Question 1

During what period did members of labor unions comprise the largest share of the labor force?

Accepted Answer

A)  1840-1860. 
B)  1875-1895. 
C)  1920-1940. 
D)  1950-1970. 
E)  1980-2000. 
A)  1840-1860. 
B)  1875-1895. 
C)  1920-1940. 
D)  1950-1970. 
E)  1980-2000. D

Question 2

During the second half of the nineteenth century and first half of the twentieth century, per capita incomes on the West Coast of the US were ___ than the national average, and per capita incomes in the South were ___ than the national average.

Accepted Answer

A)  lower, higher. 
B)  higher, lower. 
C)  lower, lower. 
D)  higher, higher. 
A)  lower, higher. 
B)  higher, lower. 
C)  lower, lower. 
D)  higher, higher. B

Question 3

If you based your estimate on how long it took poor regions of the United States to catch up to the per capita incomes of the rest of the nation, how long do you believe it would take Eastern Europe to obtain per capita incomes comparable to those of Western Europe?

Accepted Answer

A)  About one year. 
B)  About five to ten years. 
C)  About twenty five years. 
D)  Several generations. 
A)  About one year. 
B)  About five to ten years. 
C)  About twenty five years. 
D)  Several generations. D

Question 4

What best describes changes in sectors in the US?

Accepted Answer

A)  Agriculture was the chief generator of income in the United States until the decade of the 1880s. 
B)  The number of people employed in manufacturing passed the number employed in agriculture shortly after the War of 1812. 
C)  The percentage of the US labor force employed in agriculture increased slowly until the Civil War and declined from then to the present time. 
D)  The current number of people employed in the government sector is about the same as the number of people employed in the service sector. 
A)  Agriculture was the chief generator of income in the United States until the decade of the 1880s. 
B)  The number of people employed in manufacturing passed the number employed in agriculture shortly after the War of 1812. 
C)  The percentage of the US labor force employed in agriculture increased slowly until the Civil War and declined from then to the present time. 
D)  The current number of people employed in the government sector is about the same as the number of people employed in the service sector.

Question 5

Which of the following is most accurate?

Accepted Answer

A)  African Americans were generally hurt economically relative to whites during WW II. 
B)  African American education rates are now about the same as those of whites. 
C)  The poverty rate for African Americans is about 300% larger than the rate for whites. 
D)  The average household income of African Americans is currently about 90% of whites'. 
A)  African Americans were generally hurt economically relative to whites during WW II. 
B)  African American education rates are now about the same as those of whites. 
C)  The poverty rate for African Americans is about 300% larger than the rate for whites. 
D)  The average household income of African Americans is currently about 90% of whites'.

Question 6

Between 1880 and 1980, which region had the highest per capita income?

Accepted Answer

A)  Pacific. 
B)  Midwest . 
C)  New England . 
D)  South Atlantic . 
A)  Pacific. 
B)  Midwest . 
C)  New England . 
D)  South Atlantic .

Question 7

With respect to real per capita incomes, the United States' position

Accepted Answer

A)  as leader has reversed with the United Kingdom since 1980. 
B)  as leader has reversed with Canada since 1980. 
C)  as leader has reversed with Sweden since 1980. 
D)  has not changed much since 1980. 
A)  as leader has reversed with the United Kingdom since 1980. 
B)  as leader has reversed with Canada since 1980. 
C)  as leader has reversed with Sweden since 1980. 
D)  has not changed much since 1980.

Question 8

In which period did women make the least significant strides in the labor market?

Accepted Answer

A)  1970-1990. 
B)  1940-1945. 
C)  1830-1860. 
D)  1790-1800. 
A)  1970-1990. 
B)  1940-1945. 
C)  1830-1860. 
D)  1790-1800.

Question 9

Which of the following is the least accurate statement?

Accepted Answer

A)  GNP grew very slowly during the colonial period. 
B)  The South's economic performance was very poor after the Civil War. 
C)  Wealth in the colonial US was very equal because there had not been enough time for people to acquire significantly different levels of wealth. 
D)  Wage inequality has increased since 1970. 
A)  GNP grew very slowly during the colonial period. 
B)  The South's economic performance was very poor after the Civil War. 
C)  Wealth in the colonial US was very equal because there had not been enough time for people to acquire significantly different levels of wealth. 
D)  Wage inequality has increased since 1970.

Question 10

Which statement  best describes changes in infant mortality in the US from 1940-2005?

Accepted Answer

A)  By 2005, the total infant mortality rate was about 15% of what it had been in 1940. 
B)  The infant mortality rate is higher for whites than for blacks. 
C)  The infant mortality rate was about twice as high in 1940 as it was in 2005. 
D)  The infant morality rate during the first 28 days of life dropped significantly but the infant mortality rate from 28 days to 1 year remained about the same. 
A)  By 2005, the total infant mortality rate was about 15% of what it had been in 1940. 
B)  The infant mortality rate is higher for whites than for blacks. 
C)  The infant mortality rate was about twice as high in 1940 as it was in 2005. 
D)  The infant morality rate during the first 28 days of life dropped significantly but the infant mortality rate from 28 days to 1 year remained about the same.

Question 11

During what period did the US expand its area by the greatest amount?

Accepted Answer

A)  Since 1970. 
B)  1910-1950. 
C)  1880-1900. 
D)  1800-1850. 
E)  1781-1795. 
A)  Since 1970. 
B)  1910-1950. 
C)  1880-1900. 
D)  1800-1850. 
E)  1781-1795.

Question 12

What best describes the relationship between England and the US?

Accepted Answer

A)  Throughout US history Britain has been one of the leading sources of immigrants. 
B)  During most of the colonial period it provided relatively little monitoring of colonial actions. 
C)  England often fought the Portuguese to protect its holding in colonial America. 
D)  Until the Civil War, England was the primary source for American manufactured goods. 
A)  Throughout US history Britain has been one of the leading sources of immigrants. 
B)  During most of the colonial period it provided relatively little monitoring of colonial actions. 
C)  England often fought the Portuguese to protect its holding in colonial America. 
D)  Until the Civil War, England was the primary source for American manufactured goods.

Question 13

Which statement most accurately describes the distribution of income among US families?

Accepted Answer

A)  In 2005, as in most of American history, poor people work on average many more hours than do high-income people. 
B)  The median real family income has remained about the same since 1970. 
C)  One of the most significant determinants of income inequality in the US has been the increase in demand for highly trained labor. 
D)  Earnings of married-couple families have grown more slowly than earnings of both male and female households with no spouse. 
A)  In 2005, as in most of American history, poor people work on average many more hours than do high-income people. 
B)  The median real family income has remained about the same since 1970. 
C)  One of the most significant determinants of income inequality in the US has been the increase in demand for highly trained labor. 
D)  Earnings of married-couple families have grown more slowly than earnings of both male and female households with no spouse.

Question 14

Which of the following most accurately describes the changes in the heights of adult, white males?

Accepted Answer

A)  Since 1700, heights have increased steadily. 
B)  There were small cyclical changes in height until about 1900, and since then heights have increased very rapidly. 
C)  During the history of the US heights have been relatively constant. 
D)  Height increased substantially until shortly after the Civil War, and has been relatively stable since then. 
A)  Since 1700, heights have increased steadily. 
B)  There were small cyclical changes in height until about 1900, and since then heights have increased very rapidly. 
C)  During the history of the US heights have been relatively constant. 
D)  Height increased substantially until shortly after the Civil War, and has been relatively stable since then.

Question 15

Over the long run, per capita incomes in different regions of the United States have

Accepted Answer

A)  gradually diverged with the Northeastern region leading all other income groups. 
B)  gradually converged. 
C)  gradually converged until roughly 1985, and then diverged as the Western states outpaced other regions. 
D)  have converged, with the exception of the South. 
A)  gradually diverged with the Northeastern region leading all other income groups. 
B)  gradually converged. 
C)  gradually converged until roughly 1985, and then diverged as the Western states outpaced other regions. 
D)  have converged, with the exception of the South.

Question 16

Which of the following statements best describes the changes in life expectancy between 1940-2000 in the US?

Accepted Answer

A)  The life expectancy of females increased substantially but there was little change for males. 
B)  The life expectancy of African American males is higher than that of African American females, but the life expectancy of white males is lower than that of white females. 
C)  The life expectancies of people of all races has remained about the same as advances in health have been offset by declines due to environmental factors. 
D)  The life expectancy of people with Down's Syndrome grew by about 25 times, and the life expectancy of African Americans grew faster than the life expectancy of whites. 
A)  The life expectancy of females increased substantially but there was little change for males. 
B)  The life expectancy of African American males is higher than that of African American females, but the life expectancy of white males is lower than that of white females. 
C)  The life expectancies of people of all races has remained about the same as advances in health have been offset by declines due to environmental factors. 
D)  The life expectancy of people with Down's Syndrome grew by about 25 times, and the life expectancy of African Americans grew faster than the life expectancy of whites.

Question 17

Which of the following statements provides the most accurate description of the period between the Civil War and WWI?

Accepted Answer

A)  Real per capita wages were relatively flat. 
B)  The share of immigrants was increasingly Protestant. 
C)  Businesses became increasingly regulated. 
D)  The average hours of work for employees in the industrial sector increased slightly. 
A)  Real per capita wages were relatively flat. 
B)  The share of immigrants was increasingly Protestant. 
C)  Businesses became increasingly regulated. 
D)  The average hours of work for employees in the industrial sector increased slightly.

Question 18

What is not an accurate description of US immigration?

Accepted Answer

A)  Significant immigration from continental Europe started after the War of 1812. 
B)  Most immigrants in the initial period of the US came from NW Europe, were replaced first by immigrants from Asian nations, which were eventually replaced by immigrants from SE Europe. 
C)  Large scale immigration from Latin America to the US started since the Depression. 
A)  Significant immigration from continental Europe started after the War of 1812. 
B)  Most immigrants in the initial period of the US came from NW Europe, were replaced first by immigrants from Asian nations, which were eventually replaced by immigrants from SE Europe. 
C)  Large scale immigration from Latin America to the US started since the Depression.

Question 19

Which of the following statements is most correct?

Accepted Answer

A)  The average education of women in the labor force is greater than the average education of men in the labor force. 
B)  Women now constitute over 50% of the labor force of scientists. 
C)  More women than men are currently enrolled in undergraduate and graduate programs. 
D)  Women constitute less than 50% of the current undergraduates in the nation. 
A)  The average education of women in the labor force is greater than the average education of men in the labor force. 
B)  Women now constitute over 50% of the labor force of scientists. 
C)  More women than men are currently enrolled in undergraduate and graduate programs. 
D)  Women constitute less than 50% of the current undergraduates in the nation.

Question 20

Which statement is most accurate about the real GDP per capita of different nations between 1980 and 2006?

Accepted Answer

A)  The real GDP per capita of the US ranks in the middle of the other major industrialized nations. 
B)  The US had the highest real per capita GDP at the beginning of the period, but by the end of the period many other industrialized had caught up to the US. 
C)  The US had the highest real per capita GDP throughout the period and on average, the other major industrialized nations did not significantly close the gap. 
D)  At the beginning of the period, the US had a real GDP per capita equal to the average of the major industrialized nations, but by 2006 the US had moved into first place. 
A)  The real GDP per capita of the US ranks in the middle of the other major industrialized nations. 
B)  The US had the highest real per capita GDP at the beginning of the period, but by the end of the period many other industrialized had caught up to the US. 
C)  The US had the highest real per capita GDP throughout the period and on average, the other major industrialized nations did not significantly close the gap. 
D)  At the beginning of the period, the US had a real GDP per capita equal to the average of the major industrialized nations, but by 2006 the US had moved into first place.

Exam 30: Achievements of the Past, Challenges for the Future

During what period did members of labor unions comprise the largest share of the labor force?

During the second half of the nineteenth century and first half of the twentieth century, per capita incomes on the West Coast of the US were ___ than the national average, and per capita incomes in the South were ___ than the national average.

If you based your estimate on how long it took poor regions of the United States to catch up to the per capita incomes of the rest of the nation, how long do you believe it would take Eastern Europe to obtain per capita incomes comparable to those of Western Europe?

What best describes changes in sectors in the US?

Which of the following is most accurate?

Between 1880 and 1980, which region had the highest per capita income?

With respect to real per capita incomes, the United States' position

In which period did women make the least significant strides in the labor market?

Which of the following is the least accurate statement?

Which statement best describes changes in infant mortality in the US from 1940-2005?

During what period did the US expand its area by the greatest amount?

What best describes the relationship between England and the US?

Which statement most accurately describes the distribution of income among US families?

Which of the following most accurately describes the changes in the heights of adult, white males?

Over the long run, per capita incomes in different regions of the United States have

Which of the following statements best describes the changes in life expectancy between 1940-2000 in the US?

Which of the following statements provides the most accurate description of the period between the Civil War and WWI?

What is not an accurate description of US immigration?

Which of the following statements is most correct?

Which statement is most accurate about the real GDP per capita of different nations between 1980 and 2006?

Growth, Welfare, and the American Economy

Founding the Colonies

Colonial Economic Activities

The Economic Relations of the Colonies

Economic Progress and Wealth

Three Crises and Revolt

Hard Realities for a New Nation

Land and the Early Westward Movements

Transportation and Market Growth

Market Expansion and Industry in First Transition

Labor During the Early Industrial Period

Money and Banking in the Developing Economy

The Entrenchment of Slavery and Regional Conflict

War, Recovery, and Regional Divergence

Agricultures Western Advance

Railroads and Economic Change

Industrial Expansion and Concentration

The Emergence of Americas Labor Consciousness

Money, Prices, and Finance in the Postbellum Era

Commerce at Home and Abroad

World War I, 1914-1918

The Roaring Twenties

The Great Depression

The New Deal

World War Ii

The Changing Role of the Federal Government

The Changing Role of the Federal Government: Consumer Safety, Agriculture, the Environment, and Housing

Monetary Policy, Fiscal Policy, and the Business Cycle After World War Ii

Manufacturing, Productivity, and Labor

Filters

During the second half of the nineteenth century and first half of the twentieth century, per capita incomes on the West Coast of the US were _ than the national average, and per capita incomes in the South were _ than the national average.