Exam 3: Audiences: Social Scientists Address Needs, Attitudes, and Beliefs

The characteristics of a small group that distinguishes it from a dyad are:

The mere exposure theory states that repeated exposure to an unfamiliar stimulus has the following effect:

Vance Packard created the pyramid of needs model.

Mass communication is less potent than interpersonal communication in shaping our understanding of ourselves and our world.

The characteristics of a dyad in interpersonal communication are:

Small-group communication involves at least 3 people and a maximum of 25 with a common goal and awareness of each participant.

Televised presidential debates have been a tradition in the United States since 1950.

Martin Fishbein and Isaac Ajzen's theory of reasoned action addresses which one of these options?

The ELM theory stated that when listeners do not know that much about a subject, they are more likely to be influenced by the speaker or source of the message.

Expectancy violation theories focus upon socially sanctioned behaviors in language, nonverbal communication, and social role definitions that are not followed.

Mere exposure is more effective when it takes place without conscious awareness.

During the 1950s communication research began to explore the philosophical questions in the laboratories of Yale University through the efforts of which social scientist?

In Thomas Peters and Robert Waterman's book, In Search of Excellence, they found the vital reason for success in the best-run American companies to be:

Most people experience some doubts after making a decision, and this phenomenon is known as the free-choice paradigm in cognitive dissonance.

Define audience demographics and psychographics. Give examples of each and discuss what they have to do with persuasion.

A. H. Maslow constructed a "pyramid of needs" that he divided into deficit needs and being needs. Which of the following did he include in the being needs?

Although audiences are impressed with the reputation or credentials (ethos) of a speaker they know, they can change their minds either positively or negatively during the speech. This is called:

Television audiences who only heard the 1960 debate between Kennedy and Nixon believed Nixon won, but those who saw the debates believed Kennedy won.

Milton Rokeach studied beliefs and divided them into four categories. Which one of these did he say was most resistant to change?

Vance Packard wrote about the hidden persuaders, which explained underlying needs and desires of consumers. He coined which phrase?