Question 1

Decarceration is seen as a step towards remedying which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  Unfair employment terms and benefits for prison staff 
B)  Systemic mistreatment of prisoners that are found to be guilty of their crimes 
C)  Systemic racism in the criminal legal system against Black and Indigenous peoples 
D)  Systemic discrimination in the criminal legal system against prisoners with mental and physical disabilities 
E)  b and d are correct 
A)  Unfair employment terms and benefits for prison staff 
B)  Systemic mistreatment of prisoners that are found to be guilty of their crimes 
C)  Systemic racism in the criminal legal system against Black and Indigenous peoples 
D)  Systemic discrimination in the criminal legal system against prisoners with mental and physical disabilities 
E)  b and d are correct C

Question 2

The COVID-19 pandemic has exposed profound socioeconomic and health disparities, with the virus's harmful effects disproportionately hitting disadvantaged communities and countries.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 3

Prisoners' rights should not be abused by extended solitary confinement or other methods that isolate them from the outside world.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 4

Which of the following is true about the 2016 Census and the data collected from Correctional Service Canada from the same year?

Accepted Answer

A)  It shows that Indigenous and Black populations in Canada are grossly over-represented in Canadian prisons. 
B)  It shows that Caucasian populations and non-minorities are underrepresented. 
C)  It showed a clear representation of the Canadian population as it is present in prisons. 
D)  It showed that Indigenous and Black populations in Canada are correctly represented in Canadian prisons. 
E)  It shows that Caucasian populations in Canada are grossly over-represented in Canadian prisons. 
A)  It shows that Indigenous and Black populations in Canada are grossly over-represented in Canadian prisons. 
B)  It shows that Caucasian populations and non-minorities are underrepresented. 
C)  It showed a clear representation of the Canadian population as it is present in prisons. 
D)  It showed that Indigenous and Black populations in Canada are correctly represented in Canadian prisons. 
E)  It shows that Caucasian populations in Canada are grossly over-represented in Canadian prisons.

Question 5

What is another name given to the Standard Minimum Rules for the Treatment of Prisoners after its revision in 2015?

Accepted Answer

A)  The Minimum Standards for Treatment of Prisoners 
B)  The Nelson Mandela Rules 
C)  The Minimum Rules - Standard for Imprisonment 
D)  The Imprisonment Rules 
E)  The Mandela Rules 
A)  The Minimum Standards for Treatment of Prisoners 
B)  The Nelson Mandela Rules 
C)  The Minimum Rules - Standard for Imprisonment 
D)  The Imprisonment Rules 
E)  The Mandela Rules

Question 6

Prisoners have a life-long experience of poor access to healthcare.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

For those who cannot afford cash bail, incarceration is used as a noncarceral management for those arrested for suspected offences that do not pose a continuing threat to public safety.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Large-scale releases from prison of people who pose no public-safety risk along with an increase in the use of home confinement are part of which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  Decarceration 
B)  Incarceration 
C)  Decarnalization 
D)  Emblazon 
E)  Decortication 
A)  Decarceration 
B)  Incarceration 
C)  Decarnalization 
D)  Emblazon 
E)  Decortication

Question 9

The Nelson Mandela Rules are particularly relevant during COVID-19 times for which of the following reasons?

Accepted Answer

A)  They contain a list of 122 rules organized by thematic area to support prisoners at all times. 
B)  They contain selected rules that pertain to the isolation of prisoners and the maintenance of connections with the outside world, which are relevant disease control strategies. 
C)  They contain a list of rules that promote solitary confinement, which helps prevent exposure to infections. 
D)  They contain several rules that emphasize the importance of having a view of outdoor spaces and promote isolation to avoid the spread of disease while maintaining visual exposure to natural environments to promote mental health. 
E)  b and d are correct 
A)  They contain a list of 122 rules organized by thematic area to support prisoners at all times. 
B)  They contain selected rules that pertain to the isolation of prisoners and the maintenance of connections with the outside world, which are relevant disease control strategies. 
C)  They contain a list of rules that promote solitary confinement, which helps prevent exposure to infections. 
D)  They contain several rules that emphasize the importance of having a view of outdoor spaces and promote isolation to avoid the spread of disease while maintaining visual exposure to natural environments to promote mental health. 
E)  b and d are correct

Question 10

Evidence has shown which of the following about the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on society?

Accepted Answer

A)  It has been an equal opportunity virus. 
B)  It has disproportionately infected and killed people in poor, racialized, and marginalized communities. 
C)  COVID-19 control measures in prisons have been effective and important in controlling the infection to protect vulnerable populations and the general public. 
D)  It has affected all levels of society in Canada and around the world equally. 
E)  None of the above 
A)  It has been an equal opportunity virus. 
B)  It has disproportionately infected and killed people in poor, racialized, and marginalized communities. 
C)  COVID-19 control measures in prisons have been effective and important in controlling the infection to protect vulnerable populations and the general public. 
D)  It has affected all levels of society in Canada and around the world equally. 
E)  None of the above

Question 11

In the period between March 30 and May 27, 2020, which of the following was not true about prisons in Canada?

Accepted Answer

A)  Three prisons reported an infection rate of over 20% among prisoners. 
B)  Even though prisoners are at a substantially higher risk of infection, the majority of prisons tested at a lower rate than the general population. 
C)  12% of prisons had conducted zero tests. 
D)  Many prisons routinely tested for Covid infections before any positive cases were discovered to prevent the spread of the disease. 
E)  Six prisons reported outbreaks in that period. 
A)  Three prisons reported an infection rate of over 20% among prisoners. 
B)  Even though prisoners are at a substantially higher risk of infection, the majority of prisons tested at a lower rate than the general population. 
C)  12% of prisons had conducted zero tests. 
D)  Many prisons routinely tested for Covid infections before any positive cases were discovered to prevent the spread of the disease. 
E)  Six prisons reported outbreaks in that period.

Question 12

Which of the following is not an example of an impact that has been exposed by the pandemic?

Accepted Answer

A)  The fragility of the health system that existed before the outbreak 
B)  An excessive focus on disease treatment, rather than disease prevention before the pandemic 
C)  A need for social distancing, limiting contact with others since before the pandemic 
D)  Existing inequalities and flaws in the broader socioeconomic systems 
E)  c and d are correct 
A)  The fragility of the health system that existed before the outbreak 
B)  An excessive focus on disease treatment, rather than disease prevention before the pandemic 
C)  A need for social distancing, limiting contact with others since before the pandemic 
D)  Existing inequalities and flaws in the broader socioeconomic systems 
E)  c and d are correct

Question 13

COVID-19 has disproportionately affected Black and Indigenous peoples because of systemic racism in mass incarceration systems around the world, including Canada.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

How can public health strategies give rise to human rights violations? How are the rights of prisoners affected by this?

Accepted Answer

The Universal Declaration of Human Right

Question 15

Which one of the following is not one of the aims of the Nelson Mandela Rules?

Accepted Answer

A)  To reintegrate imprisoned individuals back into society after serving time 
B)  To emphasize prisoners' inherent dignity and value as human beings 
C)  To direct states and individuals to treat prisoners with respect 
D)  To preserve the mental and physical well-being of prisoners 
E)  None of the above 
A)  To reintegrate imprisoned individuals back into society after serving time 
B)  To emphasize prisoners' inherent dignity and value as human beings 
C)  To direct states and individuals to treat prisoners with respect 
D)  To preserve the mental and physical well-being of prisoners 
E)  None of the above

Question 16

Many European countries have implemented sentencing reforms such as early release, sentence postponement, increased electronic surveillance, and house arrests.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

The COVID-19 pandemic has brought existing health injustices to the forefront and worsened them, particularly within the criminal justice system.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Vaccination plans don't need to prioritize the prison population, as they are already isolated.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

What are the Mandela Rules set to promote?

Accepted Answer

A)  Humane conditions of imprisonment 
B)  Raising awareness about prisoners being a continuous part of society 
C)  Valuing the work of prison staff as an important social service 
D)  Upholding human rights in prisons 
E)  All of the above 
A)  Humane conditions of imprisonment 
B)  Raising awareness about prisoners being a continuous part of society 
C)  Valuing the work of prison staff as an important social service 
D)  Upholding human rights in prisons 
E)  All of the above

Question 20

Correctional Service Canada (CSC) has a large number of employees. What are your thoughts on their pre-Covid measures and current circumstances? What do you think should change for them in the near and far future?

Accepted Answer

Correctional Service Canada (CSC) is res

Exam 20: Covid-19 and Prisons: a Perfect Storm of Illness, Isolation, and Inequality

Decarceration is seen as a step towards remedying which of the following?

The COVID-19 pandemic has exposed profound socioeconomic and health disparities, with the virus's harmful effects disproportionately hitting disadvantaged communities and countries.

Prisoners' rights should not be abused by extended solitary confinement or other methods that isolate them from the outside world.

Which of the following is true about the 2016 Census and the data collected from Correctional Service Canada from the same year?

What is another name given to the Standard Minimum Rules for the Treatment of Prisoners after its revision in 2015?

Prisoners have a life-long experience of poor access to healthcare.

For those who cannot afford cash bail, incarceration is used as a noncarceral management for those arrested for suspected offences that do not pose a continuing threat to public safety.

Large-scale releases from prison of people who pose no public-safety risk along with an increase in the use of home confinement are part of which of the following?

The Nelson Mandela Rules are particularly relevant during COVID-19 times for which of the following reasons?

Evidence has shown which of the following about the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on society?

In the period between March 30 and May 27, 2020, which of the following was not true about prisons in Canada?

Which of the following is not an example of an impact that has been exposed by the pandemic?

COVID-19 has disproportionately affected Black and Indigenous peoples because of systemic racism in mass incarceration systems around the world, including Canada.

How can public health strategies give rise to human rights violations? How are the rights of prisoners affected by this?

Which one of the following is not one of the aims of the Nelson Mandela Rules?

Many European countries have implemented sentencing reforms such as early release, sentence postponement, increased electronic surveillance, and house arrests.

The COVID-19 pandemic has brought existing health injustices to the forefront and worsened them, particularly within the criminal justice system.

Vaccination plans don't need to prioritize the prison population, as they are already isolated.

What are the Mandela Rules set to promote?

Correctional Service Canada (CSC) has a large number of employees. What are your thoughts on their pre-Covid measures and current circumstances? What do you think should change for them in the near and far future?

Investigating Ownership Concentration, Transnational Connections, and State Involvement in the Canadian Economy

Corporate Power in 21st Century Canada

Breaking Down the Wealth Equation: Housing, Assets, and Debt

Poverty and Income Inequality: Measures and Trends

The Distribution of Wealth and Economic Inequality: Canada and the World

Inequalities in Work and Employment

Social Class, Post-Secondary Education, and Occupational Outcomes

Location Matters: Education and Employment Inequalities in Northern and Rural Canada

Exploring Definitions of Indigenous Student Success

Immigration Pathways and Next Generation Outcomes: Caribbean and Filipino Children of Caregivers

The Missing and Murdered Indigenous Women and First Nations Issues: a Content Analysis of Major Canadian Media, 2014-2015

Racial Inequality, Social Cohesion, and Policy Issues in Canada

Neoliberalism, Gender, and the Gig Economy in Canada

Changing Gender Time Distributions in Domestic Duties: 1986-2015

Gender Inequality and Family Patterns

Lgbtq2s Employment and Earnings in Canada

Disability and Social Inequality Over the Life Course

Regional Inequality in Canada: an Enduring Issue

Social Inequality and Health

Seasonal Agricultural Worker Program: Unequal by Design

Cumulative Essay Questions

Filters