Question 1

________ are hydric soils, forming in beds of former lakes and small, poorly drained depressions.

Accepted Answer

A)  Histosols 
B)  Andisols 
C)  Vertisols 
D)  Aridisols 
A)  Histosols 
B)  Andisols 
C)  Vertisols 
D)  Aridisols

Question 2

In which of the following areas would one likely find Mollisols?

Accepted Answer

A)  Sub-Saharan Africa 
B)  the U.S. Great Plains 
C)  central Africa 
D)  southeast United States 
A)  Sub-Saharan Africa 
B)  the U.S. Great Plains 
C)  central Africa 
D)  southeast United States

Question 3

In which of the following regions would one likely find Spodosols?

Accepted Answer

A)  savannas and grasslands 
B)  tropical rainforests 
C)  northern coniferous forests 
D)  deserts and semiarid areas 
A)  savannas and grasslands 
B)  tropical rainforests 
C)  northern coniferous forests 
D)  deserts and semiarid areas

Question 4

Ped formation enhances

Accepted Answer

A)  soil texture. 
B)  permeability. 
C)  soil horizons. 
D)  plasticity. 
A)  soil texture. 
B)  permeability. 
C)  soil horizons. 
D)  plasticity.

Question 5

Each differing and distinct mineral and organic strata within a soil column is called a horizon.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Which of the following best describes the composition of soil?

Accepted Answer

A)  Soil is primarily mineral matter (approximately 72%), but also consists of organic matter (10%), and water (18%). 
B)  Soil consists of approximately 45% organic matter, 50% mineral matter, and 5% water and/or air. 
C)  Soil is composed of about 45% mineral matter, 5% organic matter, and 50% pore space containing air and water. 
D)  Soil includes pebbles, gravel, cobbles, and a varying combination of sands, silts, and clays. 
A)  Soil is primarily mineral matter (approximately 72%), but also consists of organic matter (10%), and water (18%). 
B)  Soil consists of approximately 45% organic matter, 50% mineral matter, and 5% water and/or air. 
C)  Soil is composed of about 45% mineral matter, 5% organic matter, and 50% pore space containing air and water. 
D)  Soil includes pebbles, gravel, cobbles, and a varying combination of sands, silts, and clays.

Question 7

In terms of pedogenic regimes, the process that concentrates salts in soils in climates with high evapotranspiration is

Accepted Answer

A)  laterization. 
B)  salinization. 
C)  calcification. 
D)  podzolization. 
E)  gleization. 
A)  laterization. 
B)  salinization. 
C)  calcification. 
D)  podzolization. 
E)  gleization.

Question 8

Between 1982 and 2007, soil erosion on U.S. cropland

Accepted Answer

A)  decreased by 43%. 
B)  increased by 25% 
C)  increased by 13%. 
D)  decreased by 21%. 
A)  decreased by 43%. 
B)  increased by 25% 
C)  increased by 13%. 
D)  decreased by 21%.

Question 9

Why is cation-exchange capacity (CEC) an important soil characteristic?

Accepted Answer

A)  CEC is an indication of the soil permeability; the lower the CEC the higher the permeability. 
B)  CEC is a measure of soil fertility; the higher the CEC the higher the soil fertility. 
C)  CEC is an indirect way to measure soil pH; it indicates whether the soil is neutral, alkaline, or acidic. 
D)  CEC is used to infer soil texture without having to use a soil texture triangle. 
A)  CEC is an indication of the soil permeability; the lower the CEC the higher the permeability. 
B)  CEC is a measure of soil fertility; the higher the CEC the higher the soil fertility. 
C)  CEC is an indirect way to measure soil pH; it indicates whether the soil is neutral, alkaline, or acidic. 
D)  CEC is used to infer soil texture without having to use a soil texture triangle.

Question 10

A few centimeters' thickness of prime farmland soil may require 500 years to mature.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Laterization is likely to occur

Accepted Answer

A)  in the tropics. 
B)  in areas of high potential evapotranspiration rates. 
C)  in humid climate regions. 
D)  in areas characterized by sandy soils and coniferous forests. 
A)  in the tropics. 
B)  in areas of high potential evapotranspiration rates. 
C)  in humid climate regions. 
D)  in areas characterized by sandy soils and coniferous forests.

Question 12

In terms of pedogenic regimes, the process that produces an illuviated accumulation of calcium carbonate in continental climates is

Accepted Answer

A)  laterization 
B)  salinization. 
C)  calcification. 
D)  podzolization. 
E)  gleization. 
A)  laterization 
B)  salinization. 
C)  calcification. 
D)  podzolization. 
E)  gleization.

Question 13

Alifols, Mollisols, and Aridisols form an east to west continuum in the north-central United States and southern Canadian prairies.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Soil is a natural, renewable resource.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

What are the six main horizons found in soils? Briefly describe each.

Accepted Answer

O, A, E, B, C, and R. (Note, the text li

________ are hydric soils, forming in beds of former lakes and small, poorly drained depressions.

In which of the following areas would one likely find Mollisols?

In which of the following regions would one likely find Spodosols?

Ped formation enhances

Each differing and distinct mineral and organic strata within a soil column is called a horizon.

Which of the following best describes the composition of soil?

In terms of pedogenic regimes, the process that concentrates salts in soils in climates with high evapotranspiration is

Between 1982 and 2007, soil erosion on U.S. cropland

Why is cation-exchange capacity (CEC) an important soil characteristic?

A few centimeters' thickness of prime farmland soil may require 500 years to mature.

Laterization is likely to occur

In terms of pedogenic regimes, the process that produces an illuviated accumulation of calcium carbonate in continental climates is

Alifols, Mollisols, and Aridisols form an east to west continuum in the north-central United States and southern Canadian prairies.

Soil is a natural, renewable resource.

What are the six main horizons found in soils? Briefly describe each.

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Earths Modern Atmosphere

Atmosphere and Surface Energy Balances

Global Temperatures

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Water and Atmospheric Moisture

Weather

Water Resources

Global Climate Systems

Climate Change

The Dynamic Planet

Tectonics, Earthquakes, and Volcanism

Weathering, Karst Landscapes, and Mass Movement

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Exam 18: The Geography of Soils

________ are hydric soils, forming in beds of former lakes and small, poorly drained depressions.

In which of the following areas would one likely find Mollisols?

In which of the following regions would one likely find Spodosols?

Ped formation enhances

Each differing and distinct mineral and organic strata within a soil column is called a horizon.

Which of the following best describes the composition of soil?

In terms of pedogenic regimes, the process that concentrates salts in soils in climates with high evapotranspiration is

Between 1982 and 2007, soil erosion on U.S. cropland

Why is cation-exchange capacity (CEC) an important soil characteristic?

A few centimeters' thickness of prime farmland soil may require 500 years to mature.

Laterization is likely to occur

In terms of pedogenic regimes, the process that produces an illuviated accumulation of calcium carbonate in continental climates is

Alifols, Mollisols, and Aridisols form an east to west continuum in the north-central United States and southern Canadian prairies.

Soil is a natural, renewable resource.

What are the six main horizons found in soils? Briefly describe each.

Essentials of Geography

Solar Energy to Earth and the Seasons

Earths Modern Atmosphere

Atmosphere and Surface Energy Balances

Global Temperatures

Atmospheric and Oceanic Circulations

Water and Atmospheric Moisture

Weather

Water Resources

Global Climate Systems

Climate Change

The Dynamic Planet

Tectonics, Earthquakes, and Volcanism

Weathering, Karst Landscapes, and Mass Movement

River Systems and Landforms

The Oceans, Coastal Processes, and Wind Processes

Glacial and Periglacial Processes and Landforms

Ecosystem Essentials

Terrestrial Biomes

Filters