Question 1

The task of individuals, according to Kant, is to grow into moral

Accepted Answer

A)  heteronomy. 
B)  autonomy. 
C)  certitude. 
D)  conservatism. 
A)  heteronomy. 
B)  autonomy. 
C)  certitude. 
D)  conservatism. B

Question 2

Which of the following is the most monistic?

Accepted Answer

A)  Baruch Spinoza 
B)  Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz 
C)  René Descartes 
D)  Immanuel Kant 
A)  Baruch Spinoza 
B)  Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz 
C)  René Descartes 
D)  Immanuel Kant A

Question 3

According to Kant, truly moral actions will be based on our capacity to regard other people as

Accepted Answer

A)  ends rather than means. 
B)  means rather than ends. 
C)  heteronomously determined. 
D)  products of conditioning. 
A)  ends rather than means. 
B)  means rather than ends. 
C)  heteronomously determined. 
D)  products of conditioning. A

Question 4

According to Kant, synthetic a priori truths are

Accepted Answer

A)  informative about the world. 
B)  redundant or trivial. 
C)  uninformative in themselves, but important in formal logic. 
D)  not necessary to the work of empirical science. 
A)  informative about the world. 
B)  redundant or trivial. 
C)  uninformative in themselves, but important in formal logic. 
D)  not necessary to the work of empirical science.

Question 5

Descartes' method was modeled after that of the

Accepted Answer

A)  Greek philosopher Aristotle. 
B)  Greek philosopher Socrates. 
C)  Galen, the Roman physician. 
D)  the work of mathematicians. 
A)  Greek philosopher Aristotle. 
B)  Greek philosopher Socrates. 
C)  Galen, the Roman physician. 
D)  the work of mathematicians.

Question 6

A tautology is an expression that

Accepted Answer

A)  reflects a profound truth. 
B)  is highly insightful. 
C)  is filled with information. 
D)  is redundant or trivial. 
A)  reflects a profound truth. 
B)  is highly insightful. 
C)  is filled with information. 
D)  is redundant or trivial.

Question 7

Herbart believed that a major goal of education should be to

Accepted Answer

A)  build what he called the apperceptive mass. 
B)  focus on drills in order to instill discipline. 
C)  emphasize pure science and pure knowledge and de-emphasize practical applications. 
D)  focus always on concrete facts. 
A)  build what he called the apperceptive mass. 
B)  focus on drills in order to instill discipline. 
C)  emphasize pure science and pure knowledge and de-emphasize practical applications. 
D)  focus always on concrete facts.

Question 8

Descartes _____ reject the results of experiments that ran counter to common-sense.

Accepted Answer

A)  was quick to 
B)  would almost never 
C)  was slow to 
D)  simply did not 
A)  was quick to 
B)  would almost never 
C)  was slow to 
D)  simply did not

Question 9

Reid argued for a number of propositions he called "first principles." Which of the following is an example?

Accepted Answer

A)  To be is to be perceived. 
B)  Those things do really exist which we distinctly perceive by our senses. 
C)  I think, therefore I am. 
D)  Education should build the apperceptive mass. 
A)  To be is to be perceived. 
B)  Those things do really exist which we distinctly perceive by our senses. 
C)  I think, therefore I am. 
D)  Education should build the apperceptive mass.

Question 10

The term rationalism was derived from the Latin _____ which means to _____

Accepted Answer

A)  ration .... conserve. 
B)  ratio .... reason or think. 
C)  ratus .... to define. 
D)  rapidus .... to snatch. 
A)  ration .... conserve. 
B)  ratio .... reason or think. 
C)  ratus .... to define. 
D)  rapidus .... to snatch.

Question 11

The philosopher most clearly associated with so-called commonsense philosophy was

Accepted Answer

A)  David Hume. 
B)  Thomas Reid. 
C)  Johann Friedrich Herbart. 
D)  George Berkeley. 
A)  David Hume. 
B)  Thomas Reid. 
C)  Johann Friedrich Herbart. 
D)  George Berkeley.

Question 12

According to Kant, the _____ world is independent of perception, whereas the _____ world is as it appears to us in experience.

Accepted Answer

A)  noumenal…..phenomenal 
B)  phenomenal…..noumenal 
C)  tautological…..noumenal 
D)  phenomenal…..tautological 
A)  noumenal…..phenomenal 
B)  phenomenal…..noumenal 
C)  tautological…..noumenal 
D)  phenomenal…..tautological

Question 13

The mental realm is always parallel with the physical (neurophysiological) realm. Leibniz explained the perfect
Correspondence of the two realms in terms

Accepted Answer

A)  of their perfect coordination in the pineal gland. 
B)  of the creation of the universe such that there is a pre-established harmony of its individual parts. 
C)  of the harmony of the spheres. 
D)  of the idea that the mental realm is an epiphenomenon and thus not truly independent. 
A)  of their perfect coordination in the pineal gland. 
B)  of the creation of the universe such that there is a pre-established harmony of its individual parts. 
C)  of the harmony of the spheres. 
D)  of the idea that the mental realm is an epiphenomenon and thus not truly independent.

Question 14

According to Herbart, humans are unique from the rest of the animal kingdom because they possess

Accepted Answer

A)  apperception 
B)  mathematics 
C)  language 
D)  souls 
A)  apperception 
B)  mathematics 
C)  language 
D)  souls

Question 15

Rationalism is to empiricism as _____ is to _____ .

Accepted Answer

A)  deduction .... induction 
B)  induction .... deduction 
C)  a posteriori knowledge .... a priori knowledge 
D)  passive mind .... active mind 
A)  deduction .... induction 
B)  induction .... deduction 
C)  a posteriori knowledge .... a priori knowledge 
D)  passive mind .... active mind

Question 16

_____ argued against the metaphysical basis of demonology and thus figured in humanitarian reform in the
Treatment of people with mental illnesses.

Accepted Answer

A)  Immanuel Kant 
B)  Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz 
C)  Baruch Spinoza 
D)  René Descartes 
A)  Immanuel Kant 
B)  Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz 
C)  Baruch Spinoza 
D)  René Descartes

Question 17

The most important building block in the Cartesian method is

Accepted Answer

A)  the discovery of clear and distinct ideas or ideas that are immune to doubt. 
B)  to throw out theories and begin with the facts. 
C)  to place experimental results always in highest priority. 
D)  to state all conclusions in terms of probabilities. 
A)  the discovery of clear and distinct ideas or ideas that are immune to doubt. 
B)  to throw out theories and begin with the facts. 
C)  to place experimental results always in highest priority. 
D)  to state all conclusions in terms of probabilities.

Question 18

According to Immanuel Kant, the so-called categories of understanding

Accepted Answer

A)  are always products of learning. 
B)  are ordering principles such as intuition of time and causality. 
C)  are dependent upon cultural influence. 
D)  are products of formal logic. 
A)  are always products of learning. 
B)  are ordering principles such as intuition of time and causality. 
C)  are dependent upon cultural influence. 
D)  are products of formal logic.

Question 19

Descartes' philosophy of science was motivated partly by

Accepted Answer

A)  his wish to challenge the skepticism of Montaigne. 
B)  his wish to repudiate every detail of Baconian empiricism. 
C)  his love of the inductive method and the hope it offered to the world. 
D)  his wish to expose the absurdities of belief in a priori knowledge. 
A)  his wish to challenge the skepticism of Montaigne. 
B)  his wish to repudiate every detail of Baconian empiricism. 
C)  his love of the inductive method and the hope it offered to the world. 
D)  his wish to expose the absurdities of belief in a priori knowledge.

Question 20

Many petite perceptions or "small perceptions" in concert form the basis of perception. Thus, the sound of the
Waterfall consists of thousands of drops of water in concert. The idea of petites perceptions suggests the
Importance of unconscious processes. This idea was advanced by

Accepted Answer

A)  Baruch Spinoza. 
B)  Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz. 
C)  Christian von Wolff. 
D)  Johann Friedrich Herbart. 
A)  Baruch Spinoza. 
B)  Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz. 
C)  Christian von Wolff. 
D)  Johann Friedrich Herbart.

The task of individuals, according to Kant, is to grow into moral

Which of the following is the most monistic?

According to Kant, truly moral actions will be based on our capacity to regard other people as

According to Kant, synthetic a priori truths are

Descartes' method was modeled after that of the

A tautology is an expression that

Herbart believed that a major goal of education should be to

Descartes _____ reject the results of experiments that ran counter to common-sense.

Reid argued for a number of propositions he called "first principles." Which of the following is an example?

The term rationalism was derived from the Latin _ which means to _

The philosopher most clearly associated with so-called commonsense philosophy was

According to Kant, the _ world is independent of perception, whereas the _ world is as it appears to us in experience.

The mental realm is always parallel with the physical (neurophysiological) realm. Leibniz explained the perfect Correspondence of the two realms in terms

According to Herbart, humans are unique from the rest of the animal kingdom because they possess

Rationalism is to empiricism as _ is to _ .

_____ argued against the metaphysical basis of demonology and thus figured in humanitarian reform in the Treatment of people with mental illnesses.

The most important building block in the Cartesian method is

According to Immanuel Kant, the so-called categories of understanding

Descartes' philosophy of science was motivated partly by

Many petite perceptions or "small perceptions" in concert form the basis of perception. Thus, the sound of the Waterfall consists of thousands of drops of water in concert. The idea of petites perceptions suggests the Importance of unconscious processes. This idea was advanced by

Critical Issues in Historical Studies

Philosophical Issues

Ancient Psychological Thought

The Roman Period and the Middle Ages

The Renaissance

Empiricism, Associationism, and Utilitarianism

Mechanization and Quantification

Naturalism and Humanitarian Reform

Psychophysics and the Formal Founding of Psychology

Developments After the Founding

Functionalism

Behaviorism

Other Behavioral Psychologies

Gestalt Psychology

Psychoanalysis

Humanistic Psychologies

The Rise of Contemporary Psychology

Filters

Exam 7: Rationalism

The task of individuals, according to Kant, is to grow into moral

Which of the following is the most monistic?

According to Kant, truly moral actions will be based on our capacity to regard other people as

According to Kant, synthetic a priori truths are

Descartes' method was modeled after that of the

A tautology is an expression that

Herbart believed that a major goal of education should be to

Descartes _____ reject the results of experiments that ran counter to common-sense.

Reid argued for a number of propositions he called "first principles." Which of the following is an example?

The term rationalism was derived from the Latin _____ which means to _____

The philosopher most clearly associated with so-called commonsense philosophy was

According to Kant, the _____ world is independent of perception, whereas the _____ world is as it appears to us in experience.

The mental realm is always parallel with the physical (neurophysiological) realm. Leibniz explained the perfect Correspondence of the two realms in terms

According to Herbart, humans are unique from the rest of the animal kingdom because they possess

Rationalism is to empiricism as _____ is to _____ .

_____ argued against the metaphysical basis of demonology and thus figured in humanitarian reform in the Treatment of people with mental illnesses.

The most important building block in the Cartesian method is

According to Immanuel Kant, the so-called categories of understanding

Descartes' philosophy of science was motivated partly by

Many petite perceptions or "small perceptions" in concert form the basis of perception. Thus, the sound of the Waterfall consists of thousands of drops of water in concert. The idea of petites perceptions suggests the Importance of unconscious processes. This idea was advanced by

Critical Issues in Historical Studies

Philosophical Issues

Ancient Psychological Thought

The Roman Period and the Middle Ages

The Renaissance

Empiricism, Associationism, and Utilitarianism

Mechanization and Quantification

Naturalism and Humanitarian Reform

Psychophysics and the Formal Founding of Psychology

Developments After the Founding

Functionalism

Behaviorism

Other Behavioral Psychologies

Gestalt Psychology

Psychoanalysis

Humanistic Psychologies

The Rise of Contemporary Psychology

Filters

The term rationalism was derived from the Latin _ which means to _

According to Kant, the _ world is independent of perception, whereas the _ world is as it appears to us in experience.

Rationalism is to empiricism as _ is to _ .