Exam 7: Behavior and Its Consequences

A food vending machine presents a variety of options, many with different prices. If we think of price as the equivalent of effort or behavior (i.e., putting in more money requires more effort), the food machine options can be seen as an example of a _______ schedule.

A behavior analyst states that cheating behavior in romantic relationships is predicted by the matching law. Therefore, this analyst predicts that as the ratio of reinforcement received from you by your partner decreases relative to the reinforcement received from another person, the amount of time your partner spends with the other person will increase. What important assumptions must the behavior analyst be making?

Reinforcers that have intrinsic value are called _______, whereas reinforcers that have to acquire value are called _______.

According to Hull's theory of reinforcement,

Which scenario best illustrates the Premack principle?

When psychologists characterize behavior as being controlled by its consequences, they are referring to a principle of

Guthrie and Horton's attempt to demonstrate that cats could solve Thorndike's puzzle box problem via contiguity illustrated instead that

In a study of various medical labs in a certain city, researchers find that some labs have higher error rates than others for reading slides from a variety of medical tests. The researchers find that labs with the highest error rates pay slide readers a flat fee per slide, rather than by the hour. To reduce the high error rates, the labs should be advised to pay slide readers according to a _______ schedule rather than a _______ schedule.

Which statement below about the theoretical construct called "Drive" is correct?

Many cafeterias have different prices for lunch and dinner offerings, even though the food is the same for both meals. This mixed food pricing, which requires the consumer to pay more depending on the time of day, is a type of _______ schedule.

A procedure often used to study preferences or relative reinforcement effects in operant and economic research uses several different schedules, each of which is cued by a distinct stimulus, with only one present at a given time. This procedure for studying schedule preferences uses a _______ schedule.

Guthrie proposed that instrumental learning

Which statement below is not one of the assumptions of Guthrie's instrumental learning approach?

Impulsiveness is most likely to occur

Compare and contrast Premack's principle with behavior regulation theory.

Doctors and radiology technicians must be able to recognize cancer cells among other tissue structures in X-rays. Describe how you might use errorless discrimination learning to help teach medical professional the difference between scans with and without cancer.

Which statement about interval and ratio schedules is false?

Premack assumed that the real or effective contingency operates between

A rat gets a food pellet every time it presses a lever five times. The rat is on a(n) _______ schedule.

In learning terms, rewards like gold stars and trophies are characterized as