Question 1

During inspiration, the expansion of the lungs causes:

Accepted Answer

A)  cohesion of visceral and parietal pleura. 
B)  a pressure gradient from alveoli to atmosphere. 
C)  a decrease in alveolar pressure. 
D)  an increase in intrathoracic pressure from about -6 to -4 mm Hg. 
A)  cohesion of visceral and parietal pleura. 
B)  a pressure gradient from alveoli to atmosphere. 
C)  a decrease in alveolar pressure. 
D)  an increase in intrathoracic pressure from about -6 to -4 mm Hg.

Question 2

At the time between inspiration and expiration, the air in the lungs must be at atmospheric pressure.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

In both inspiration and expiration, air moves down a pressure gradient.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

In normal breathing, the inspiratory reserve volume is greater than the expiratory reserve volume.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

An apparatus called a spirometer is used to measure the volume of air exchanged in breathing.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

A rise in the carbon dioxide partial pressure is frequently linked to a rise in pH.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Which muscles are used for forced expiration?

Accepted Answer

A)  Sternocleidomastoid and abdominal muscles 
B)  Sternocleidomastoid and intercostals 
C)  External intercostals and pectoralis muscles 
D)  Abdominal muscles and internal intercostals 
A)  Sternocleidomastoid and abdominal muscles 
B)  Sternocleidomastoid and intercostals 
C)  External intercostals and pectoralis muscles 
D)  Abdominal muscles and internal intercostals

Question 8

Why would a collapsed right lung, due to a pneumothorax, also collapse the left lung?

Accepted Answer

A)  The mediastinum is a mobile rather than a rigid partition between the two pleural sacs, thereby allowing the increased pressure in the side of the chest that is open to push the heart and other mediastinal structures toward the intact side, where they can exert pressure on the left lung. 
B)  Subatmospheric pressure increases from its normal level and thereby moves from high pressure area (right lung) to low pressure area (left lung). 
C)  When intrathoracic pressure increases, the mediastinum softens and thereby allows the increased pressure in the side of the chest that is open to push the heart and mediastinal structures toward the intact side, where they can exert pressure on the left lung. 
D)  Intrathoracic pressure increases from its subatmospheric level to an atmospheric level, thereby allowing the pressure within the chest to increase in proportion to the volume of the thorax. 
A)  The mediastinum is a mobile rather than a rigid partition between the two pleural sacs, thereby allowing the increased pressure in the side of the chest that is open to push the heart and other mediastinal structures toward the intact side, where they can exert pressure on the left lung. 
B)  Subatmospheric pressure increases from its normal level and thereby moves from high pressure area (right lung) to low pressure area (left lung). 
C)  When intrathoracic pressure increases, the mediastinum softens and thereby allows the increased pressure in the side of the chest that is open to push the heart and mediastinal structures toward the intact side, where they can exert pressure on the left lung. 
D)  Intrathoracic pressure increases from its subatmospheric level to an atmospheric level, thereby allowing the pressure within the chest to increase in proportion to the volume of the thorax.

Question 9

Normal, quiet breathing is known as:

Accepted Answer

A)  orthopnea. 
B)  hyperpnea. 
C)  dyspnea. 
D)  eupnea. 
A)  orthopnea. 
B)  hyperpnea. 
C)  dyspnea. 
D)  eupnea.

Question 10

Match each pulmonary volume with its corresponding description or definition.
-Volume of air equal to IRV + ERV + TV

Accepted Answer

A) Tidal volume 
B) Vital capacity 
C) Inspiratory reserve volume 
D) Expiratory reserve volume 
E) Residual volume
F)Minimal air 
A) Tidal volume 
B) Vital capacity 
C) Inspiratory reserve volume 
D) Expiratory reserve volume 
E) Residual volume
F)Minimal air

Question 11

Peak flow can be measured by a simple, handheld spirometer.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

As the blood volume in the lung increases, the vital capacity increases.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Quiet expiration is normally a passive process.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Match each type of breathing with its corresponding definition.
-Labored or difficult breathing; often associated with hypoventilation

Accepted Answer

A) Dyspnea 
B) Cheyne-Stokes respiration 
C) Eupnea 
D) Hypoventilation 
E) Biot breathing
F)Hyperventilation
G)Hyperpnea
H)Orthopnea
I)Apneusis
J)Apnea 
A) Dyspnea 
B) Cheyne-Stokes respiration 
C) Eupnea 
D) Hypoventilation 
E) Biot breathing
F)Hyperventilation
G)Hyperpnea
H)Orthopnea
I)Apneusis
J)Apnea

Question 15

As lung compliance decreases, the efficiency of respiration increases.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Orthopnea can be relieved by assuming an erect posture.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

If the tidal volume were 600 ml, the alveolar ventilation would be about _____ ml.

Accepted Answer

A)  550 
B)  400 
C)  300 
D)  250 
A)  550 
B)  400 
C)  300 
D)  250

Question 18

Define pneumothorax, and discuss its potential effect on respiration.

Accepted Answer

Pneumothorax is a medical condition in w

Question 19

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a broad term used to describe conditions of progressive obstruction of expiratory airflow.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Residual volume and minimal volume make up about 5% of vital capacity.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 36: Ventilation

During inspiration, the expansion of the lungs causes:

At the time between inspiration and expiration, the air in the lungs must be at atmospheric pressure.

In both inspiration and expiration, air moves down a pressure gradient.

In normal breathing, the inspiratory reserve volume is greater than the expiratory reserve volume.

An apparatus called a spirometer is used to measure the volume of air exchanged in breathing.

A rise in the carbon dioxide partial pressure is frequently linked to a rise in pH.

Which muscles are used for forced expiration?

Why would a collapsed right lung, due to a pneumothorax, also collapse the left lung?

Normal, quiet breathing is known as:

Match each pulmonary volume with its corresponding description or definition. -Volume of air equal to IRV + ERV + TV

Peak flow can be measured by a simple, handheld spirometer.

As the blood volume in the lung increases, the vital capacity increases.

Quiet expiration is normally a passive process.

Match each type of breathing with its corresponding definition. -Labored or difficult breathing; often associated with hypoventilation

As lung compliance decreases, the efficiency of respiration increases.

Orthopnea can be relieved by assuming an erect posture.

If the tidal volume were 600 ml, the alveolar ventilation would be about _____ ml.

Define pneumothorax, and discuss its potential effect on respiration.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a broad term used to describe conditions of progressive obstruction of expiratory airflow.

Residual volume and minimal volume make up about 5% of vital capacity.

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