Question 1

According to James, chance is

Accepted Answer

A)  The negative claim that the past does not necessitate the future. 
B)  The negative claim that nothing is real. 
C)  The positive claim that the future is bad. 
D)  The view that nothing follows from our decisions. 
A)  The negative claim that the past does not necessitate the future. 
B)  The negative claim that nothing is real. 
C)  The positive claim that the future is bad. 
D)  The view that nothing follows from our decisions. A

Question 2

James thinks that determinism involves a less rational conception of things than does indeterminism.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 3

Do you think that actions can be intelligible but not deterministically caused? Explain.

Accepted Answer

Yes, it is possible for actions to be intelligible but not deterministically caused. Intelligible actions are those that can be understood or explained, while deterministically caused actions are those that are the result of specific causes and conditions.

For example, a person may make a decision based on their values, beliefs, and desires, which can be understood and explained, but the specific outcome of their decision may not be determined by any specific cause. This could be due to the presence of randomness, uncertainty, or free will in the decision-making process.

Furthermore, in the realm of quantum mechanics, there is evidence to suggest that certain events at the subatomic level are not deterministically caused, but can still be intelligible within the framework of probabilistic explanations.

In summary, while actions can be intelligible in that they can be understood or explained, they may not always be deterministically caused, leaving room for the possibility of indeterminism, free will, or randomness in human behavior and the natural world.

Question 4

According to philosophical tradition, no choice is free unless it is

Accepted Answer

A)  The function of antecedent conditions. 
B)  Caused. 
C)  Uncaused. 
D)  Both a and b 
A)  The function of antecedent conditions. 
B)  Caused. 
C)  Uncaused. 
D)  Both a and b

Question 5

On Stace's view, the problem of free will is more apparent than real.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Frankfurt argues against

Accepted Answer

A)  Soft determinism. 
B)  The principle of alternative possibilities. 
C)  The principle of right action. 
D)  The existence of free will. 
A)  Soft determinism. 
B)  The principle of alternative possibilities. 
C)  The principle of right action. 
D)  The existence of free will.

Question 7

According to one view Nagel discusses, an action can be free and causally determined if

Accepted Answer

A)  The agent is forced to act by someone else. 
B)  The action is determined by psychological causes. 
C)  The agent accepts responsibility for the action. 
D)  None of the above. 
A)  The agent is forced to act by someone else. 
B)  The action is determined by psychological causes. 
C)  The agent accepts responsibility for the action. 
D)  None of the above.

Question 8

Why does Hume think that, properly understood, the doctrines of necessity and liberty are compatible? Do you agree?

Accepted Answer

A good essay will:
• Describe how Hume d

Question 9

Churchland insists that her neurobiological approach to human behavior is no threat to our self-esteem or sense of self-worth. Do you agree? Why or why not?

Accepted Answer

I agree with Churchland that her neurobi

Question 10

When applied to voluntary actions, Hume understands liberty to mean

Accepted Answer

A)  The power to act in the absence of any causal influence. 
B)  The power to act according to the determinations of the will. 
C)  The power to act on the basis of chance. 
D)  Both b and c 
A)  The power to act in the absence of any causal influence. 
B)  The power to act according to the determinations of the will. 
C)  The power to act on the basis of chance. 
D)  Both b and c

Question 11

Hume thinks that the dispute regarding free will shows that we are profoundly knowledgeable about the relation of cause and effect.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Churchland suggests that the traditional understanding of free will needs to be

Accepted Answer

A)  Rejected. 
B)  Modified. 
C)  Defended. 
D)  Clarified. 
A)  Rejected. 
B)  Modified. 
C)  Defended. 
D)  Clarified.

Question 13

Stace's definition of "free will"

Accepted Answer

A)  Is incompatible with determinism. 
B)  Appeals to external forces. 
C)  Is idiosyncratic. 
D)  Appeals to the agent's psychological states. 
A)  Is incompatible with determinism. 
B)  Appeals to external forces. 
C)  Is idiosyncratic. 
D)  Appeals to the agent's psychological states.

Question 14

Do you agree with James that chance is not as bad as the determinist takes it to be? Explain.

Accepted Answer

I agree with James that chance is not as

Question 15

The agent in a Frankfurt-style case gains capacities because of the context.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

According to Churchland, choices are made

Accepted Answer

A)  By brains. 
B)  Independently to all causal influences. 
C)  By a discrete neural network called "the will." 
D)  None of the above. 
A)  By brains. 
B)  Independently to all causal influences. 
C)  By a discrete neural network called "the will." 
D)  None of the above.

Question 17

How does Stace define "free will"? Do you agree with his definition? Explain.

Accepted Answer

Stace defines "free will" as the ability

Question 18

Critics of hard determinism

Accepted Answer

A)  Claim it overlooks the results of quantum mechanics. 
B)  Reject its denial of moral responsibility. 
C)  Both a and 
D)  Point out its ambiguous definition of "freedom." 
A)  Claim it overlooks the results of quantum mechanics. 
B)  Reject its denial of moral responsibility. 
C)  Both a and 
D)  Point out its ambiguous definition of "freedom."

Question 19

According to Churchland, a __________ is a freely chosen action.

Accepted Answer

A)  Startle response to a thunderclap. 
B)  Coerced confession. 
C)  Toddler's wetting his pants. 
D)  None of the above. 
A)  Startle response to a thunderclap. 
B)  Coerced confession. 
C)  Toddler's wetting his pants. 
D)  None of the above.

Question 20

According to Churchland, we must hold people responsible for their actions because

Accepted Answer

A)  Our ability to flourish as social animals requires limiting antisocial behavior. 
B)  It is a necessary requirement for achieving justice in society. 
C)  Both a and b 
D)  Neither a nor b 
A)  Our ability to flourish as social animals requires limiting antisocial behavior. 
B)  It is a necessary requirement for achieving justice in society. 
C)  Both a and b 
D)  Neither a nor b

According to James, chance is

James thinks that determinism involves a less rational conception of things than does indeterminism.

Do you think that actions can be intelligible but not deterministically caused? Explain.

According to philosophical tradition, no choice is free unless it is

On Stace's view, the problem of free will is more apparent than real.

Frankfurt argues against

According to one view Nagel discusses, an action can be free and causally determined if

Why does Hume think that, properly understood, the doctrines of necessity and liberty are compatible? Do you agree?

Churchland insists that her neurobiological approach to human behavior is no threat to our self-esteem or sense of self-worth. Do you agree? Why or why not?

When applied to voluntary actions, Hume understands liberty to mean

Hume thinks that the dispute regarding free will shows that we are profoundly knowledgeable about the relation of cause and effect.

Churchland suggests that the traditional understanding of free will needs to be

Stace's definition of "free will"

Do you agree with James that chance is not as bad as the determinist takes it to be? Explain.

The agent in a Frankfurt-style case gains capacities because of the context.

According to Churchland, choices are made

How does Stace define "free will"? Do you agree with his definition? Explain.

Critics of hard determinism

According to Churchland, a __________ is a freely chosen action.

According to Churchland, we must hold people responsible for their actions because

What Is Philosophy

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Exam 5: Free Will

According to James, chance is

James thinks that determinism involves a less rational conception of things than does indeterminism.

Do you think that actions can be intelligible but not deterministically caused? Explain.

According to philosophical tradition, no choice is free unless it is

On Stace's view, the problem of free will is more apparent than real.

Frankfurt argues against

According to one view Nagel discusses, an action can be free and causally determined if

Why does Hume think that, properly understood, the doctrines of necessity and liberty are compatible? Do you agree?

Churchland insists that her neurobiological approach to human behavior is no threat to our self-esteem or sense of self-worth. Do you agree? Why or why not?

When applied to voluntary actions, Hume understands liberty to mean

Hume thinks that the dispute regarding free will shows that we are profoundly knowledgeable about the relation of cause and effect.

Churchland suggests that the traditional understanding of free will needs to be

Stace's definition of "free will"

Do you agree with James that chance is not as bad as the determinist takes it to be? Explain.

The agent in a Frankfurt-style case gains capacities because of the context.

According to Churchland, choices are made

How does Stace define "free will"? Do you agree with his definition? Explain.

Critics of hard determinism

According to Churchland, a __________ is a freely chosen action.

According to Churchland, we must hold people responsible for their actions because

What Is Philosophy

The Elements of Argument

Knowing Vs Thinking

Mind

Identity

God

Moral Theory

Moral Problems

Society

Social Justice

Art

The Meaning of Life

Asian Outlooks

Filters