

A)  Girls will be more critical of Qualo's behavior than boys. 
B)  Boys will try to find common interests with Qualo so everyone can play together. 
C)  Even if Qualo does engage in "masculine" activities, he will be ostracized by other boys. 
D)  Boys will defend Qualo's right to play with dolls instead of cars or trucks. 
A)  Girls will be more critical of Qualo's behavior than boys. 
B)  Boys will try to find common interests with Qualo so everyone can play together. 
C)  Even if Qualo does engage in "masculine" activities, he will be ostracized by other boys. 
D)  Boys will defend Qualo's right to play with dolls instead of cars or trucks.

Question 13

Two 15-year-olds, Jeremy and Jennifer, take a mathematics test. Jeremy will probably perform significantly better than Jennifer on which subtest?

Accepted Answer

A)  complex reasoning 
B)  basic math knowledge 
C)  computational skills 
D)  mathematical calculation 
A)  complex reasoning 
B)  basic math knowledge 
C)  computational skills 
D)  mathematical calculation

Question 14

A parent who uses imperatives and specific suggestions in everyday life is most likely the parent of a

Accepted Answer

A)  son. 
B)  teenager. 
C)  daughter. 
D)  son and a daughter. 
A)  son. 
B)  teenager. 
C)  daughter. 
D)  son and a daughter.

Question 15

In a study of mother-child conversations, mothers who overwhelmingly believed in gender equality

Accepted Answer

A)  had children who displayed fewer generic utterances than mothers who were gender stereotyped. 
B)  purposely worked to instill those ideas in their children while reading storybooks. 
C)  frequently affirmed children's stereotypical comments about gender. 
D)  had children who displayed fewer gender-stereotyped comments in conversations with their peers. 
A)  had children who displayed fewer generic utterances than mothers who were gender stereotyped. 
B)  purposely worked to instill those ideas in their children while reading storybooks. 
C)  frequently affirmed children's stereotypical comments about gender. 
D)  had children who displayed fewer gender-stereotyped comments in conversations with their peers.

Question 16

According to a British study on siblings and gender typing, which of the following children is likely to be the most gender-typed?

Accepted Answer

A)  David, who has an older brother 
B)  Devon, who has no siblings 
C)  Debbie, who has an older brother 
D)  Daniel, who has an older sister 
A)  David, who has an older brother 
B)  Devon, who has no siblings 
C)  Debbie, who has an older brother 
D)  Daniel, who has an older sister

Question 17

Findings on the use of relational aggression among girls reveal that

Accepted Answer

A)  they tend to use physical aggression first, and follow up with a relational approach. 
B)  unlike physical aggression, it is rarely hurtful to the victim. 
C)  they may use it to protect their status in the social hierarchy. 
D)  girls with high levels of prenatal androgens engage in higher levels of relational aggression. 
A)  they tend to use physical aggression first, and follow up with a relational approach. 
B)  unlike physical aggression, it is rarely hurtful to the victim. 
C)  they may use it to protect their status in the social hierarchy. 
D)  girls with high levels of prenatal androgens engage in higher levels of relational aggression.

Question 18

__________ reveal(s) that most aspects of gender typing are not built into human nature.

Accepted Answer

A)  Growing numbers of children who score high in androgyny 
B)  Physiological research with humans and primates 
C)  Observations of infants and toddlers 
D)  Substantial revisions in gender roles 
A)  Growing numbers of children who score high in androgyny 
B)  Physiological research with humans and primates 
C)  Observations of infants and toddlers 
D)  Substantial revisions in gender roles

Question 19

Describe instrumental traits and expressive traits, including how they contribute to our views about what is "feminine" and "masculine."

Accepted Answer

When asked what personality characterist

Question 20

__________ is the only emotion that males express more freely than females in everyday interaction.

Accepted Answer

A)  Sorrow 
B)  Anger 
C)  Embarrassment 
D)  Envy 
A)  Sorrow 
B)  Anger 
C)  Embarrassment 
D)  Envy

Androgens are administered prenatally to a female cat. What outcome could be expected?

Which of the following statements is true about gender-stereotype flexibility?

By middle childhood, girls' relational aggression is

Haruko scores high on both masculine and feminine personality characteristics. Haruko is displaying

Girls and women whose prenatal androgen levels were abnormally high show __________ spatial rotation tasks.

Research findings suggest that language is __________ teach children about gender stereotypes and gender roles.

__________, not social experience, is largely responsible for young children's difficulty grasping the permanence of sex.

The association of toys, articles of clothing, tools, household items, games, occupations, colors, and behaviors with one sex or the other occurs

Mr. and Mrs. Finis want to reduce gender stereotyping in their 5-year-old twins, Emma and Erik. Mr. and Mrs. Finis should

__________ causes girls to do worse than their abilities allow on difficult math problems.

Research in many countries reveals that stereotyping of personality traits becomes adultlike around age _____.

Six-year-old Qualo frequently crosses gender lines, preferring to play with dolls than cars or trucks. How will Qualo's peers likely respond to his behavior?

Two 15-year-olds, Jeremy and Jennifer, take a mathematics test. Jeremy will probably perform significantly better than Jennifer on which subtest?

A parent who uses imperatives and specific suggestions in everyday life is most likely the parent of a

In a study of mother-child conversations, mothers who overwhelmingly believed in gender equality

According to a British study on siblings and gender typing, which of the following children is likely to be the most gender-typed?

Findings on the use of relational aggression among girls reveal that

__________ reveal(s) that most aspects of gender typing are not built into human nature.

Describe instrumental traits and expressive traits, including how they contribute to our views about what is "feminine" and "masculine."

__________ is the only emotion that males express more freely than females in everyday interaction.

History, Theory, and Applied Directions

Research Strategies

Biological Foundations, Prenatal Development, and Birth

Infancy: Early Learning, Motor Skills, and Perceptual Capacities

Physical Growth

Cognitive Development: Piagetian, Core Knowledge, and Vygotskian Perspectives

Cognitive Development: an Information-Processing Perspective

Intelligence

Language Development

Emotional Development

Self and Social Understanding

Moral Development

The Family

Peers, Media, and Schooling

Filters

Exam 13: Development of Sex Differences and Gender Roles

Androgens are administered prenatally to a female cat. What outcome could be expected?

Which of the following statements is true about gender-stereotype flexibility?

By middle childhood, girls' relational aggression is

Haruko scores high on both masculine and feminine personality characteristics. Haruko is displaying

Girls and women whose prenatal androgen levels were abnormally high show __________ spatial rotation tasks.

Research findings suggest that language is __________ teach children about gender stereotypes and gender roles.

__________, not social experience, is largely responsible for young children's difficulty grasping the permanence of sex.

The association of toys, articles of clothing, tools, household items, games, occupations, colors, and behaviors with one sex or the other occurs

Mr. and Mrs. Finis want to reduce gender stereotyping in their 5-year-old twins, Emma and Erik. Mr. and Mrs. Finis should

__________ causes girls to do worse than their abilities allow on difficult math problems.

Research in many countries reveals that stereotyping of personality traits becomes adultlike around age _____.

Six-year-old Qualo frequently crosses gender lines, preferring to play with dolls than cars or trucks. How will Qualo's peers likely respond to his behavior?

Two 15-year-olds, Jeremy and Jennifer, take a mathematics test. Jeremy will probably perform significantly better than Jennifer on which subtest?

A parent who uses imperatives and specific suggestions in everyday life is most likely the parent of a

In a study of mother-child conversations, mothers who overwhelmingly believed in gender equality

According to a British study on siblings and gender typing, which of the following children is likely to be the most gender-typed?

Findings on the use of relational aggression among girls reveal that

__________ reveal(s) that most aspects of gender typing are not built into human nature.

Describe instrumental traits and expressive traits, including how they contribute to our views about what is "feminine" and "masculine."

__________ is the only emotion that males express more freely than females in everyday interaction.

History, Theory, and Applied Directions

Research Strategies

Biological Foundations, Prenatal Development, and Birth

Infancy: Early Learning, Motor Skills, and Perceptual Capacities

Physical Growth

Cognitive Development: Piagetian, Core Knowledge, and Vygotskian Perspectives

Cognitive Development: an Information-Processing Perspective

Intelligence

Language Development

Emotional Development

Self and Social Understanding

Moral Development

The Family

Peers, Media, and Schooling

Filters