Question 1

What are the two primary components of the Ptolemaic Universe model?

Accepted Answer

The Ptolemaic model

Question 2

In the Copernican system, Earth moves slower along its orbit than the planets that lie farther from the Sun.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Kepler's analysis of planetary motion showed that the planets move _______________ when close to the Sun and _______________ when farther away.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Kepler's analysis of planetary motion showed that...

Question 4

Figure 4-9
The accompanying illustration demonstrates Copernicus's theory of ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  uniform circular motion 
B)  retrograde motion 
C)  parallax 
D)  eccentricity 
E)  heliocentric Universe 
A)  uniform circular motion 
B)  retrograde motion 
C)  parallax 
D)  eccentricity 
E)  heliocentric Universe

Question 5

Kepler's laws of planetary motion were _____ because he could not provide an explanation for his conclusions.

Accepted Answer

A)  unnatural 
B)  empirical 
C)  hypothetical 
D)  principles 
E)  assumptions 
A)  unnatural 
B)  empirical 
C)  hypothetical 
D)  principles 
E)  assumptions

Question 6

In Kepler's model of the Universe, what was the purpose of the five regular solids?

Accepted Answer

A)  To differentiate the six planets 
B)  To define the shape of each of the orbits 
C)  To describe the internal shape of each planet 
D)  To be spacers for the orbits of the six planets 
E)  To support the calculations of each orbital period 
A)  To differentiate the six planets 
B)  To define the shape of each of the orbits 
C)  To describe the internal shape of each planet 
D)  To be spacers for the orbits of the six planets 
E)  To support the calculations of each orbital period

Question 7

Greek philosophers used religion and astrology to understand the mysteries of the universe.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

What was the most controversial issue surrounding the nature of the Universe during the Renaissance?

Accepted Answer

A)  The movement of visible galaxies 
B)  The origins of the Universe 
C)  The number of planets in the Solar System 
D)  The position of Earth in the Universe 
E)  The existence of life on planets other than Earth 
A)  The movement of visible galaxies 
B)  The origins of the Universe 
C)  The number of planets in the Solar System 
D)  The position of Earth in the Universe 
E)  The existence of life on planets other than Earth

Question 9

When Tycho saw no parallax in the position of a new star, he published his evidence against which model of the Universe?

Accepted Answer

A)  Aristotelian 
B)  Galilean 
C)  Ptolemaic 
D)  Copernican 
E)  Reinhold 
A)  Aristotelian 
B)  Galilean 
C)  Ptolemaic 
D)  Copernican 
E)  Reinhold

Question 10

Most Greek philosophers believed in a(n) _______________ Universe.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Most Greek philosophers believed in a(n) _______________...

Question 11

Explain why Copernicus' hypothesis, where the Sun was the center of the planetary system, became known as the Copernican Revolution.

Accepted Answer

It became known as the Copernican Revolu

Question 12

Spheres are an essential part of Kepler's three fundamental rules of planetary motion.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Kepler's third law of planetary motion states, "A planet's _____ squared is proportional to its average distance from the Sun cubed."

Accepted Answer

A)  radius 
B)  diameter 
C)  rotational speed 
D)  orbital period 
E)  rotational period 
A)  radius 
B)  diameter 
C)  rotational speed 
D)  orbital period 
E)  rotational period

Question 14

Ptolemy based his model on theories first developed by Plato, who believed each celestial body traveled around a small circle that followed a larger circle around Earth.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Figure 4-1
What field of science focuses most on the connections between ancient celestial observations and such structures as the one seen in the accompanying figure?

Accepted Answer

A)  theology 
B)  astrology 
C)  archeology 
D)  archeoastronomy 
E)  archeophilosophy 
A)  theology 
B)  astrology 
C)  archeology 
D)  archeoastronomy 
E)  archeophilosophy

Question 16

A(n) _______________is something that is held to be obviously true and needs no further examination.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A(n) _______________is something that is held to...

Question 17

Which statement best describes a theory?

Accepted Answer

A)  A group of ideas about how something should be done, made, or thought about 
B)  A specific statement about nature that needs further testing 
C)  An idea considered so obviously true that the idea does not need to be questioned 
D)  A fundamental principle in which scientists have great confidence 
E)  A general description of some aspect of nature that has been thoroughly tested and widely accepted 
A)  A group of ideas about how something should be done, made, or thought about 
B)  A specific statement about nature that needs further testing 
C)  An idea considered so obviously true that the idea does not need to be questioned 
D)  A fundamental principle in which scientists have great confidence 
E)  A general description of some aspect of nature that has been thoroughly tested and widely accepted

Question 18

What was Tycho Brahe's contribution to astronomy?

Accepted Answer

A)  He proved that Earth rotates on its own axis and revolves around the Sun. 
B)  He designed the three laws of planetary motion. 
C)  He discovered satellites around Jupiter, which proved Earth could move and keep its satellite. 
D)  He described why each of the planets moved in uniform circular motion. 
E)  He compiled detailed observations of the positions of the Sun, Moon, and planets over a period of 20 years. 
A)  He proved that Earth rotates on its own axis and revolves around the Sun. 
B)  He designed the three laws of planetary motion. 
C)  He discovered satellites around Jupiter, which proved Earth could move and keep its satellite. 
D)  He described why each of the planets moved in uniform circular motion. 
E)  He compiled detailed observations of the positions of the Sun, Moon, and planets over a period of 20 years.

Question 19

The most important idea in De Revolutionibus was placing the Sun at the center of the Universe.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

What principle was Copernicus unable to provide evidence against?

Accepted Answer

A)  uniform circular motion 
B)  heliocentric universe 
C)  geocentric universe 
D)  retrograde motion 
E)  Ptolemy's epicycles 
A)  uniform circular motion 
B)  heliocentric universe 
C)  geocentric universe 
D)  retrograde motion 
E)  Ptolemy's epicycles

Exam 4: Origins of Modern Astronomy

What are the two primary components of the Ptolemaic Universe model?

In the Copernican system, Earth moves slower along its orbit than the planets that lie farther from the Sun.

Kepler's analysis of planetary motion showed that the planets move _______________ when close to the Sun and _______________ when farther away.

Figure 4-9 The accompanying illustration demonstrates Copernicus's theory of ____.

Kepler's laws of planetary motion were _____ because he could not provide an explanation for his conclusions.

In Kepler's model of the Universe, what was the purpose of the five regular solids?

Greek philosophers used religion and astrology to understand the mysteries of the universe.

What was the most controversial issue surrounding the nature of the Universe during the Renaissance?

When Tycho saw no parallax in the position of a new star, he published his evidence against which model of the Universe?

Most Greek philosophers believed in a(n) _______________ Universe.

Explain why Copernicus' hypothesis, where the Sun was the center of the planetary system, became known as the Copernican Revolution.

Spheres are an essential part of Kepler's three fundamental rules of planetary motion.

Kepler's third law of planetary motion states, "A planet's _____ squared is proportional to its average distance from the Sun cubed."

Ptolemy based his model on theories first developed by Plato, who believed each celestial body traveled around a small circle that followed a larger circle around Earth.

Figure 4-1 What field of science focuses most on the connections between ancient celestial observations and such structures as the one seen in the accompanying figure?

A(n) _______________is something that is held to be obviously true and needs no further examination.

Which statement best describes a theory?

What was Tycho Brahe's contribution to astronomy?

The most important idea in De Revolutionibus was placing the Sun at the center of the Universe.

What principle was Copernicus unable to provide evidence against?

Here and Now

A Users Guide to the Sky

Moon Phases and Eclipses

Gravity

Light and Telescopes

Atoms and Spectra

The Sun

The Family of Stars

The Interstellar Medium

Formation and Structure of Stars

Stellar Evolution

Deaths of Stars

Neutron Stars and Black Holes

The Milky Way Galaxy

Galaxies

Supermassive Black Holes and Active Galaxies

Modern Cosmology

Origin of the Solar System and Extrasolar Planets

Earth the Active Planet

The Moon and Mercury

Venus and Mars

Jupiter and Saturn

Uranus Neptune Pluto and the Kuiper Belt

Meteorites Asteroids and Comets

Astrobiology

Filters

Kepler's analysis of planetary motion showed that the planets move _ when close to the Sun and _ when farther away.