Question 1

Which of the following types of ES is required for ES of denervated muscle?

Accepted Answer

A)  Direct current (D
C)  
B)  Alternating current (A
C)  
C)  Biphasic pulsed 
D)  Interferential 
A)  Direct current (D
C)  
B)  Alternating current (A
C)  
C)  Biphasic pulsed 
D)  Interferential A

Question 2

Which of the following parameters can be decreased to help limit fatigue during NMES?

Accepted Answer

A)  Frequency 
B)  Fall-time 
C)  Off-time 
D)  Interpulse interval 
A)  Frequency 
B)  Fall-time 
C)  Off-time 
D)  Interpulse interval A

Question 3

Which of the following sensitivity settings when performing biofeedback is the most sensitive setting for detecting muscle activity?

Accepted Answer

A)  1 μV 
B)  10 μV 
C)  100 μV 
D)  1,000 μV 
A)  1 μV 
B)  10 μV 
C)  100 μV 
D)  1,000 μV A

Question 4

What two goals do biofeedback and electrotherapy have in common?

Accepted Answer

A)  Stimulation and recruitment of muscle fibers 
B)  Enhancement of circulatory dynamics and reduction of muscle spasm 
C)  Increase in muscle strength and motor unit recruitment 
D)  Reduction of pain 
A)  Stimulation and recruitment of muscle fibers 
B)  Enhancement of circulatory dynamics and reduction of muscle spasm 
C)  Increase in muscle strength and motor unit recruitment 
D)  Reduction of pain

Question 5

Which of the following is a contraindication for biofeedback?

Accepted Answer

A)  Muscle spasticity 
B)  Diabetes 
C)  Peripheral neuropathy 
D)  There are no contraindications for biofeedback. 
A)  Muscle spasticity 
B)  Diabetes 
C)  Peripheral neuropathy 
D)  There are no contraindications for biofeedback.

Question 6

Which of the following ranges of frequencies represents the force-frequency relationship?

Accepted Answer

A)  10 to 20 Hz 
B)  30 to 50 Hz 
C)  50 to 80 Hz 
D)  80 to 100 Hz 
A)  10 to 20 Hz 
B)  30 to 50 Hz 
C)  50 to 80 Hz 
D)  80 to 100 Hz

Question 7

An advantage of NMES recruitment of muscle fiber type compared to voluntary recruitment is which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  Activation of slow fibers at higher contraction intensities 
B)  Asynchronous recruitment of muscle fibers 
C)  Activation of fast fibers at lower contraction intensities 
D)  Instantaneous recruitment of muscle fibers 
A)  Activation of slow fibers at higher contraction intensities 
B)  Asynchronous recruitment of muscle fibers 
C)  Activation of fast fibers at lower contraction intensities 
D)  Instantaneous recruitment of muscle fibers

Question 8

A possible limitation of NMES is which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  The inability of NMES to achieve greater than 50% maximum voluntary contraction (MV
C) . 
B)  Recruitment of fast fibers occurs before recruitment of slow fibers. 
C)  Firing frequencies of muscle fibers are lower than frequencies used during NMES. 
D)  Duration of NMES treatments is much longer than comparable voluntary strengthening programs. 
A)  The inability of NMES to achieve greater than 50% maximum voluntary contraction (MV
C) . 
B)  Recruitment of fast fibers occurs before recruitment of slow fibers. 
C)  Firing frequencies of muscle fibers are lower than frequencies used during NMES. 
D)  Duration of NMES treatments is much longer than comparable voluntary strengthening programs.

Question 9

Studies using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to determine the amount of muscle used during NMES have found which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  Only motor units near the skin's surface are activated. 
B)  Motor units throughout the muscle are activated. 
C)  Only motor units directly under the electrodes are activated. 
D)  Motor units in the deep part of the muscle near bone are not activated. 
A)  Only motor units near the skin's surface are activated. 
B)  Motor units throughout the muscle are activated. 
C)  Only motor units directly under the electrodes are activated. 
D)  Motor units in the deep part of the muscle near bone are not activated.

Question 10

Which of the following is the key factor in the efficacy of NMES strengthening protocols?

Accepted Answer

A)  Size of electrodes placed over the muscle to be stimulated 
B)  Selection of electrical stimulation (ES) waveform 
C)  Age and sex of the patient 
D)  Intensity of training 
A)  Size of electrodes placed over the muscle to be stimulated 
B)  Selection of electrical stimulation (ES) waveform 
C)  Age and sex of the patient 
D)  Intensity of training

Question 11

The recommended amplitude for NMES to achieve a given level of muscle force is termed which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  Dosage 
B)  Quantum 
C)  Threshold 
D)  Frequency 
A)  Dosage 
B)  Quantum 
C)  Threshold 
D)  Frequency

Question 12

Increases in strength of the quadriceps following the first 2 weeks of neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) treatments are most likely secondary to which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  Changes in motor unit recruitment 
B)  Increases in nerve conduction velocity 
C)  Hypertrophy of muscle size 
D)  Decreases in tissue resistance to current 
A)  Changes in motor unit recruitment 
B)  Increases in nerve conduction velocity 
C)  Hypertrophy of muscle size 
D)  Decreases in tissue resistance to current

Question 13

Research studies on the effect of NMES on quadriceps strength following anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction found increased strength in the quadriceps using which of the following stimulation intensities?

Accepted Answer

A)  10% below muscle contraction 
B)  50% of maximum voluntary contraction 
C)  100% maximum voluntary contraction 
D)  Maximum tolerated current 
A)  10% below muscle contraction 
B)  50% of maximum voluntary contraction 
C)  100% maximum voluntary contraction 
D)  Maximum tolerated current

Question 14

When selecting a stimulator for NMES, which of the following types of stimulators will be effective?

Accepted Answer

A)  Only large line-powered NMES devices 
B)  Only portable battery-operated NMES devices 
C)  Either line-powered or battery-operated NMES devices 
D)  Any device, including TENS and direct current (D
C)  devices 
A)  Only large line-powered NMES devices 
B)  Only portable battery-operated NMES devices 
C)  Either line-powered or battery-operated NMES devices 
D)  Any device, including TENS and direct current (D
C)  devices

Question 15

During NMES, what pattern of recruitment of motor units will most likely occur?

Accepted Answer

A)  Spatial and temporal 
B)  Smallest to largest 
C)  Largest to smallest 
D)  Only the largest motor units will be recruited. 
A)  Spatial and temporal 
B)  Smallest to largest 
C)  Largest to smallest 
D)  Only the largest motor units will be recruited.

Question 16

Electrode placements for NMES applications depend on which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  Location of the joint line 
B)  Ratio of muscle fiber size to the size of the entire muscle 
C)  Predominant type of muscle fibers in the muscle to be stimulated 
D)  Size and location of the targeted muscle 
A)  Location of the joint line 
B)  Ratio of muscle fiber size to the size of the entire muscle 
C)  Predominant type of muscle fibers in the muscle to be stimulated 
D)  Size and location of the targeted muscle

Which of the following types of ES is required for ES of denervated muscle?

Which of the following parameters can be decreased to help limit fatigue during NMES?

Which of the following sensitivity settings when performing biofeedback is the most sensitive setting for detecting muscle activity?

What two goals do biofeedback and electrotherapy have in common?

Which of the following is a contraindication for biofeedback?

Which of the following ranges of frequencies represents the force-frequency relationship?

An advantage of NMES recruitment of muscle fiber type compared to voluntary recruitment is which of the following?

A possible limitation of NMES is which of the following?

Studies using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to determine the amount of muscle used during NMES have found which of the following?

Which of the following is the key factor in the efficacy of NMES strengthening protocols?

The recommended amplitude for NMES to achieve a given level of muscle force is termed which of the following?

Increases in strength of the quadriceps following the first 2 weeks of neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) treatments are most likely secondary to which of the following?

Research studies on the effect of NMES on quadriceps strength following anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction found increased strength in the quadriceps using which of the following stimulation intensities?

When selecting a stimulator for NMES, which of the following types of stimulators will be effective?

During NMES, what pattern of recruitment of motor units will most likely occur?

Electrode placements for NMES applications depend on which of the following?

Therapeutic Modalities Past, Present, and Future: Their Roles in the Patient Care Management Model

Cold Therapy Modalities

Therapeutic Heat

Therapeutic Ultrasound

Hydrotherapy: the Use of Water As a Therapeutic Agent

Electromagnetic Modalities: Laser, Diathermy, and Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields

Spinal Traction

Intermittent Pneumatic Compression

Foundations of Clinical Electrotherapy

Clinical Electrical Stimulation: Application and Techniques

Mechanisms of Pain and Use of Therapeutic Modalities

Therapeutic Modalities for Improving Range of Motion

Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation Nmes and Functional Electrical Stimulation Fes in Patients With Neurological Diagnoses

Therapeutic Modalities for Tissue Healing

Alternative Modalities for Pain and Tissue Healing

Electrophysiological Testing of Nerves and Muscles

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Exam 13: Electrotherapy for Musculoskeletal Disorders

Which of the following types of ES is required for ES of denervated muscle?

Which of the following parameters can be decreased to help limit fatigue during NMES?

Which of the following sensitivity settings when performing biofeedback is the most sensitive setting for detecting muscle activity?

What two goals do biofeedback and electrotherapy have in common?

Which of the following is a contraindication for biofeedback?

Which of the following ranges of frequencies represents the force-frequency relationship?

An advantage of NMES recruitment of muscle fiber type compared to voluntary recruitment is which of the following?

A possible limitation of NMES is which of the following?

Studies using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to determine the amount of muscle used during NMES have found which of the following?

Which of the following is the key factor in the efficacy of NMES strengthening protocols?

The recommended amplitude for NMES to achieve a given level of muscle force is termed which of the following?

Increases in strength of the quadriceps following the first 2 weeks of neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) treatments are most likely secondary to which of the following?

Research studies on the effect of NMES on quadriceps strength following anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction found increased strength in the quadriceps using which of the following stimulation intensities?

When selecting a stimulator for NMES, which of the following types of stimulators will be effective?

During NMES, what pattern of recruitment of motor units will most likely occur?

Electrode placements for NMES applications depend on which of the following?

Therapeutic Modalities Past, Present, and Future: Their Roles in the Patient Care Management Model

Cold Therapy Modalities

Therapeutic Heat

Therapeutic Ultrasound

Hydrotherapy: the Use of Water As a Therapeutic Agent

Electromagnetic Modalities: Laser, Diathermy, and Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields

Spinal Traction

Intermittent Pneumatic Compression

Foundations of Clinical Electrotherapy

Clinical Electrical Stimulation: Application and Techniques

Mechanisms of Pain and Use of Therapeutic Modalities

Therapeutic Modalities for Improving Range of Motion

Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation Nmes and Functional Electrical Stimulation Fes in Patients With Neurological Diagnoses

Therapeutic Modalities for Tissue Healing

Alternative Modalities for Pain and Tissue Healing

Electrophysiological Testing of Nerves and Muscles

Filters