Question 1

If 9-year-old Carlos is a gender-aschematic child, he will

Accepted Answer

A)  always view the world in gender-linked terms. 
B)  prefer "feminine" toys over "masculine" toys. 
C)  prefer "masculine" toys over "feminine" toys. 
D)  seldom view the world in gender-linked terms. 
A)  always view the world in gender-linked terms. 
B)  prefer "feminine" toys over "masculine" toys. 
C)  prefer "masculine" toys over "feminine" toys. 
D)  seldom view the world in gender-linked terms.

Question 2

At age 6, Edda understands that a person's sex remains constant, even if that person dresses in "cross-gender" clothes or engages in nontraditional activities. Edda is in which stage of gender-constancy development?

Accepted Answer

A)  androgyny 
B)  gender stability 
C)  gender consistency 
D)  gender labeling 
A)  androgyny 
B)  gender stability 
C)  gender consistency 
D)  gender labeling

Question 3

Why is it difficult for adults to modify gender stereotyping that occurs within children's peer groups?

Accepted Answer

A)  Gender-typed remarks are inevitable in both boys and girls. 
B)  Biological sex is a legitimate basis for limiting individual roles and behaviors within peer groups. 
C)  Children's sexist statements often occur out of adults' earshot. 
D)  Children are too confused by behaviors that fall outside of traditional gender roles. 
A)  Gender-typed remarks are inevitable in both boys and girls. 
B)  Biological sex is a legitimate basis for limiting individual roles and behaviors within peer groups. 
C)  Children's sexist statements often occur out of adults' earshot. 
D)  Children are too confused by behaviors that fall outside of traditional gender roles.

Question 4

By late childhood and early adolescence,

Accepted Answer

A)  boys outperform girls on math achievement tests. 
B)  girls outperform boys on math achievement tests. 
C)  boys and girls perform similarly on math achievement tests. 
D)  girls are slightly advantaged in counting and arithmetic computation. 
A)  boys outperform girls on math achievement tests. 
B)  girls outperform boys on math achievement tests. 
C)  boys and girls perform similarly on math achievement tests. 
D)  girls are slightly advantaged in counting and arithmetic computation.

Question 5

To encourage fathers to take more responsibility for child rearing, Sweden has instituted

Accepted Answer

A)  "daddy day care." 
B)  "daddy leave." 
C)  "daddy-months." 
D)  "daddy time." 
A)  "daddy day care." 
B)  "daddy leave." 
C)  "daddy-months." 
D)  "daddy time."

Question 6

Which of the following statements is true regarding differential treatment of boys and girls by teachers?

Accepted Answer

A)  Teachers give more overall attention to boys than to girls. 
B)  Teachers tend to praise girls more for their academic knowledge. 
C)  Teachers discourage unruliness more frequently and forcefully with girls. 
D)  When boys misbehave, teachers are more likely to negotiate. 
A)  Teachers give more overall attention to boys than to girls. 
B)  Teachers tend to praise girls more for their academic knowledge. 
C)  Teachers discourage unruliness more frequently and forcefully with girls. 
D)  When boys misbehave, teachers are more likely to negotiate.

Question 7

Children's knowledge of personality trait stereotypes is first acquired through

Accepted Answer

A)  in-group favoritism. 
B)  out-group favoritism 
C)  interactions with other-sex peers. 
D)  interactions with same-sex siblings. 
A)  in-group favoritism. 
B)  out-group favoritism 
C)  interactions with other-sex peers. 
D)  interactions with same-sex siblings.

Question 8

In one study, investigators had 10- and 13-year-olds and their mothers and fathers choose courses for the children to take when they reached secondary school. Results showed that parents selected more __________ courses for daughters and more __________ courses for sons.

Accepted Answer

A)  language arts; science 
B)  math; science 
C)  science; social studies 
D)  language arts; math 
A)  language arts; science 
B)  math; science 
C)  science; social studies 
D)  language arts; math

Question 9

Eight-year-old Jasmine's parents grant her little autonomy. This could cause Jasmine to

Accepted Answer

A)  feel very safe, secure, and protected. 
B)  become rebellious and defiant. 
C)  develop feelings of incompetence. 
D)  have an overly inflated ego. 
A)  feel very safe, secure, and protected. 
B)  become rebellious and defiant. 
C)  develop feelings of incompetence. 
D)  have an overly inflated ego.

Question 10

Deena understands that a person's sex remains the same even if clothing, hairstyle, and activities change. Deena is demonstrating an understanding of gender

Accepted Answer

A)  labeling. 
B)  constancy. 
C)  stability. 
D)  consistency. 
A)  labeling. 
B)  constancy. 
C)  stability. 
D)  consistency.

Question 11

Describe the ways in which observational learning affects how children view gender roles.

Accepted Answer

Numerous gender-typed models are availab

Question 12

In both Asian and Western nations,

Accepted Answer

A)  boys and girls feel equally competent at math, science, and language arts. 
B)  although girls outperform boys at language arts, they feel less competent about their performance in these subjects. 
C)  although boys outperform girls at math and science, they feel less competent about their performance in these subjects. 
D)  boys tend to feel more competent than girls at math, science, and athletics, and girls feel more competent than boys at language arts. 
A)  boys and girls feel equally competent at math, science, and language arts. 
B)  although girls outperform boys at language arts, they feel less competent about their performance in these subjects. 
C)  although boys outperform girls at math and science, they feel less competent about their performance in these subjects. 
D)  boys tend to feel more competent than girls at math, science, and athletics, and girls feel more competent than boys at language arts.

Question 13

According to social learning theory, __________ comes before __________ in the development of gender identity.

Accepted Answer

A)  behavior; self-perception 
B)  behavior; gender labeling 
C)  self-perception; behavior 
D)  gender constancy; gender disposition 
A)  behavior; self-perception 
B)  behavior; gender labeling 
C)  self-perception; behavior 
D)  gender constancy; gender disposition

Question 14

Mrs. Hung believes that her daughter Yuri is very competent at math. Mrs. Hopper believes that her daughter Shayla lacks competence at math. Which of the following statements about Yuri and Shayla is probably true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Neither Yuri nor Shayla will perceive herself as competent at math. 
B)  Shayla will work harder than Yuri to improve her math performance. 
C)  Yuri is more likely than Shayla to choose a physical science career. 
D)  Shayla is more likely than Yuri to choose a physical science career. 
A)  Neither Yuri nor Shayla will perceive herself as competent at math. 
B)  Shayla will work harder than Yuri to improve her math performance. 
C)  Yuri is more likely than Shayla to choose a physical science career. 
D)  Shayla is more likely than Yuri to choose a physical science career.

Question 15

Explain the observed differences in the emotional sensitivity of girls and boys.

Accepted Answer

Females are more emotional sensitive tha

Question 16

Which of the following is believed to be a major contributor to a widening gender gap in college enrollments?

Accepted Answer

A)  differences in male and female science skills 
B)  later maturity of females' cerebral cortex 
C)  differences in male and female literacy skills 
D)  advances in female mathematical abilities 
A)  differences in male and female science skills 
B)  later maturity of females' cerebral cortex 
C)  differences in male and female literacy skills 
D)  advances in female mathematical abilities

Question 17

Cite at least five ways to reduce children's gender stereotyping and gender-role conformity.

Accepted Answer

Strategies for reducing gender stereotyp

Question 18

Parents tend to be especially committed to ensuring the gender typing of

Accepted Answer

A)  sons more so than daughters. 
B)  children of the other sex from themselves. 
C)  children of their own sex. 
D)  daughters more so than sons. 
A)  sons more so than daughters. 
B)  children of the other sex from themselves. 
C)  children of their own sex. 
D)  daughters more so than sons.

Question 19

According to an evolutionary perspective, the adult life of our male ancestors was largely oriented toward

Accepted Answer

A)  competing for mates. 
B)  hunting for food. 
C)  protecting the clan. 
D)  child rearing. 
A)  competing for mates. 
B)  hunting for food. 
C)  protecting the clan. 
D)  child rearing.

Question 20

Peter is a Swedish adolescent. He is likely to view gender roles as a

Accepted Answer

A)  development of inborn traits. 
B)  set of rights or duties of each sex. 
C)  set of highly fluid, ill-defined concepts. 
D)  matter of learned tasks and domain of expertise. 
A)  development of inborn traits. 
B)  set of rights or duties of each sex. 
C)  set of highly fluid, ill-defined concepts. 
D)  matter of learned tasks and domain of expertise.

If 9-year-old Carlos is a gender-aschematic child, he will

At age 6, Edda understands that a person's sex remains constant, even if that person dresses in "cross-gender" clothes or engages in nontraditional activities. Edda is in which stage of gender-constancy development?

Why is it difficult for adults to modify gender stereotyping that occurs within children's peer groups?

By late childhood and early adolescence,

To encourage fathers to take more responsibility for child rearing, Sweden has instituted

Which of the following statements is true regarding differential treatment of boys and girls by teachers?

Children's knowledge of personality trait stereotypes is first acquired through

In one study, investigators had 10- and 13-year-olds and their mothers and fathers choose courses for the children to take when they reached secondary school. Results showed that parents selected more courses for daughters and more courses for sons.

Eight-year-old Jasmine's parents grant her little autonomy. This could cause Jasmine to

Deena understands that a person's sex remains the same even if clothing, hairstyle, and activities change. Deena is demonstrating an understanding of gender

Describe the ways in which observational learning affects how children view gender roles.

In both Asian and Western nations,

According to social learning theory, comes before in the development of gender identity.

Mrs. Hung believes that her daughter Yuri is very competent at math. Mrs. Hopper believes that her daughter Shayla lacks competence at math. Which of the following statements about Yuri and Shayla is probably true?

Explain the observed differences in the emotional sensitivity of girls and boys.

Which of the following is believed to be a major contributor to a widening gender gap in college enrollments?

Cite at least five ways to reduce children's gender stereotyping and gender-role conformity.

Parents tend to be especially committed to ensuring the gender typing of

According to an evolutionary perspective, the adult life of our male ancestors was largely oriented toward

Peter is a Swedish adolescent. He is likely to view gender roles as a

History, Theory, and Applied Directions

Research Strategies

Biological Foundations, Prenatal Development, and Birth

Infancy: Early Learning, Motor Skills, and Perceptual Capacities

Physical Growth

Cognitive Development: Piagetian, Core Knowledge, and Vygotskian Perspectives

Cognitive Development: an Information-Processing Perspective

Intelligence

Language Development

Emotional Development

Self and Social Understanding

Moral Development

The Family

Peers, Media, and Schooling

Filters

Exam 13: Development of Sex Differences and Gender Roles

If 9-year-old Carlos is a gender-aschematic child, he will

At age 6, Edda understands that a person's sex remains constant, even if that person dresses in "cross-gender" clothes or engages in nontraditional activities. Edda is in which stage of gender-constancy development?

Why is it difficult for adults to modify gender stereotyping that occurs within children's peer groups?

By late childhood and early adolescence,

To encourage fathers to take more responsibility for child rearing, Sweden has instituted

Which of the following statements is true regarding differential treatment of boys and girls by teachers?

Children's knowledge of personality trait stereotypes is first acquired through

In one study, investigators had 10- and 13-year-olds and their mothers and fathers choose courses for the children to take when they reached secondary school. Results showed that parents selected more __________ courses for daughters and more __________ courses for sons.

Eight-year-old Jasmine's parents grant her little autonomy. This could cause Jasmine to

Deena understands that a person's sex remains the same even if clothing, hairstyle, and activities change. Deena is demonstrating an understanding of gender

Describe the ways in which observational learning affects how children view gender roles.

In both Asian and Western nations,

According to social learning theory, __________ comes before __________ in the development of gender identity.

Mrs. Hung believes that her daughter Yuri is very competent at math. Mrs. Hopper believes that her daughter Shayla lacks competence at math. Which of the following statements about Yuri and Shayla is probably true?

Explain the observed differences in the emotional sensitivity of girls and boys.

Which of the following is believed to be a major contributor to a widening gender gap in college enrollments?

Cite at least five ways to reduce children's gender stereotyping and gender-role conformity.

Parents tend to be especially committed to ensuring the gender typing of

According to an evolutionary perspective, the adult life of our male ancestors was largely oriented toward

Peter is a Swedish adolescent. He is likely to view gender roles as a

History, Theory, and Applied Directions

Research Strategies

Biological Foundations, Prenatal Development, and Birth

Infancy: Early Learning, Motor Skills, and Perceptual Capacities

Physical Growth

Cognitive Development: Piagetian, Core Knowledge, and Vygotskian Perspectives

Cognitive Development: an Information-Processing Perspective

Intelligence

Language Development

Emotional Development

Self and Social Understanding

Moral Development

The Family

Peers, Media, and Schooling

Filters

In one study, investigators had 10- and 13-year-olds and their mothers and fathers choose courses for the children to take when they reached secondary school. Results showed that parents selected more courses for daughters and more courses for sons.

According to social learning theory, comes before in the development of gender identity.