Exam 6: Cell Function

Proenzymes are unable to act as a catalyst in any type of chemical reaction.

If a cell were placed in a hypotonic solution:

The three processes that comprise cellular respiration are glycolysis, the citric acid cycle, and the proton transport system.

After phagocytosis occurs, enzymes from which organelle can digest what is in the vesicle?

Special membrane channels called aquaporins assist the diffusion of water across the cell membrane.

The small water channels in the cell membrane are called:

An enzyme is a catalyst.

A nurse was instructed to dissolve a pill in a small amount of liquid medication. As she dropped the capsule into the liquid, she was interrupted by a telephone call. On her return to the medication cart, she found the medication had completely dissolved and apparently scattered evenly throughout the liquid. This phenomenon did not surprise her, because she was aware from her knowledge of cell transport that _____ had created this distribution. Explain this phenomenon.

The enzyme that catalyzes the formation of sucrose is probably specific to that reaction.

Briefly explain the citric acid cycle. Name the energy molecules produced, and explain how many of each are produced.

Gated membrane channels can be opened and closed only by chemical stimuli.

The force of a fluid pushing against a surface could be described as _____ pressure.

The citric acid cycle and electron transport system are located in the Golgi apparatus.

Water will move through the cell membrane by:

Red blood cells placed in a hypertonic solution may be destroyed because the blood cells will lyse.

The active transport process involving pumps requires both a carrier system and cellular energy.

Describe a hypertonic solution and a hypotonic solution. Explain what would happen to a cell if it were put into each of these solutions.

The physical process by which water and solute move through a membrane when a hydrostatic pressure gradient exists across the membrane is the process of:

Two solutions of different concentrations of glucose are separated by a membrane that allows both glucose and water to pass through. When dynamic equilibrium is reached, there will be:

Diffusion is a characteristic of living things and will not occur in a nonliving system.