Question 1

Research has shown that Broca's and Wernicke's areas of the brain

Accepted Answer

A)  are not solely responsible for specific language functions. 
B)  are solely responsible for language comprehension. 
C)  cease functioning when the left hemisphere of the cerebral cortex sustains damage. 
D)  help to support language plasticity in the cerebral cortex. 
A)  are not solely responsible for specific language functions. 
B)  are solely responsible for language comprehension. 
C)  cease functioning when the left hemisphere of the cerebral cortex sustains damage. 
D)  help to support language plasticity in the cerebral cortex.

Question 2

As he prepares for college, 17-year-old Dylan wants to improve his vocabulary and understanding of figurative language. Dylan should

Accepted Answer

A)  read a wide variety of adult literary works. 
B)  work with a study group. 
C)  engage in extensive conversations with adults. 
D)  enroll in a foreign-language class. 
A)  read a wide variety of adult literary works. 
B)  work with a study group. 
C)  engage in extensive conversations with adults. 
D)  enroll in a foreign-language class.

Question 3

Bilingual preschoolers

Accepted Answer

A)  are usually delayed in one or both languages. 
B)  often have poor phonological processing skills. 
C)  rarely mix the two languages in their everyday speech. 
D)  can acquire good-to-native ability in a second language, depending on their exposure to it. 
A)  are usually delayed in one or both languages. 
B)  often have poor phonological processing skills. 
C)  rarely mix the two languages in their everyday speech. 
D)  can acquire good-to-native ability in a second language, depending on their exposure to it.

Question 4

Before children can combine words and modify them in meaningful ways, they must

Accepted Answer

A)  have begun the mastery of vocabulary. 
B)  master their culture's narrative mode. 
C)  understand the guidelines for effective conversation. 
D)  figure out how gestures, tone of voice, and context clarify meaning. 
A)  have begun the mastery of vocabulary. 
B)  master their culture's narrative mode. 
C)  understand the guidelines for effective conversation. 
D)  figure out how gestures, tone of voice, and context clarify meaning.

Question 5

Ms. Varria holds up a particularly curly French fry and says, "Wow! This is a corkscrew fry!" Four-year-old Danita points to a little girl with curly hair and says, "Corkscrew hair!" Danita is using __________ to decipher the meaning of corkscrew.

Accepted Answer

A)  fast-mapping 
B)  syntactic bootstrapping 
C)  the principle of mutual exclusivity 
D)  telegraphic speech 
A)  fast-mapping 
B)  syntactic bootstrapping 
C)  the principle of mutual exclusivity 
D)  telegraphic speech

Question 6

Research shows that children who become fluent in two languages

Accepted Answer

A)  often receive support for their native language in school. 
B)  are advanced in cognitive development. 
C)  can acquire normal native ability in only one language. 
D)  often show serious metalinguistic deficits. 
A)  often receive support for their native language in school. 
B)  are advanced in cognitive development. 
C)  can acquire normal native ability in only one language. 
D)  often show serious metalinguistic deficits.

Question 7

The language abilities of individuals with Williams syndrome

Accepted Answer

A)  are evidence that language is controlled by an innate LAD. 
B)  are not impaired in any significant ways. 
C)  indicate that language is not separate from other human mental abilities. 
D)  are very weakly correlated with working-memory capacity. 
A)  are evidence that language is controlled by an innate LAD. 
B)  are not impaired in any significant ways. 
C)  indicate that language is not separate from other human mental abilities. 
D)  are very weakly correlated with working-memory capacity.

Question 8

Language areas in the cerebral cortex

Accepted Answer

A)  are found exclusively in the left hemisphere. 
B)  are fully lateralized at birth. 
C)  develop as children acquire language. 
D)  are not fully functional until adulthood. 
A)  are found exclusively in the left hemisphere. 
B)  are fully lateralized at birth. 
C)  develop as children acquire language. 
D)  are not fully functional until adulthood.

Question 9

Tyrone groups words with agent qualities as subjects and words with action qualities as verbs. He then merges these categories into sentences. Tyrone is demonstrating

Accepted Answer

A)  semantic bootstrapping. 
B)  syntactic bootstrapping. 
C)  telegraphic speech. 
D)  semantic complexity. 
A)  semantic bootstrapping. 
B)  syntactic bootstrapping. 
C)  telegraphic speech. 
D)  semantic complexity.

Question 10

Describe the nativist and interactionist perspectives of language development.

Accepted Answer

Linguist Noam Chomsky proposed a nativis

Question 11

__________ strongly predict(s) reading progress in young children.

Accepted Answer

A)  Phonological awareness 
B)  Telegraphic speech 
C)  Illocutionary content 
D)  Referential communication skills 
A)  Phonological awareness 
B)  Telegraphic speech 
C)  Illocutionary content 
D)  Referential communication skills

Question 12

Which of the following statements is true regarding homesign?

Accepted Answer

A)  Children who use homesign reach language milestones at the same rate as hearing children. 
B)  Children typically pick up the homesign gesture system from their parents. 
C)  Homesign does not follow any basic grammatical rules. 
D)  Homesign is used for the same diverse purposes as any language. 
A)  Children who use homesign reach language milestones at the same rate as hearing children. 
B)  Children typically pick up the homesign gesture system from their parents. 
C)  Homesign does not follow any basic grammatical rules. 
D)  Homesign is used for the same diverse purposes as any language.

Question 13

Summarize current theoretical views on how children acquire grammar.

Accepted Answer

Evidence that grammatical development is

Question 14

Chomsky's language acquisition device (LAD) refers to

Accepted Answer

A)  instructional techniques for children with speech and language delays. 
B)  speech programs that parents can use to teach their children grammatical rules. 
C)  computer programs that attempt to generate the linguistic rules that are needed for language acquisition. 
D)  an innate system that permits children to combine words into grammatically consistent, novel utterances. 
A)  instructional techniques for children with speech and language delays. 
B)  speech programs that parents can use to teach their children grammatical rules. 
C)  computer programs that attempt to generate the linguistic rules that are needed for language acquisition. 
D)  an innate system that permits children to combine words into grammatically consistent, novel utterances.

Question 15

Reuben is a young child with a language impairment. He has difficulty expressing concepts using words and word combinations. Reuben has problems with

Accepted Answer

A)  grammar. 
B)  pragmatics. 
C)  semantics. 
D)  phonology. 
A)  grammar. 
B)  pragmatics. 
C)  semantics. 
D)  phonology.

Question 16

Phonological development is largely complete by age

Accepted Answer

A)  3. 
B)  5. 
C)  7. 
D)  8. 
A)  3. 
B)  5. 
C)  7. 
D)  8.

Question 17

Which of the following findings raises doubt about Chomsky's assumption that grammatical knowledge is innately determined?

Accepted Answer

A)  Adults and adolescents have more difficulty acquiring a second language than young children. 
B)  Complete mastery of some grammatical forms is not achieved until well into middle childhood. 
C)  Chimpanzees learn to communicate through sign language and symbols. 
D)  As children acquire language, the brain becomes increasingly specialized for language processing. 
A)  Adults and adolescents have more difficulty acquiring a second language than young children. 
B)  Complete mastery of some grammatical forms is not achieved until well into middle childhood. 
C)  Chimpanzees learn to communicate through sign language and symbols. 
D)  As children acquire language, the brain becomes increasingly specialized for language processing.

Question 18

Baby Rosalita, born to English-speaking parents, is able to differentiate between the soft "p" and sharp "p" phonemes used to distinguish meaning in the Thai language. Her parents perceive both sounds as identical. Rosalita's parents are exhibiting

Accepted Answer

A)  categorical speech perception. 
B)  semantic bootstrapping. 
C)  referential communication. 
D)  overregularization. 
A)  categorical speech perception. 
B)  semantic bootstrapping. 
C)  referential communication. 
D)  overregularization.

Question 19

Which of the following grammatical morphemes is acquired earliest by English-speaking children?

Accepted Answer

A)  noun possessive (Mary's cat) 
B)  verb present progressive ending (Laura jumping) 
C)  noun plural (Boys) 
D)  verb regular past tense ending (She spilled) 
A)  noun possessive (Mary's cat) 
B)  verb present progressive ending (Laura jumping) 
C)  noun plural (Boys) 
D)  verb regular past tense ending (She spilled)

Question 20

According to the social interactionist perspective, __________, __________, and __________ combine to help children discover the functions and regularities of language.

Accepted Answer

A)  positive social interactions; a strong sense of self; an understanding of abstract concepts 
B)  cognitive ability; physical ability; enthusiasm for learning 
C)  native capacity; a strong desire to understand others and be understood by them; a rich language environment 
D)  the ability to imitate; recognize rules; recognize patterns 
A)  positive social interactions; a strong sense of self; an understanding of abstract concepts 
B)  cognitive ability; physical ability; enthusiasm for learning 
C)  native capacity; a strong desire to understand others and be understood by them; a rich language environment 
D)  the ability to imitate; recognize rules; recognize patterns

Research has shown that Broca's and Wernicke's areas of the brain

As he prepares for college, 17-year-old Dylan wants to improve his vocabulary and understanding of figurative language. Dylan should

Bilingual preschoolers

Before children can combine words and modify them in meaningful ways, they must

Ms. Varria holds up a particularly curly French fry and says, "Wow! This is a corkscrew fry!" Four-year-old Danita points to a little girl with curly hair and says, "Corkscrew hair!" Danita is using __________ to decipher the meaning of corkscrew.

Research shows that children who become fluent in two languages

The language abilities of individuals with Williams syndrome

Language areas in the cerebral cortex

Tyrone groups words with agent qualities as subjects and words with action qualities as verbs. He then merges these categories into sentences. Tyrone is demonstrating

Describe the nativist and interactionist perspectives of language development.

__________ strongly predict(s) reading progress in young children.

Which of the following statements is true regarding homesign?

Summarize current theoretical views on how children acquire grammar.

Chomsky's language acquisition device (LAD) refers to

Reuben is a young child with a language impairment. He has difficulty expressing concepts using words and word combinations. Reuben has problems with

Phonological development is largely complete by age

Which of the following findings raises doubt about Chomsky's assumption that grammatical knowledge is innately determined?

Baby Rosalita, born to English-speaking parents, is able to differentiate between the soft "p" and sharp "p" phonemes used to distinguish meaning in the Thai language. Her parents perceive both sounds as identical. Rosalita's parents are exhibiting

Which of the following grammatical morphemes is acquired earliest by English-speaking children?

According to the social interactionist perspective, , , and __ combine to help children discover the functions and regularities of language.

History, Theory, and Applied Directions

Research Strategies

Biological Foundations, Prenatal Development, and Birth

Infancy: Early Learning, Motor Skills, and Perceptual Capacities

Physical Growth

Cognitive Development: Piagetian, Core Knowledge, and Vygotskian Perspectives

Cognitive Development: an Information-Processing Perspective

Intelligence

Emotional Development

Self and Social Understanding

Moral Development

Development of Sex Differences and Gender Roles

The Family

Peers, Media, and Schooling

Filters

Exam 9: Language Development

Research has shown that Broca's and Wernicke's areas of the brain

As he prepares for college, 17-year-old Dylan wants to improve his vocabulary and understanding of figurative language. Dylan should

Bilingual preschoolers

Before children can combine words and modify them in meaningful ways, they must

Ms. Varria holds up a particularly curly French fry and says, "Wow! This is a corkscrew fry!" Four-year-old Danita points to a little girl with curly hair and says, "Corkscrew hair!" Danita is using __________ to decipher the meaning of corkscrew.

Research shows that children who become fluent in two languages

The language abilities of individuals with Williams syndrome

Language areas in the cerebral cortex

Tyrone groups words with agent qualities as subjects and words with action qualities as verbs. He then merges these categories into sentences. Tyrone is demonstrating

Describe the nativist and interactionist perspectives of language development.

__________ strongly predict(s) reading progress in young children.

Which of the following statements is true regarding homesign?

Summarize current theoretical views on how children acquire grammar.

Chomsky's language acquisition device (LAD) refers to

Reuben is a young child with a language impairment. He has difficulty expressing concepts using words and word combinations. Reuben has problems with

Phonological development is largely complete by age

Which of the following findings raises doubt about Chomsky's assumption that grammatical knowledge is innately determined?

Baby Rosalita, born to English-speaking parents, is able to differentiate between the soft "p" and sharp "p" phonemes used to distinguish meaning in the Thai language. Her parents perceive both sounds as identical. Rosalita's parents are exhibiting

Which of the following grammatical morphemes is acquired earliest by English-speaking children?

According to the social interactionist perspective, __________, __________, and __________ combine to help children discover the functions and regularities of language.

History, Theory, and Applied Directions

Research Strategies

Biological Foundations, Prenatal Development, and Birth

Infancy: Early Learning, Motor Skills, and Perceptual Capacities

Physical Growth

Cognitive Development: Piagetian, Core Knowledge, and Vygotskian Perspectives

Cognitive Development: an Information-Processing Perspective

Intelligence

Emotional Development

Self and Social Understanding

Moral Development

Development of Sex Differences and Gender Roles

The Family

Peers, Media, and Schooling

Filters

According to the social interactionist perspective, , , and __ combine to help children discover the functions and regularities of language.