Exam 9: The Immune System and Mechanisms of Defense

When considering transfusions or transplants, it is more difficult to match blood than to match tissue types because blood cells have more self markers on their surface.

The following is a list of steps involved in the process of phagocytosis. Which of the following answers indicates these steps in the CORRECT order? 1. Lysosome fuses with the vesicle containing a foreign cell. 2) Wastes from the foreign cell are removed. 3) Foreign cell is surrounded by the cell membrane of the phagocyte. 4) Lysosomal enzymes break down the foreign cell. 5) Foreign cell is contained within a vesicle.

The main cell of the immune system targeted by HIV is the ________.

All of the following are involved in the inflammatory response EXCEPT

T helper cells release ________, proteins that stimulate the activity of other T cells and macrophages; these chemicals stimulate inflammation as well.

Which of the following antibodies would most likely be involved with the immune response against a microorganism entering the digestive or reproductive tract?

Which of the following leukocytes kills its target cells, such as cancer cells or virus-infected cells, by releasing chemicals that break down the target cell membrane?

Once a macrophage engulfs a bacterium, what happens to the foreign cell?

Inflammation generally results when tissues become damaged and ________ cells respond by releasing histamine.

The unique set of proteins located on the surface of cells that distinguish one organism from another are the ________.

All of the following are routinely done to assure a successful organ transplant and minimize the chance of organ rejection EXCEPT which one?

Which of the following best describes Phase I of HIV infection?

Antibiotics kill bacterial cells but do not (usually) damage human cells by taking advantage of the difference between human and bacterial cells. These differences include

Cell-mediated immunity involves the activity of ________ lymphocytes.

Developing strategies for treating HIV infection and preventing AIDS in sub-Saharan Africa have been complicated by

Individuals infected with HIV produce antibodies, but these antibodies don't prevent progression to Phase II and Phase III of infection.

Antibodies are classified by size, location, and function, and which one of the following represents the most common type of immunoglobulin?

Antibiotics are most likely to be effective in the treatment of infections caused by

Which one of the following is TRUE regarding the spleen?

Helicobacter pylori can survive the acidic conditions of the human stomach and have been found to cause the development of stomach ________.