Question 1

The term rationalism comes from the same Latin root as

Accepted Answer

A)  logic. 
B)  intuition. 
C)  reason. 
D)  mathematics. 
A)  logic. 
B)  intuition. 
C)  reason. 
D)  mathematics. C

Question 2

According to Kuhn, a shift in scientific view marked by a radical new and more successful organization of the
World is

Accepted Answer

A)  normal science. 
B)  a paradigm. 
C)  a scientific revolution. 
D)  all of the above. 
A)  normal science. 
B)  a paradigm. 
C)  a scientific revolution. 
D)  all of the above. C

Question 3

Aestheticism emphasizes

Accepted Answer

A)  an active mind. 
B)  dependence on sensory experience. 
C)  the belief that the principles of beauty are applicable to other arenas of thought. 
D)  the cash value of an idea. 
A)  an active mind. 
B)  dependence on sensory experience. 
C)  the belief that the principles of beauty are applicable to other arenas of thought. 
D)  the cash value of an idea. C

Question 4

According to the text, each of the following terms refer to abilities, or beliefs about abilities, that are built into living systems, EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  a priori knowledge 
B)  instinct 
C)  empiricism 
D)  nativism 
A)  a priori knowledge 
B)  instinct 
C)  empiricism 
D)  nativism

Question 5

Psychogenic emergentism is the belief that

Accepted Answer

A)  psyche is instilled in the organism at one point in time. 
B)  psyche develops with the developing biological organism. 
C)  the instilled psyche is identical with the conscious adult. 
D)  all of the above. 
A)  psyche is instilled in the organism at one point in time. 
B)  psyche develops with the developing biological organism. 
C)  the instilled psyche is identical with the conscious adult. 
D)  all of the above.

Question 6

Which of the following has argued for an anarchistic epistemology marked by the belief that there is no such
Thing as a single unified and unchanging scientific method?

Accepted Answer

A)  Paul K. Feyerabend 
B)  Thomas Kuhn 
C)  Karl Popper 
D)  Francis Bacon 
A)  Paul K. Feyerabend 
B)  Thomas Kuhn 
C)  Karl Popper 
D)  Francis Bacon

Question 7

Materialism is the belief that

Accepted Answer

A)  mind is the primary material of the universe. 
B)  matter makes up everything. 
C)  mind interacts with material. 
D)  all of the above. 
A)  mind is the primary material of the universe. 
B)  matter makes up everything. 
C)  mind interacts with material. 
D)  all of the above.

Question 8

An airplane could be constructed of appropriate materials and have an adequate propulsion system, but if the
Wing or some other part were not shaped appropriately, the plane would not fly. The importance of the shape
Of the plane is close in meaning to Aristotle's ___ cause.

Accepted Answer

A)  material 
B)  final 
C)  teleological 
D)  formal 
A)  material 
B)  final 
C)  teleological 
D)  formal

Question 9

The term ontology refers to

Accepted Answer

A)  the study of the limitations of human knowledge 
B)  the study of values 
C)  the study of the nature and relations of being 
D)  the study of causality 
A)  the study of the limitations of human knowledge 
B)  the study of values 
C)  the study of the nature and relations of being 
D)  the study of causality

Question 10

Some philosophers have argued that mental processes are produced by brain processes, but are nevertheless
Qualitatively different from brain processes. Such a position is called

Accepted Answer

A)  emergentism 
B)  interactionism 
C)  psychophysical parallelism 
D)  attributive pluralism 
A)  emergentism 
B)  interactionism 
C)  psychophysical parallelism 
D)  attributive pluralism

Question 11

The idea that there are many separate real things (e.g., a real mind, a real body, a real God, a real material world,
And so on) is most consistent with

Accepted Answer

A)  attributive pluralism 
B)  ontological pluralism 
C)  epiphenomenalism 
D)  interactionism 
A)  attributive pluralism 
B)  ontological pluralism 
C)  epiphenomenalism 
D)  interactionism

Question 12

One of the more difficult problems associated with psychophysical parallelism is that

Accepted Answer

A)  it fails to specify a source of interaction between mind and body 
B)  it implies a kind of preestablished harmony 
C)  it fails to show how mind emerges from body 
D)  it agrees in an uncanny way with common sense 
A)  it fails to specify a source of interaction between mind and body 
B)  it implies a kind of preestablished harmony 
C)  it fails to show how mind emerges from body 
D)  it agrees in an uncanny way with common sense

Question 13

The term teleology refers to

Accepted Answer

A)  the formal cause 
B)  purpose or design 
C)  the energy that sets a causal chain in motion 
D)  the technical study of religion 
A)  the formal cause 
B)  purpose or design 
C)  the energy that sets a causal chain in motion 
D)  the technical study of religion

Question 14

Observational evidence alone does not warrant a universal conclusion. Thus, though every observed swan is
White, there is no basis for saying that all swans are white. Such a contention is found in the work of an
Important philosopher of science by the name of _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  Thomas S. Kuhn 
B)  Paul Feyerabend 
C)  Karl Popper 
D)  William James 
A)  Thomas S. Kuhn 
B)  Paul Feyerabend 
C)  Karl Popper 
D)  William James

Question 15

According to the text, the commonsense position with respect to mind and body is known as

Accepted Answer

A)  interactionism 
B)  psychophysical parallelism 
C)  emergentism 
D)  epiphenomenalism 
A)  interactionism 
B)  psychophysical parallelism 
C)  emergentism 
D)  epiphenomenalism

Question 16

Mind is a kind of overflow of by-product of brain activity, but mind has no causal efficacy. Such a contention is
Most consistent with

Accepted Answer

A)  interactionism 
B)  epistemology 
C)  ontological pluralism 
D)  epiphenomenalism 
A)  interactionism 
B)  epistemology 
C)  ontological pluralism 
D)  epiphenomenalism

Question 17

According to idealism

Accepted Answer

A)  material reality is the basis of all science 
B)  language is the basis of all science 
C)  the mental world or the world of experience is the basis of all science 
D)  science studies only the physical world 
A)  material reality is the basis of all science 
B)  language is the basis of all science 
C)  the mental world or the world of experience is the basis of all science 
D)  science studies only the physical world

Question 18

The term A Priori refers to

Accepted Answer

A)  that which is derived from experience. 
B)  knowledge that is acquired through learning. 
C)  self-evident truths known through intuition. 
D)  the nature of being. 
A)  that which is derived from experience. 
B)  knowledge that is acquired through learning. 
C)  self-evident truths known through intuition. 
D)  the nature of being.

Question 19

The nativist believes that perceptual abilities

Accepted Answer

A)  are learned or derived from experience. 
B)  are learned through interaction with others. 
C)  learned after birth are relatively unimportant. 
D)  are operational from birth. 
A)  are learned or derived from experience. 
B)  are learned through interaction with others. 
C)  learned after birth are relatively unimportant. 
D)  are operational from birth.

Question 20

According to the text, the method of _____ is surely the most common method of assessing truth.

Accepted Answer

A)  rationalism 
B)  authority 
C)  empiricism 
D)  pragmatism 
A)  rationalism 
B)  authority 
C)  empiricism 
D)  pragmatism

The term rationalism comes from the same Latin root as

According to Kuhn, a shift in scientific view marked by a radical new and more successful organization of the World is

Aestheticism emphasizes

According to the text, each of the following terms refer to abilities, or beliefs about abilities, that are built into living systems, EXCEPT

Psychogenic emergentism is the belief that

Which of the following has argued for an anarchistic epistemology marked by the belief that there is no such Thing as a single unified and unchanging scientific method?

Materialism is the belief that

An airplane could be constructed of appropriate materials and have an adequate propulsion system, but if the Wing or some other part were not shaped appropriately, the plane would not fly. The importance of the shape Of the plane is close in meaning to Aristotle's ___ cause.

The term ontology refers to

Some philosophers have argued that mental processes are produced by brain processes, but are nevertheless Qualitatively different from brain processes. Such a position is called

The idea that there are many separate real things (e.g., a real mind, a real body, a real God, a real material world, And so on) is most consistent with

One of the more difficult problems associated with psychophysical parallelism is that

The term teleology refers to

Observational evidence alone does not warrant a universal conclusion. Thus, though every observed swan is White, there is no basis for saying that all swans are white. Such a contention is found in the work of an Important philosopher of science by the name of _____.

According to the text, the commonsense position with respect to mind and body is known as

Mind is a kind of overflow of by-product of brain activity, but mind has no causal efficacy. Such a contention is Most consistent with

According to idealism

The term A Priori refers to

The nativist believes that perceptual abilities

According to the text, the method of _____ is surely the most common method of assessing truth.

Critical Issues in Historical Studies

Ancient Psychological Thought

The Roman Period and the Middle Ages

The Renaissance

Empiricism, Associationism, and Utilitarianism

Rationalism

Mechanization and Quantification

Naturalism and Humanitarian Reform

Psychophysics and the Formal Founding of Psychology

Developments After the Founding

Functionalism

Behaviorism

Other Behavioral Psychologies

Gestalt Psychology

Psychoanalysis

Humanistic Psychologies

The Rise of Contemporary Psychology

Filters

Exam 2: Philosophical Issues

The term rationalism comes from the same Latin root as

According to Kuhn, a shift in scientific view marked by a radical new and more successful organization of the World is

Aestheticism emphasizes

According to the text, each of the following terms refer to abilities, or beliefs about abilities, that are built into living systems, EXCEPT

Psychogenic emergentism is the belief that

Which of the following has argued for an anarchistic epistemology marked by the belief that there is no such Thing as a single unified and unchanging scientific method?

Materialism is the belief that

An airplane could be constructed of appropriate materials and have an adequate propulsion system, but if the Wing or some other part were not shaped appropriately, the plane would not fly. The importance of the shape Of the plane is close in meaning to Aristotle's ___ cause.

The term ontology refers to

Some philosophers have argued that mental processes are produced by brain processes, but are nevertheless Qualitatively different from brain processes. Such a position is called

The idea that there are many separate real things (e.g., a real mind, a real body, a real God, a real material world, And so on) is most consistent with

One of the more difficult problems associated with psychophysical parallelism is that

The term teleology refers to

Observational evidence alone does not warrant a universal conclusion. Thus, though every observed swan is White, there is no basis for saying that all swans are white. Such a contention is found in the work of an Important philosopher of science by the name of _____.

According to the text, the commonsense position with respect to mind and body is known as

Mind is a kind of overflow of by-product of brain activity, but mind has no causal efficacy. Such a contention is Most consistent with

According to idealism

The term A Priori refers to

The nativist believes that perceptual abilities

According to the text, the method of _____ is surely the most common method of assessing truth.

Critical Issues in Historical Studies

Ancient Psychological Thought

The Roman Period and the Middle Ages

The Renaissance

Empiricism, Associationism, and Utilitarianism

Rationalism

Mechanization and Quantification

Naturalism and Humanitarian Reform

Psychophysics and the Formal Founding of Psychology

Developments After the Founding

Functionalism

Behaviorism

Other Behavioral Psychologies

Gestalt Psychology

Psychoanalysis

Humanistic Psychologies

The Rise of Contemporary Psychology

Filters