Question 1

A deficiency of vitamin A will lead to night blindness.This is due to ____.

Accepted Answer

A) damage to the retina 
B) inability to produce rhodopsin 
C) damage to the area of the brain that interprets incoming visual signals 
D) damage to the rods 
A) damage to the retina 
B) inability to produce rhodopsin 
C) damage to the area of the brain that interprets incoming visual signals 
D) damage to the rods

Question 2

Immediately following a balanced meal that contained vitamin E (such as fortified milk),where would you most likely find most of the vitamin E in the body?

Accepted Answer

A) in the portal blood as α-tocopherol 
B) inside cells as free α-tocopherol 
C) stored in adipose tissue 
D) in chylomicrons in the lymphatic vessels and general circulation 
A) in the portal blood as α-tocopherol 
B) inside cells as free α-tocopherol 
C) stored in adipose tissue 
D) in chylomicrons in the lymphatic vessels and general circulation

Question 3

How will retinol,once secreted from the liver,be found in the blood?

Accepted Answer

A) attached to RBP and transthyretin 
B) attached to albumin 
C) attached to a chylomicron 
D) attached to RBP and stellate cells 
A) attached to RBP and transthyretin 
B) attached to albumin 
C) attached to a chylomicron 
D) attached to RBP and stellate cells

Question 4

The vitamin D response element (VDRE)is found ____.

Accepted Answer

A) on the enterocyte membrane 
B) on the renal tubule 
C) in the nucleus 
D) in the pancreatic duct cell 
A) on the enterocyte membrane 
B) on the renal tubule 
C) in the nucleus 
D) in the pancreatic duct cell

Question 5

Which vitamin has as its primary function the maintenance of calcium homeostasis?

Accepted Answer

A) A 
B) D 
C) E 
D) K 
A) A 
B) D 
C) E 
D) K

Question 6

Match the factor to its correct action.
-VII

Accepted Answer

A) becomes activated in the presence of thromboplastin 
B) creates insoluble fibrin for final clot formation 
C) converts prothrombin into thrombin 
D) works with factor IXa to activate factor X 
E) activates factor IX" 
A) becomes activated in the presence of thromboplastin 
B) creates insoluble fibrin for final clot formation 
C) converts prothrombin into thrombin 
D) works with factor IXa to activate factor X 
E) activates factor IX"

Question 7

In what cells will you find most of the retinol and vitamin A stored?

Accepted Answer

A) stellate 
B) gallbladder 
C) fundus 
D) antrum 
A) stellate 
B) gallbladder 
C) fundus 
D) antrum

Question 8

Peroxynitrate is a(n)____.

Accepted Answer

A) cation 
B) free radical 
C) anion 
D) antioxidant 
A) cation 
B) free radical 
C) anion 
D) antioxidant

Question 9

The overall efficiency of the formation of retinal from beta-carotene is estimated at approximately what percentage?

Accepted Answer

A) 20% 
B) 35% 
C) 50% 
D) 65% 
A) 20% 
B) 35% 
C) 50% 
D) 65%

Question 10

All of the functions of vitamin A are carried out by retinoic acid via transcriptional mechanisms.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Anticoagulant drugs that act by inhibiting vitamin K activity do so by which mechanism?

Accepted Answer

A) inhibiting the formation of the active form of vitamin K 
B) interfering with micelle formation such that vitamin K is not absorbed 
C) not allowing calcium to interact with Gla residues 
D) stimulating osteocalcin synthesis 
A) inhibiting the formation of the active form of vitamin K 
B) interfering with micelle formation such that vitamin K is not absorbed 
C) not allowing calcium to interact with Gla residues 
D) stimulating osteocalcin synthesis

Question 12

Match the factor to its correct action.
-Xa

Accepted Answer

A) becomes activated in the presence of thromboplastin 
B) creates insoluble fibrin for final clot formation 
C) converts prothrombin into thrombin 
D) works with factor IXa to activate factor X 
E) activates factor IX" 
A) becomes activated in the presence of thromboplastin 
B) creates insoluble fibrin for final clot formation 
C) converts prothrombin into thrombin 
D) works with factor IXa to activate factor X 
E) activates factor IX"

Question 13

Within the nucleus,all trans-retinoic acid and/or 9-cis retinoic acid bind to ____.

Accepted Answer

A) nuclear retinoic acid receptors 
B) mannosylated glycoproteins 
C) cell aggregates 
D) transcription factors 
A) nuclear retinoic acid receptors 
B) mannosylated glycoproteins 
C) cell aggregates 
D) transcription factors

Question 14

A deficiency of vitamin A,in addition to causing visual problems,might also lead to ____.

Accepted Answer

A) muscular problems 
B) cardiovascular disease 
C) impaired height and improperly developed bones 
D) damage to the choroid layer of the eye 
A) muscular problems 
B) cardiovascular disease 
C) impaired height and improperly developed bones 
D) damage to the choroid layer of the eye

Question 15

A deficiency of which vitamin is commonly associated with rickets?

Accepted Answer

A) A 
B) D 
C) E 
D) K 
A) A 
B) D 
C) E 
D) K

Question 16

A good source of vitamin D is milk,because it is fortified with 1,25-(OH)₂-vitamin D₃.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

What is singlet molecular oxygen,how does it form and why is it dangerous? How does vitamin E protect against singlet molecular oxygen?

Accepted Answer

​Grading rubric - answer should include

Question 18

What happens to retinal in the enterocyte?

Accepted Answer

A) It is esterified. 
B) It is reduced to retinol. 
C) It is transported into the portal blood. 
D) 15, 15' dioxygenase acts to form beta-carotene. 
A) It is esterified. 
B) It is reduced to retinol. 
C) It is transported into the portal blood. 
D) 15, 15' dioxygenase acts to form beta-carotene.

Question 19

Which vitamin directs cellular differentiation of epithelial cells?

Accepted Answer

A) riboflavin 
B) vitamin K 
C) vitamin E 
D) vitamin A 
A) riboflavin 
B) vitamin K 
C) vitamin E 
D) vitamin A

Question 20

Imagine you are a nutritionist working in a country other than the United States.Which is an assumption about vitamin D status that is NOT true?

Accepted Answer

A) The latitude makes a difference as regards how much vitamin D can be self-synthesized. 
B) Customs of dress make a difference as regards how much vitamin D can be self-synthesized. 
C) Cow's milk is a reliable source of vitamin D in the food supply. 
D) Skin color makes a difference as regards how much sun is needed to synthesize vitamin D. 
A) The latitude makes a difference as regards how much vitamin D can be self-synthesized. 
B) Customs of dress make a difference as regards how much vitamin D can be self-synthesized. 
C) Cow's milk is a reliable source of vitamin D in the food supply. 
D) Skin color makes a difference as regards how much sun is needed to synthesize vitamin D.

A deficiency of vitamin A will lead to night blindness.This is due to ____.

Immediately following a balanced meal that contained vitamin E (such as fortified milk),where would you most likely find most of the vitamin E in the body?

How will retinol,once secreted from the liver,be found in the blood?

The vitamin D response element (VDRE)is found ____.

Which vitamin has as its primary function the maintenance of calcium homeostasis?

Match the factor to its correct action. -VII

In what cells will you find most of the retinol and vitamin A stored?

Peroxynitrate is a(n)____.

The overall efficiency of the formation of retinal from beta-carotene is estimated at approximately what percentage?

All of the functions of vitamin A are carried out by retinoic acid via transcriptional mechanisms.

Anticoagulant drugs that act by inhibiting vitamin K activity do so by which mechanism?

Match the factor to its correct action. -Xa

Within the nucleus,all trans-retinoic acid and/or 9-cis retinoic acid bind to ____.

A deficiency of vitamin A,in addition to causing visual problems,might also lead to ____.

A deficiency of which vitamin is commonly associated with rickets?

A good source of vitamin D is milk,because it is fortified with 1,25-(OH)₂-vitamin D₃.

What is singlet molecular oxygen,how does it form and why is it dangerous? How does vitamin E protect against singlet molecular oxygen?

What happens to retinal in the enterocyte?

Which vitamin directs cellular differentiation of epithelial cells?

Imagine you are a nutritionist working in a country other than the United States.Which is an assumption about vitamin D status that is NOT true?

The Cell: A Microcosm of Life

The Digestive System: Mechanism for Nourishing the Body

Carbohydrates

Fiber

Lipids

Protein

Integration and Regulation of Metabolism and the Impact of Exercise

Energy Expenditure, Body Composition, and Healthy Weight

Water-Soluble Vitamins

Major Minerals

Water and Electrolytes

Essential Trace and Ultratrace Minerals

Nonessential Trace and Ultratrace Minerals

Filters

Exam 10: Fat-Soluble Vitamins

A deficiency of vitamin A will lead to night blindness.This is due to ____.

Immediately following a balanced meal that contained vitamin E (such as fortified milk),where would you most likely find most of the vitamin E in the body?

How will retinol,once secreted from the liver,be found in the blood?

The vitamin D response element (VDRE)is found ____.

Which vitamin has as its primary function the maintenance of calcium homeostasis?

Match the factor to its correct action. -VII

In what cells will you find most of the retinol and vitamin A stored?

Peroxynitrate is a(n)____.

The overall efficiency of the formation of retinal from beta-carotene is estimated at approximately what percentage?

All of the functions of vitamin A are carried out by retinoic acid via transcriptional mechanisms.

Anticoagulant drugs that act by inhibiting vitamin K activity do so by which mechanism?

Match the factor to its correct action. -Xa

Within the nucleus,all trans-retinoic acid and/or 9-cis retinoic acid bind to ____.

A deficiency of vitamin A,in addition to causing visual problems,might also lead to ____.

A deficiency of which vitamin is commonly associated with rickets?

A good source of vitamin D is milk,because it is fortified with 1,25-(OH)₂-vitamin D₃.

What is singlet molecular oxygen,how does it form and why is it dangerous? How does vitamin E protect against singlet molecular oxygen?

What happens to retinal in the enterocyte?

Which vitamin directs cellular differentiation of epithelial cells?

Imagine you are a nutritionist working in a country other than the United States.Which is an assumption about vitamin D status that is NOT true?

The Cell: A Microcosm of Life

The Digestive System: Mechanism for Nourishing the Body

Carbohydrates

Fiber

Lipids

Protein

Integration and Regulation of Metabolism and the Impact of Exercise

Energy Expenditure, Body Composition, and Healthy Weight

Water-Soluble Vitamins

Major Minerals

Water and Electrolytes

Essential Trace and Ultratrace Minerals

Nonessential Trace and Ultratrace Minerals

Filters