Exam 12: Sensory Mechanisms

Sound is amplified by components of the middle ear when they vibrate. When one of these components, the stapes, vibrates, the ________ will vibrate.

The structure of the cochlea that converts pressure waves to nerve impulses is the ________; it is composed of hair cells and a tectorial membrane.

Which one of the following conditions results when the transparency of the lens decreases?

The following is a list of structures in the eye through which light passes. Which one of the following answers best describes the order in which light passes through or hits each structure? 1. lens 2) pupil 3) cornea 4) aqueous humor 5) retina

The movement of tiny, bonelike crystals called ________, located in the vestibule of the vestibular apparatus, is important in determining the position of the head.

An individual never developed otoliths in the inner ear due to a genetic defect. Which one of the following will be impaired as a result?

A student noticed that when he closed his eyes, he could still determine the position of his arms and legs. This is largely due to the activity of

LASIK treatment functions to improve eyesight by

Pressure in the middle ear is equalized with the external air pressure through the auditory tube.

Which one of the following occurs when bright light hits the eye?

Light causes the pigment rhodopsin to ________, which in turn causes sodium channels on the photoreceptor cell to close.

Slow pain originating from an internal organ is often perceived as coming from an area of the body totally unrelated to the source. This is known as

Mechanoreceptors include unencapsulated dendritic endings, Merkel disks, Meissner's corpuscles, Pacinian corpuscles, and olfactory receptors.

When a sound wave first arrives at the ear, the wave is directed toward the auditory canal by

Nearsightedness and farsightedness are caused by the

The human body may stop responding to a stimulus even though the original stimulus is still present; this is a process referred to as receptor adaptation.

When an individual first gets dressed, he or she is conscious of the clothing on his body. A short time later, however, he or she is no longer aware of it. This is known as ________.

Which one of the following structures is used to sense rotational movement of the head and body?

Deafness in humans can have many causes. One form of deafness is caused by damage to hair cells. Explain how damaged hair cells can result in deafness.