Exam 18: Communities and Ecosystems

Tapeworms and flukes are examples of ____.

Light energy from the sun is captured by photosynthesis as ____.

Phorid flies lay their eggs inside the bodies of various insects and spiders. When the larvae hatch, they consume the body of the "host" from the inside out. The phorid fly is an example of a ____.

The monarch butterfly is poisonous to birds; therefore, birds avoid eating them. Viceroy butterflies look very similar to monarch butterflies but are not poisonous. Because they look like monarch butterflies, birds also do not eat viceroy butterflies. This is an example of ____.

In a typical predator-prey relationship, ____.

In S. invicta's native environment, _____ help keep the species in check.

An example of a primary consumer is a(n) ____.

At the bottom or base of an energy pyramid are the ____.

Nitrification is the process of ____.

The lichen shown here is an example of ____.

The plants and animals present in a region from which the trees were removed ten years earlier represent ____.

The niche of an earthworm in an ecosystem is as a(n)____.

Commensalism is a type of ____.

Which is a factor in determining which plant type becomes the pioneer species in a primary succession event?

In most land ecosystems, ____ food chains predominate.

Where is most of the Earth's phosphate found?

An example of a one-way relationship in which one species benefits and another is directly hurt is ____.

Secondary succession can occur ____.

The nitrogen cycle on land begins with ____.

Which represents an early stage in primary succession?