Question 1

Which of the following is a common clinical mistake when performing NPWT?

Accepted Answer

A)  Debriding the wound prior to treatment 
B)  Applying contact dressing in touch with the entire wound bed 
C)  Overpacking the wound with contact dressing 
D)  Leaving the dressing over the wound for several days 
A)  Debriding the wound prior to treatment 
B)  Applying contact dressing in touch with the entire wound bed 
C)  Overpacking the wound with contact dressing 
D)  Leaving the dressing over the wound for several days C

Question 2

The smallest effective dose of ultraviolet (UV) light should be used for treatment of skin conditions because?

Accepted Answer

A)  UV light can cause permanent discoloration of the skin. 
B)  The threshold for skin burns is very low and must be avoided. 
C)  Circulatory compromise has been shown to occur at higher doses. 
D)  Accumulative effects of UV light are associated with certain cancers. 
A)  UV light can cause permanent discoloration of the skin. 
B)  The threshold for skin burns is very low and must be avoided. 
C)  Circulatory compromise has been shown to occur at higher doses. 
D)  Accumulative effects of UV light are associated with certain cancers. D

Question 3

Why are HVPC or low-intensity direct current (LIDC) used most often for wound healing?

Accepted Answer

A)  Both are monophasic currents that result in a net flow of charged particles. 
B)  Neither are strong enough to cause skin burns. 
C)  Both are capable of depolarizing A-delta and C fibers that drive the healing process. 
D)  Neither require electrodes to be placed in or around the perimeter of the wound. 
A)  Both are monophasic currents that result in a net flow of charged particles. 
B)  Neither are strong enough to cause skin burns. 
C)  Both are capable of depolarizing A-delta and C fibers that drive the healing process. 
D)  Neither require electrodes to be placed in or around the perimeter of the wound. A

Question 4

Which of the following physiological effects of therapeutic heat may promote tissue healing?

Accepted Answer

A)  Stimulation of fibroblast proliferation 
B)  Decreased local cell metabolism 
C)  Decreased phagocytic activity, resulting in decreased production of cellular debris 
D)  Increased muscle contractility 
A)  Stimulation of fibroblast proliferation 
B)  Decreased local cell metabolism 
C)  Decreased phagocytic activity, resulting in decreased production of cellular debris 
D)  Increased muscle contractility

Question 5

Which of the following is unlikely to occur when electrical current is used to promote tissue repair?

Accepted Answer

A)  Migration of inflammatory cells to the site of injury 
B)  Activation of neutrophils to fight infection 
C)  Increased production of fibroblasts, adenosine 5′-triphosphate (ATP), and epithelial cells 
D)  Release of histamine to facilitate capillary vasoconstriction 
A)  Migration of inflammatory cells to the site of injury 
B)  Activation of neutrophils to fight infection 
C)  Increased production of fibroblasts, adenosine 5′-triphosphate (ATP), and epithelial cells 
D)  Release of histamine to facilitate capillary vasoconstriction

Question 6

Which of the following is thought to be the primary mechanism of action of negative-pressure wound therapy (NPWT) for wound healing?

Accepted Answer

A)  Decreased blood flow 
B)  Microdeformation of cells 
C)  Facilitation of fibrinolysis 
D)  Bacteriocidal effects 
A)  Decreased blood flow 
B)  Microdeformation of cells 
C)  Facilitation of fibrinolysis 
D)  Bacteriocidal effects

Question 7

What does the current research literature on the use of MIRE for the treatment of sensory neuropathy show?

Accepted Answer

A)  Research is conclusive that MIRE is effective in restoring sensation. 
B)  No studies demonstrate that MIRE is effective for this condition. 
C)  No consistent body of evidence exists supporting MIRE for this condition. 
D)  Research remains inconclusive regarding effectiveness and concern about harmful side effects. 
A)  Research is conclusive that MIRE is effective in restoring sensation. 
B)  No studies demonstrate that MIRE is effective for this condition. 
C)  No consistent body of evidence exists supporting MIRE for this condition. 
D)  Research remains inconclusive regarding effectiveness and concern about harmful side effects.

Question 8

Which of the following is a proposed chemical effect of IPC that promotes wound healing?

Accepted Answer

A)  Decreased production of substance P 
B)  Increased release of endogenous opioids 
C)  Decreased release of sensory neuropeptides 
D)  Increased production of nitrous oxide 
A)  Decreased production of substance P 
B)  Increased release of endogenous opioids 
C)  Decreased release of sensory neuropeptides 
D)  Increased production of nitrous oxide

Question 9

Which of the following parameters for electrical stimulation (ES) would be recommended for tissue healing of chronic wounds?

Accepted Answer

A)  Motor level direct current, negative polarity over infected wound 
B)  Motor level neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES), 50 pps, for muscle pump of muscles adjacent and distal to wound 
C)  Sensory level high-voltage pulsed current (HVP
C) , 100 pps, with negative electrode over infected wound 
D)  Sensory level TENS, low frequency (2 to 4 pps), positive electrode over necrotic wound bed 
A)  Motor level direct current, negative polarity over infected wound 
B)  Motor level neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES), 50 pps, for muscle pump of muscles adjacent and distal to wound 
C)  Sensory level high-voltage pulsed current (HVP
C) , 100 pps, with negative electrode over infected wound 
D)  Sensory level TENS, low frequency (2 to 4 pps), positive electrode over necrotic wound bed

Question 10

Conventional pulsed ultrasound has been recommended for the inflammatory phase of tissue healing because

Accepted Answer

A)  Collagen fibers will be better aligned to prevent formation of adhesions. 
B)  A more rapid progression to the proliferative phase of healing will occur. 
C)  Greater analgesic effects occur, promoting earlier joint motion. 
D)  Enhancement of inflammation will occur, promoting greater microcirculation to tissues. 
A)  Collagen fibers will be better aligned to prevent formation of adhesions. 
B)  A more rapid progression to the proliferative phase of healing will occur. 
C)  Greater analgesic effects occur, promoting earlier joint motion. 
D)  Enhancement of inflammation will occur, promoting greater microcirculation to tissues.

Question 11

Studies have shown that low-frequency ultrasound may be effective for treatment of which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  Diabetic foot ulcers 
B)  Deep vein phlebitis 
C)  Necrotic pressure ulcers 
D)  Osteomyelitis 
A)  Diabetic foot ulcers 
B)  Deep vein phlebitis 
C)  Necrotic pressure ulcers 
D)  Osteomyelitis

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the proposed therapeutic effect of monochromatic infrared energy (MIRE)?

Accepted Answer

A)  Reduction of edema and improved lymph flow restores normal circulation. 
B)  Increased circulation leads to healthier nerves and return of sensation. 
C)  Facilitation of migration of cells to affected tissue promotes healing. 
D)  Promotion of cellular proliferation in fibroblasts facilitates healing. 
A)  Reduction of edema and improved lymph flow restores normal circulation. 
B)  Increased circulation leads to healthier nerves and return of sensation. 
C)  Facilitation of migration of cells to affected tissue promotes healing. 
D)  Promotion of cellular proliferation in fibroblasts facilitates healing.

Question 13

Which of the following is an indication for high-intensity, low-frequency ultrasound?

Accepted Answer

A)  Peripheral neuropathy 
B)  Deep skin lacerations 
C)  Necrotic infected wounds 
D)  Noninfected wounds with granulation tissue 
A)  Peripheral neuropathy 
B)  Deep skin lacerations 
C)  Necrotic infected wounds 
D)  Noninfected wounds with granulation tissue

Question 14

Which parameters of ultraviolet C (UVC) light will reduce bacterial counts in chronic wounds?

Accepted Answer

A)  UVC source perpendicular to and 1 inch from wound, repeated exposures of 10 seconds 
B)  UVC source perpendicular to and 1 inch from wound, repeated exposures of 180 seconds 
C)  UVC source 25 degrees from perpendicular to and 1 inch from wound, repeated exposure of 90 seconds 
D)  UVC source perpendicular to and 3 to 5 inches from wound, repeated exposures of 3 minutes 
A)  UVC source perpendicular to and 1 inch from wound, repeated exposures of 10 seconds 
B)  UVC source perpendicular to and 1 inch from wound, repeated exposures of 180 seconds 
C)  UVC source 25 degrees from perpendicular to and 1 inch from wound, repeated exposure of 90 seconds 
D)  UVC source perpendicular to and 3 to 5 inches from wound, repeated exposures of 3 minutes

Question 15

Which of the following is the primary benefit of using cryotherapy for tissue healing following trauma?

Accepted Answer

A)  Facilitation of fibrinogenesis 
B)  Increased intramuscular pressure 
C)  Reduction of edema 
D)  Increased number of granulocytes 
A)  Facilitation of fibrinogenesis 
B)  Increased intramuscular pressure 
C)  Reduction of edema 
D)  Increased number of granulocytes

Question 16

The recommended range of water pressure for pulsed lavage with concurrent suction (PLWCS) is

Accepted Answer

A)  4 to 15 pounds per square inch 
B)  20 to 40 kilograms per cubic centimeter 
C)  100 to 150 pounds per square foot 
D)  500 to 1,000 grams per cubic meter 
A)  4 to 15 pounds per square inch 
B)  20 to 40 kilograms per cubic centimeter 
C)  100 to 150 pounds per square foot 
D)  500 to 1,000 grams per cubic meter

Question 17

The role of the inflammatory process that occurs following soft tissue injury can best be described as

Accepted Answer

A)  Excessive and counterproductive to healing 
B)  Critical for successful tissue healing 
C)  Inadequate to promote scar formation 
D)  Required so the central nervous system (CNS) can produce mucopolysaccharides 
A)  Excessive and counterproductive to healing 
B)  Critical for successful tissue healing 
C)  Inadequate to promote scar formation 
D)  Required so the central nervous system (CNS) can produce mucopolysaccharides

Question 18

What is the purpose of the minimal erythema dose (MED) test?

Accepted Answer

A)  To calibrate the UV light with the wavelength of the skin's radiation 
B)  To determine the time at which a mild sunburn is produced 
C)  To determine the depth of penetration of the UV light 
D)  To calculate the dosage required to raise the temperature of the skin 2°C 
A)  To calibrate the UV light with the wavelength of the skin's radiation 
B)  To determine the time at which a mild sunburn is produced 
C)  To determine the depth of penetration of the UV light 
D)  To calculate the dosage required to raise the temperature of the skin 2°C

Question 19

Which of the following represents the recommended duration and frequency of treatment for chronic wounds when using ES?

Accepted Answer

A)  15 minutes per day, 2 to 4 days per week 
B)  30 minutes per day, 3 days per week 
C)  45 minutes per day, 5 days per week 
D)  60 minutes per day, 7 days per week 
A)  15 minutes per day, 2 to 4 days per week 
B)  30 minutes per day, 3 days per week 
C)  45 minutes per day, 5 days per week 
D)  60 minutes per day, 7 days per week

Question 20

The primary indication for hydrotherapy in wound healing is

Accepted Answer

A)  Mechanical debridement 
B)  Reduction of edema 
C)  Facilitation of phagocytosis 
D)  Softening of granulation tissue 
A)  Mechanical debridement 
B)  Reduction of edema 
C)  Facilitation of phagocytosis 
D)  Softening of granulation tissue

Which of the following is a common clinical mistake when performing NPWT?

The smallest effective dose of ultraviolet (UV) light should be used for treatment of skin conditions because?

Why are HVPC or low-intensity direct current (LIDC) used most often for wound healing?

Which of the following physiological effects of therapeutic heat may promote tissue healing?

Which of the following is unlikely to occur when electrical current is used to promote tissue repair?

Which of the following is thought to be the primary mechanism of action of negative-pressure wound therapy (NPWT) for wound healing?

What does the current research literature on the use of MIRE for the treatment of sensory neuropathy show?

Which of the following is a proposed chemical effect of IPC that promotes wound healing?

Which of the following parameters for electrical stimulation (ES) would be recommended for tissue healing of chronic wounds?

Conventional pulsed ultrasound has been recommended for the inflammatory phase of tissue healing because

Studies have shown that low-frequency ultrasound may be effective for treatment of which of the following?

Which of the following best describes the proposed therapeutic effect of monochromatic infrared energy (MIRE)?

Which of the following is an indication for high-intensity, low-frequency ultrasound?

Which parameters of ultraviolet C (UVC) light will reduce bacterial counts in chronic wounds?

Which of the following is the primary benefit of using cryotherapy for tissue healing following trauma?

The recommended range of water pressure for pulsed lavage with concurrent suction (PLWCS) is

The role of the inflammatory process that occurs following soft tissue injury can best be described as

What is the purpose of the minimal erythema dose (MED) test?

Which of the following represents the recommended duration and frequency of treatment for chronic wounds when using ES?

The primary indication for hydrotherapy in wound healing is

Therapeutic Modalities Past, Present, and Future: Their Roles in the Patient Care Management Model

Cold Therapy Modalities

Therapeutic Heat

Therapeutic Ultrasound

Hydrotherapy: the Use of Water As a Therapeutic Agent

Electromagnetic Modalities: Laser, Diathermy, and Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields

Spinal Traction

Intermittent Pneumatic Compression

Foundations of Clinical Electrotherapy

Clinical Electrical Stimulation: Application and Techniques

Mechanisms of Pain and Use of Therapeutic Modalities

Therapeutic Modalities for Improving Range of Motion

Electrotherapy for Musculoskeletal Disorders

Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation Nmes and Functional Electrical Stimulation Fes in Patients With Neurological Diagnoses

Alternative Modalities for Pain and Tissue Healing

Electrophysiological Testing of Nerves and Muscles

Filters

Exam 15: Therapeutic Modalities for Tissue Healing

Which of the following is a common clinical mistake when performing NPWT?

The smallest effective dose of ultraviolet (UV) light should be used for treatment of skin conditions because?

Why are HVPC or low-intensity direct current (LIDC) used most often for wound healing?

Which of the following physiological effects of therapeutic heat may promote tissue healing?

Which of the following is unlikely to occur when electrical current is used to promote tissue repair?

Which of the following is thought to be the primary mechanism of action of negative-pressure wound therapy (NPWT) for wound healing?

What does the current research literature on the use of MIRE for the treatment of sensory neuropathy show?

Which of the following is a proposed chemical effect of IPC that promotes wound healing?

Which of the following parameters for electrical stimulation (ES) would be recommended for tissue healing of chronic wounds?

Conventional pulsed ultrasound has been recommended for the inflammatory phase of tissue healing because

Studies have shown that low-frequency ultrasound may be effective for treatment of which of the following?

Which of the following best describes the proposed therapeutic effect of monochromatic infrared energy (MIRE)?

Which of the following is an indication for high-intensity, low-frequency ultrasound?

Which parameters of ultraviolet C (UVC) light will reduce bacterial counts in chronic wounds?

Which of the following is the primary benefit of using cryotherapy for tissue healing following trauma?

The recommended range of water pressure for pulsed lavage with concurrent suction (PLWCS) is

The role of the inflammatory process that occurs following soft tissue injury can best be described as

What is the purpose of the minimal erythema dose (MED) test?

Which of the following represents the recommended duration and frequency of treatment for chronic wounds when using ES?

The primary indication for hydrotherapy in wound healing is

Therapeutic Modalities Past, Present, and Future: Their Roles in the Patient Care Management Model

Cold Therapy Modalities

Therapeutic Heat

Therapeutic Ultrasound

Hydrotherapy: the Use of Water As a Therapeutic Agent

Electromagnetic Modalities: Laser, Diathermy, and Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields

Spinal Traction

Intermittent Pneumatic Compression

Foundations of Clinical Electrotherapy

Clinical Electrical Stimulation: Application and Techniques

Mechanisms of Pain and Use of Therapeutic Modalities

Therapeutic Modalities for Improving Range of Motion

Electrotherapy for Musculoskeletal Disorders

Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation Nmes and Functional Electrical Stimulation Fes in Patients With Neurological Diagnoses

Alternative Modalities for Pain and Tissue Healing

Electrophysiological Testing of Nerves and Muscles

Filters