Question 1

The potential damaging effects of free radicals to DNA can be averted by ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The potential damaging effects of free radicals...

Question 2

Match between columns
                        Premises: cells of the tumor resemble those of surrounding normal tissue
cells do not move to other locations in body; remain in initial tissues
cells of the tumor invade normal tissues and metastasize
condition that continues to spread throughout the body, causing damage to several different organ systems; death often results
cell mass is localized and surrounded by a connective tissue layer; cell structure is slightly abnormal

Accepted Answer

The Answer of in situ tumor and benign tumor and is...

Question 3

The presence of the enzyme ________ in a cell is an indicator that the cell may be cancerous.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The presence of the enzyme ________ in...

Question 4

Proto-oncogenes are genes that promote the development of tumors.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

All of the following statements describe characteristics of cancer cells EXCEPT which one?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cancer cells may migrate to other locations in the body. 
B)  Cancer cells often have an enlarged nucleus. 
C)  Cancer cells lose the ability to control cell division. 
D)  Cancer cells typically are overdifferentiated. 
E)  Cancer cells no longer perform their specialized functions prior to becoming cancerous. 
A)  Cancer cells may migrate to other locations in the body. 
B)  Cancer cells often have an enlarged nucleus. 
C)  Cancer cells lose the ability to control cell division. 
D)  Cancer cells typically are overdifferentiated. 
E)  Cancer cells no longer perform their specialized functions prior to becoming cancerous.

Question 6

-Which one of the following CORRECTLY represents the progression to cancer?

Accepted Answer

A)  in situ, dysplasia, hyperplasia, malignancy 
B)  dysplasia, in situ tumor, malignancy, hyperplasia 
C)  hyperplasia, dysplasia, in situ tumor, malignancy 
D)  dysplasia, hyperplasia, malignancy, in situ tumor 
E)  malignancy, in situ tumor, hyperplasia, dysplasia 
A)  in situ, dysplasia, hyperplasia, malignancy 
B)  dysplasia, in situ tumor, malignancy, hyperplasia 
C)  hyperplasia, dysplasia, in situ tumor, malignancy 
D)  dysplasia, hyperplasia, malignancy, in situ tumor 
E)  malignancy, in situ tumor, hyperplasia, dysplasia

Question 7

If angiogenesis were not to occur, a tumor would reach the size of a ________ and stop growing.

Accepted Answer

A)  period on a typewritten page (.) 
B)  baseball 
C)  grapefruit 
D)  pea 
E)  basketball 
A)  period on a typewritten page (.) 
B)  baseball 
C)  grapefruit 
D)  pea 
E)  basketball

Question 8

The normal form of the p53 gene

Accepted Answer

A)  is a type of proto-oncogene 
B)  has been linked to the development of colon cancer 
C)  codes for a protein that prevents damaged cells from dividing 
D)  is a type of oncogene that causes skin cancer 
E)  codes for proteins that stimulate cell growth and adhesion 
A)  is a type of proto-oncogene 
B)  has been linked to the development of colon cancer 
C)  codes for a protein that prevents damaged cells from dividing 
D)  is a type of oncogene that causes skin cancer 
E)  codes for proteins that stimulate cell growth and adhesion

Question 9

Cells undergoing hyperplasia eventually develop into a mass called a(n) ________.

Accepted Answer

tumor, neo

Question 10

Precancerous growths in the colon are known as ________; these can usually be removed surgically.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Precancerous growths in the colon are known...

Question 11

For women with a mutated BRCA gene, the risk of breast cancer is about 60%. However, detection of the mutated gene can occur before cancer ever develops by

Accepted Answer

A)  testing of a blood sample 
B)  screening mammography 
C)  taking a biopsy of breast tissue 
D)  a PET scan 
E)  urinalysis 
A)  testing of a blood sample 
B)  screening mammography 
C)  taking a biopsy of breast tissue 
D)  a PET scan 
E)  urinalysis

Question 12

Telomerase is an enzyme characteristic of normal cells that is active in DNA repair; most cancer cells have been found to lack telomerase.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

The most important aspect in the treatment of cancer is that the cancer be diagnosed as early as possible.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Which one of the following diagnostic imaging techniques does NOT expose the patient to additional radiation?

Accepted Answer

A)  X- rays and ultrasounds 
B)  ultrasounds and PET scans 
C)  ultrasounds and MRI 
D)  PET scans and MRI 
E)  PET scans and X-rays 
A)  X- rays and ultrasounds 
B)  ultrasounds and PET scans 
C)  ultrasounds and MRI 
D)  PET scans and MRI 
E)  PET scans and X-rays

Question 15

-The tumor shown in the figure above is most likely malignant.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Cancers that metastasize and invade normal tissues to impede their functions are called

Accepted Answer

A)  benign tumors 
B)  keratosis 
C)  malignant tumors 
D)  in situ cancer 
E)  neoplasm 
A)  benign tumors 
B)  keratosis 
C)  malignant tumors 
D)  in situ cancer 
E)  neoplasm

Question 17

Dysplasia occurs when an abnormal structural change occurs in a cell.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

The use of laser light to trigger toxic reactions specific to cancer cells is referred to as

Accepted Answer

A)  angiogenesis 
B)  molecular annihilation 
C)  photosynthesis 
D)  fluorescent microscopy 
E)  photodynamic therapy 
A)  angiogenesis 
B)  molecular annihilation 
C)  photosynthesis 
D)  fluorescent microscopy 
E)  photodynamic therapy

Question 19

Under normal circumstances, several important types of genes control the activities of cells. Some of these genes (proto-oncogenes, tumor suppressor genes, and mutator genes) have critical roles in regulating cell growth and division, as well as repair of DNA during replication. Despite their important roles, mutations to any one of these genes alone do not induce a cancerous condition. Explain why.

Accepted Answer

Alterations of these genes may increase

Question 20

A diet high in red meat and saturated fat increases the risk for ________ cancers.

Accepted Answer

A)  colon, rectum, and prostate gland 
B)  breast and liver 
C)  brain and lung 
D)  lung, stomach, and liver 
E)  colon, breast, and liver 
A)  colon, rectum, and prostate gland 
B)  breast and liver 
C)  brain and lung 
D)  lung, stomach, and liver 
E)  colon, breast, and liver

Exam 18: Cancer: Uncontrolled Cell Division and Differentiation

The potential damaging effects of free radicals to DNA can be averted by ________.

The presence of the enzyme ________ in a cell is an indicator that the cell may be cancerous.

Proto-oncogenes are genes that promote the development of tumors.

All of the following statements describe characteristics of cancer cells EXCEPT which one?

-Which one of the following CORRECTLY represents the progression to cancer?

If angiogenesis were not to occur, a tumor would reach the size of a ________ and stop growing.

The normal form of the p53 gene

Cells undergoing hyperplasia eventually develop into a mass called a(n) ________.

Precancerous growths in the colon are known as ________; these can usually be removed surgically.

For women with a mutated BRCA gene, the risk of breast cancer is about 60%. However, detection of the mutated gene can occur before cancer ever develops by

Telomerase is an enzyme characteristic of normal cells that is active in DNA repair; most cancer cells have been found to lack telomerase.

The most important aspect in the treatment of cancer is that the cancer be diagnosed as early as possible.

Which one of the following diagnostic imaging techniques does NOT expose the patient to additional radiation?

-The tumor shown in the figure above is most likely malignant.

Cancers that metastasize and invade normal tissues to impede their functions are called

Dysplasia occurs when an abnormal structural change occurs in a cell.

The use of laser light to trigger toxic reactions specific to cancer cells is referred to as

A diet high in red meat and saturated fat increases the risk for ________ cancers.

Human Biology, Science, and Society

The Chemistry of Living Things

Structure and Function of Cells

From Cells to Organ Systems

The Skeletal System

The Muscular System

Blood

Heart and Blood Vessels

The Immune System and Mechanisms of Defense

The Respiratory System: Exchange of Gases

The Nervous System: Integration and Control

Sensory Mechanisms

The Endocrine System

The Digestive System and Nutrition

The Urinary System

Reproductive Systems

Cell Reproduction and Differentiation

Genetics and Inheritance

DNA Technology and Genetic Engineering

Development and Aging

Evolution and the Origins of Life

Ecosystems and Populations

Human Impacts, Biodiversity, and Environmental Issues

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