Question 1

Which is a defining characteristic of adaptive immunity?

Accepted Answer

A)  nonspecificity 
B)  diversity 
C)  short-lived responses 
D)  self-recognition 
E)  reliance on surface barriers 
A)  nonspecificity 
B)  diversity 
C)  short-lived responses 
D)  self-recognition 
E)  reliance on surface barriers

Question 2

The HPV vaccine consists of ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  viral capsid proteins that assemble into virus-like particles 
B)  inactivated HPV 
C)  synthetic HPV 
D)  antibodies from infected patients 
E)  allergens 
A)  viral capsid proteins that assemble into virus-like particles 
B)  inactivated HPV 
C)  synthetic HPV 
D)  antibodies from infected patients 
E)  allergens

Question 3

Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) is characterized by ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  a primary immune deficiency 
B)  infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) 
C)  successful worldwide eradication due to vaccination 
D)  a high cure rate 
E)  small, local affected populations 
A)  a primary immune deficiency 
B)  infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) 
C)  successful worldwide eradication due to vaccination 
D)  a high cure rate 
E)  small, local affected populations

Question 4

Precancerous cervical cells can be detected by ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  routine Pap smears 
B)  self-examination 
C)  a series of blood tests 
D)  X-ray examinations 
E)  ultrasound 
A)  routine Pap smears 
B)  self-examination 
C)  a series of blood tests 
D)  X-ray examinations 
E)  ultrasound

Question 5

After an active cytotoxic T cell binds to an ailing cell, it releases toxins that ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  poke holes in the cell and cause it to die 
B)  bind to the cell and prevent it from harming other self-cells 
C)  attract macrophages to the cell 
D)  attract antibodies directed at self-cells 
E)  stimulate inflammation 
A)  poke holes in the cell and cause it to die 
B)  bind to the cell and prevent it from harming other self-cells 
C)  attract macrophages to the cell 
D)  attract antibodies directed at self-cells 
E)  stimulate inflammation

Question 6

Innate immunity begins when ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  triggered by adaptive immunity 
B)  PAMP receptors bind to antigen 
C)  white blood cells start dividing 
D)  complement proteins are released 
E)  PAMPs are detected 
A)  triggered by adaptive immunity 
B)  PAMP receptors bind to antigen 
C)  white blood cells start dividing 
D)  complement proteins are released 
E)  PAMPs are detected

Question 7

Cells of multicellular eukaryotes have receptors that can recognize approximately ____ pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs).

Accepted Answer

A)  10 
B)  100 
C)  1,000 
D)  10,000 
E)  100,000 
A)  10 
B)  100 
C)  1,000 
D)  10,000 
E)  100,000

Question 8

Effector B cells secrete antibodies that are ____ those produced by the original B cell from which they arose, which then ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  identical to; flag antigens for phagocytosis and prevent them from attaching to body cells 
B)  different than; help antigens attach to body cells 
C)  Identical to; prevent antigens from clumping together 
D)  different than; present them on the surface of dendritic cells 
E)  in addition to; flag antigens for elimination by urination 
A)  identical to; flag antigens for phagocytosis and prevent them from attaching to body cells 
B)  different than; help antigens attach to body cells 
C)  Identical to; prevent antigens from clumping together 
D)  different than; present them on the surface of dendritic cells 
E)  in addition to; flag antigens for elimination by urination

Question 9

Match between columns
                        Premises: produces antibodies
phagocytes that develop from monocytes and patrol tissues
phagocyte that circulates in blood; most common of the phagocytes
phagocytes that alert the adaptive immune system to presence of antigens in solid tissue
kills infected or cancerous cells
degranulates in response to injury or antigens; stays anchored in tissues

Accepted Answer

The Answer of dendritic cell and mast cell and T is...

Question 10

Identify the site indicated by the arrows in the diagram.

Accepted Answer

A)  complement binding site of an antibody 
B)  antigen binding site of an antibody 
C)  MHC binding site of an antigen 
D)  complement binding site of T cell receptor 
E)  MHC binding site of a T cell receptor 
A)  complement binding site of an antibody 
B)  antigen binding site of an antibody 
C)  MHC binding site of an antigen 
D)  complement binding site of T cell receptor 
E)  MHC binding site of a T cell receptor

Question 11

Why do immunizations require two doses?

Accepted Answer

A)  The first dose stimulates the effector cells only, and the second dose stimulates the memory cells only. 
B)  The first dose stimulates the primary immune response, and the second dose stimulates the secondary immune response. 
C)  In case the first dose is not enough to induce immunity, a second dose is given. 
D)  The first dose often is ineffective. 
E)  The first dose stimulates the innate immune response, and the second dose stimulates the adaptive immune response. 
A)  The first dose stimulates the effector cells only, and the second dose stimulates the memory cells only. 
B)  The first dose stimulates the primary immune response, and the second dose stimulates the secondary immune response. 
C)  In case the first dose is not enough to induce immunity, a second dose is given. 
D)  The first dose often is ineffective. 
E)  The first dose stimulates the innate immune response, and the second dose stimulates the adaptive immune response.

Question 12

In adaptive immune responses, which cell type is capable of acting as an antigen-presenting cell?

Accepted Answer

A)  T cell 
B)  monocyte 
C)  eosinophil 
D)  B cell 
E)  basophil 
A)  T cell 
B)  monocyte 
C)  eosinophil 
D)  B cell 
E)  basophil

Question 13

When macrophages bind antigens, they secrete ____ to attract more phagocytic cells.

Accepted Answer

A)  more antigens 
B)  MHC 
C)  cytokines 
D)  antibodies 
E)  complement 
A)  more antigens 
B)  MHC 
C)  cytokines 
D)  antibodies 
E)  complement

Question 14

If the innate immune response is not effective in neutralizing a threat, what form of immune response occurs next?

Accepted Answer

A)  production of antibodies by T cells 
B)  phagocytosis by neutrophils 
C)  natural killer cells respond to sites of inflammation 
D)  antigen detection by antibodies 
E)  phagocytosis of MHC markers 
A)  production of antibodies by T cells 
B)  phagocytosis by neutrophils 
C)  natural killer cells respond to sites of inflammation 
D)  antigen detection by antibodies 
E)  phagocytosis of MHC markers

Question 15

A naïve lymphocyte ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  is bound directly to an antigen 
B)  has not yet bound to antigen 
C)  is an antigen-presenting cell 
D)  is a phagocyte 
E)  is  inflammatory 
A)  is bound directly to an antigen 
B)  has not yet bound to antigen 
C)  is an antigen-presenting cell 
D)  is a phagocyte 
E)  is  inflammatory

Exam 23: Immunity

Which is a defining characteristic of adaptive immunity?

The HPV vaccine consists of ____.

Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) is characterized by ____.

Precancerous cervical cells can be detected by ____.

After an active cytotoxic T cell binds to an ailing cell, it releases toxins that ____.

Innate immunity begins when ____.

Cells of multicellular eukaryotes have receptors that can recognize approximately ____ pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs).

Effector B cells secrete antibodies that are ____ those produced by the original B cell from which they arose, which then ____.

Identify the site indicated by the arrows in the diagram.

Why do immunizations require two doses?

In adaptive immune responses, which cell type is capable of acting as an antigen-presenting cell?

When macrophages bind antigens, they secrete ____ to attract more phagocytic cells.

If the innate immune response is not effective in neutralizing a threat, what form of immune response occurs next?

A naïve lymphocyte ____.

Invitation to Biology

Molecules of Life

Cell Structure

Energy and Metabolism

Photosynthesis

Releasing Chemical Energy

Dna Structure and Function

Gene Expression and Control

How Cells Reproduce

Patterns of Inheritance

Biotechnology

Evidence of Evolution

Processes of Evolution

Prokaryotes, Protists, and Viruses

Plants and Fungi

Animal Evolution

Population Ecology

Communities and Ecosystems

The Biosphere and Human Effects

Animal Tissues and Organs

How Animals Move

Circulation and Respiration

Digestion and Excretion

Neural Control and the Senses

Endocrine Control

Animal Reproduction and Development

Plant Form and Function

Life Cycles of Flowering Plants

Filters

Effector B cells secrete antibodies that are those produced by the original B cell from which they arose, which then .