Question 1

Between 1870 and 1920, the U.S. labor force

Accepted Answer

A)  grew at about the same rate as the population. 
B)  grew more rapidly than the population. 
C)  fell despite rising population. 
D)  grew at a slightly lower rate than the population. 
A)  grew at about the same rate as the population. 
B)  grew more rapidly than the population. 
C)  fell despite rising population. 
D)  grew at a slightly lower rate than the population.

Question 2

The American Federation of Labor

Accepted Answer

A)  was an amalgamation of two labor organizations. 
B)  had over 1 million members by 1905. 
C)  sought to control job opportunities and conditions within each craft. 
D)  allied with the National Civic Federation in attempt to create a more favorable public image. 
E)  All of the above. 
A)  was an amalgamation of two labor organizations. 
B)  had over 1 million members by 1905. 
C)  sought to control job opportunities and conditions within each craft. 
D)  allied with the National Civic Federation in attempt to create a more favorable public image. 
E)  All of the above.

Question 3

All of the following groups benefited from immigration to the U.S. in the late 19th and early 20th century except

Accepted Answer

A)  steamship companies 
B)  mining companies 
C)  manufacturing companies 
D)  railroads 
E)  All of the above benefited from immigration. 
A)  steamship companies 
B)  mining companies 
C)  manufacturing companies 
D)  railroads 
E)  All of the above benefited from immigration.

Question 4

What is the most accurate description of skilled and unskilled workers if labor supply curves are not perfectly inelastic (perfectly vertical)?

Accepted Answer

A)  If the two types are complements, then the increases in immigration during the late 1800s would have increased the quantity and wages of skilled workers and decreased the wages of unskilled workers. 
B)  If the two types are substitutes, then the increases in immigration during the late 1800s would have increased the quantity and wages of skilled workers and decreased the wages of unskilled workers. 
C)  If the two types are complements, then the increases in immigration during the late 1800s would have increased wages of skilled workers, decreased the number of skilled workers, and decreased the wages of unskilled workers. 
A)  If the two types are complements, then the increases in immigration during the late 1800s would have increased the quantity and wages of skilled workers and decreased the wages of unskilled workers. 
B)  If the two types are substitutes, then the increases in immigration during the late 1800s would have increased the quantity and wages of skilled workers and decreased the wages of unskilled workers. 
C)  If the two types are complements, then the increases in immigration during the late 1800s would have increased wages of skilled workers, decreased the number of skilled workers, and decreased the wages of unskilled workers.

Question 5

Which of the following statements is least accurate with regard to immigration after the Civil War?

Accepted Answer

A)  The number of immigrants fluctuated dramatically until World War I. 
B)  The proportion of immigrants from Northern and Western Europe fell dramatically. 
C)  The cost of crossing the Atlantic was much lower than it was in earlier decades. 
D)  A growing network of relatives in the US could help immigrants find jobs and places to live. 
E)  The majority of immigrants moved to the Midwest to take advantage of the excellent farming opportunities. 
A)  The number of immigrants fluctuated dramatically until World War I. 
B)  The proportion of immigrants from Northern and Western Europe fell dramatically. 
C)  The cost of crossing the Atlantic was much lower than it was in earlier decades. 
D)  A growing network of relatives in the US could help immigrants find jobs and places to live. 
E)  The majority of immigrants moved to the Midwest to take advantage of the excellent farming opportunities.

Question 6

In Coppage v. Kansas (1912), the Supreme Court held that

Accepted Answer

A)  all employers were required to offer employees the option of joining a union. 
B)  an employer's right to require that employees sign "yellow-dog contracts" was protected by the 14th Amendment. 
C)  "yellow-dog" contracts were illegal for any business engaged in interstate commerce. 
D)  using federal troops to break strikes was a legitimate use of police power. 
E)  All of the above. 
A)  all employers were required to offer employees the option of joining a union. 
B)  an employer's right to require that employees sign "yellow-dog contracts" was protected by the 14th Amendment. 
C)  "yellow-dog" contracts were illegal for any business engaged in interstate commerce. 
D)  using federal troops to break strikes was a legitimate use of police power. 
E)  All of the above.

Question 7

Real wages of manufacturing workers

Accepted Answer

A)  rose between 1860 and 1890, but then fell for much of the period until 1920. 
B)  remained fairly stable until 1900, but then rose between 1900 and 1914. 
C)  followed a general upward trend from 1860 through 1920. 
D)  exhibited dramatic periods of rise and fall between 1860 and 1920. 
A)  rose between 1860 and 1890, but then fell for much of the period until 1920. 
B)  remained fairly stable until 1900, but then rose between 1900 and 1914. 
C)  followed a general upward trend from 1860 through 1920. 
D)  exhibited dramatic periods of rise and fall between 1860 and 1920.

Question 8

All of the following groups benefited from immigration to the U.S. in the late 19th and early 20th century except

Accepted Answer

A)  manufacturing and mining companies. 
B)  retailers. 
C)  railroad companies. 
D)  unskilled native workers. 
A)  manufacturing and mining companies. 
B)  retailers. 
C)  railroad companies. 
D)  unskilled native workers.

Question 9

If skilled labor is ___ unskilled labor, then an influx of unskilled immigrants could ____ the demand for skilled labor.

Accepted Answer

A)  a substitute for; raise 
B)  a complement to; raise 
C)  a complement to; lower 
D)  a complement to; substitute. 
A)  a substitute for; raise 
B)  a complement to; raise 
C)  a complement to; lower 
D)  a complement to; substitute.

Question 10

In the 1870s, roughly ___ percent of immigrants came from northern and western Europe; by 1910, more than ___ percent of the total came from southern and eastern Europe.

Accepted Answer

A)  10; 10 
B)  20; 80 
C)  40 ; 60 
D)  80; 60 
A)  10; 10 
B)  20; 80 
C)  40 ; 60 
D)  80; 60

Question 11

By 1920, the average work week in manufacturing was about _______hours, although it was significantly lower for _________.

Accepted Answer

A)  40; immigrants 
B)  50; skilled workers 
C)  60; unskilled workers 
D)  45; women 
A)  40; immigrants 
B)  50; skilled workers 
C)  60; unskilled workers 
D)  45; women

Question 12

In the late 19th and early 20th century, the relative earnings of foreign workers were ________________ the earnings of native workers after adjusting for differences in schooling, skills and other factors.

Accepted Answer

A)  approximately equal to 
B)  much less than 
C)  slightly greater than 
D)  much greater than 
A)  approximately equal to 
B)  much less than 
C)  slightly greater than 
D)  much greater than

Question 13

The Contract Labor Law, which was passed in 1864 and repealed in 1868,

Accepted Answer

A)  authorized labor contracts made abroad between American companies and foreign workers. 
B)  resulted in a large increase in European immigration to the U.S. 
C)  was supported by American wage earners. 
D)  authorized workers to strike and engage in collective bargaining. 
A)  authorized labor contracts made abroad between American companies and foreign workers. 
B)  resulted in a large increase in European immigration to the U.S. 
C)  was supported by American wage earners. 
D)  authorized workers to strike and engage in collective bargaining.

Question 14

Most immigrants to the U.S. in the 1980s and 1990s were from

Accepted Answer

A)  Asia . 
B)  Eastern Europe . 
C)  Western Europe . 
D)  Mexico and Latin America. 
A)  Asia . 
B)  Eastern Europe . 
C)  Western Europe . 
D)  Mexico and Latin America.

Question 15

In 1860 the ratio of farmers to manufacturing workers was roughly ____ ; by 1910 that ratio was ____ .

Accepted Answer

A)  1:1; 1:5 
B)  1:3; 1:1 
C)  3:1; 1:1 
D)  10:1; 1:1 
A)  1:1; 1:5 
B)  1:3; 1:1 
C)  3:1; 1:1 
D)  10:1; 1:1

Question 16

Samuel Gompers is most recognized for:

Accepted Answer

A)  the invention of air brakes for trains. 
B)  his role as an early union leader. 
C)  invention of a steel manufacturing process. 
D)  the development of refrigerated train cars. 
A)  the invention of air brakes for trains. 
B)  his role as an early union leader. 
C)  invention of a steel manufacturing process. 
D)  the development of refrigerated train cars.

Question 17

Assuming that (1) labor supply is perfectly inelastic (vertical), and (2) immigrants and skilled labor are complements, an increase in unskilled immigrant labor ___________ the real wages of unskilled labor and __________the real wages of skilled labor.

Accepted Answer

A)  increases; increases 
B)  increases; decreases 
C)  decreases; increases 
D)  decreases; decreases 
A)  increases; increases 
B)  increases; decreases 
C)  decreases; increases 
D)  decreases; decreases

Question 18

Which of the following is most accurate about the period between the Civil War and World War I?

Accepted Answer

A)  Many people moved to urban areas because the death rates were much lower there than in rural areas. 
B)  Labor unions increased their membership significantly, and by the end of the period about 10 percent of the total labor force was in unions. 
C)  Women's participation in the labor force decreased because they did not want to work in the industrial sector. 
D)  The large increase in population was caused, in part, by significant increases in the birth rate. 
A)  Many people moved to urban areas because the death rates were much lower there than in rural areas. 
B)  Labor unions increased their membership significantly, and by the end of the period about 10 percent of the total labor force was in unions. 
C)  Women's participation in the labor force decreased because they did not want to work in the industrial sector. 
D)  The large increase in population was caused, in part, by significant increases in the birth rate.

Question 19

Union activity in late 19th and early 20th centuries in the United States

Accepted Answer

A)  was largely apolitical at the national level. 
B)  was the impetus for several national parties. 
C)  relied heavily on help from the federal government. 
D)  None of the above is correct. 
A)  was largely apolitical at the national level. 
B)  was the impetus for several national parties. 
C)  relied heavily on help from the federal government. 
D)  None of the above is correct.

Question 20

Violent labor-management conflicts of the late 1800s included all of the following except

Accepted Answer

A)  the Haymarket Square riot 
B)  the Carnegie Homestead Works incident 
C)  the Pullman strike 
D)  the Credit Mobilier scandal 
A)  the Haymarket Square riot 
B)  the Carnegie Homestead Works incident 
C)  the Pullman strike 
D)  the Credit Mobilier scandal

Exam 18: The Emergence of Americas Labor Consciousness

Between 1870 and 1920, the U.S. labor force

The American Federation of Labor

All of the following groups benefited from immigration to the U.S. in the late 19th and early 20th century except

What is the most accurate description of skilled and unskilled workers if labor supply curves are not perfectly inelastic (perfectly vertical)?

Which of the following statements is least accurate with regard to immigration after the Civil War?

In Coppage v. Kansas (1912), the Supreme Court held that

Real wages of manufacturing workers

All of the following groups benefited from immigration to the U.S. in the late 19th and early 20th century except

If skilled labor is ___ unskilled labor, then an influx of unskilled immigrants could ____ the demand for skilled labor.

In the 1870s, roughly ___ percent of immigrants came from northern and western Europe; by 1910, more than ___ percent of the total came from southern and eastern Europe.

By 1920, the average work week in manufacturing was about _______hours, although it was significantly lower for _________.

In the late 19th and early 20th century, the relative earnings of foreign workers were ________________ the earnings of native workers after adjusting for differences in schooling, skills and other factors.

The Contract Labor Law, which was passed in 1864 and repealed in 1868,

Most immigrants to the U.S. in the 1980s and 1990s were from

In 1860 the ratio of farmers to manufacturing workers was roughly ____ ; by 1910 that ratio was ____ .

Samuel Gompers is most recognized for:

Assuming that (1) labor supply is perfectly inelastic (vertical), and (2) immigrants and skilled labor are complements, an increase in unskilled immigrant labor ___________ the real wages of unskilled labor and __________the real wages of skilled labor.

Which of the following is most accurate about the period between the Civil War and World War I?

Union activity in late 19th and early 20th centuries in the United States

Violent labor-management conflicts of the late 1800s included all of the following except

Growth, Welfare, and the American Economy

Founding the Colonies

Colonial Economic Activities

The Economic Relations of the Colonies

Economic Progress and Wealth

Three Crises and Revolt

Hard Realities for a New Nation

Land and the Early Westward Movements

Transportation and Market Growth

Market Expansion and Industry in First Transition

Labor During the Early Industrial Period

Money and Banking in the Developing Economy

The Entrenchment of Slavery and Regional Conflict

War, Recovery, and Regional Divergence

Agricultures Western Advance

Railroads and Economic Change

Industrial Expansion and Concentration

Money, Prices, and Finance in the Postbellum Era

Commerce at Home and Abroad

World War I, 1914-1918

The Roaring Twenties

The Great Depression

The New Deal

World War Ii

The Changing Role of the Federal Government

The Changing Role of the Federal Government: Consumer Safety, Agriculture, the Environment, and Housing

Monetary Policy, Fiscal Policy, and the Business Cycle After World War Ii

Manufacturing, Productivity, and Labor

Achievements of the Past, Challenges for the Future

Filters

All of the following groups benefited from immigration to the U.S. in the late 19^th and early 20^th century except

If skilled labor is _ unskilled labor, then an influx of unskilled immigrants could __ the demand for skilled labor.

In the 1870s, roughly _ percent of immigrants came from northern and western Europe; by 1910, more than _ percent of the total came from southern and eastern Europe.

By 1920, the average work week in manufacturing was about _hours, although it was significantly lower for ___.

In the late 19^th and early 20^th century, the relative earnings of foreign workers were ________________ the earnings of native workers after adjusting for differences in schooling, skills and other factors.

In 1860 the ratio of farmers to manufacturing workers was roughly ; by 1910 that ratio was .

Assuming that (1) labor supply is perfectly inelastic (vertical), and (2) immigrants and skilled labor are complements, an increase in unskilled immigrant labor _ the real wages of unskilled labor and the real wages of skilled labor.