Question 1

Match between columns
                        Premises: set of inborn, general defenses against infection
immune response that targets one's own cells
adaptive immunity involving T cells
adaptive immunity involving B cells
set of immune defenses tailored to specific pathogens

Accepted Answer

The Answer of innate immunity and adaptive immunity and antibody-mediated is...

Question 2

Receptors for activated complement proteins are found on ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  dendritic cells, macrophages, and neutrophils 
B)  mast cells, macrophages, and neutrophils 
C)  dendritic cells, B lymphocytes, and neutrophils 
D)  dendritic cells, eosinophils, and macrophages 
E)  monocytes, T lymphocytes, and B lymphocytes 
A)  dendritic cells, macrophages, and neutrophils 
B)  mast cells, macrophages, and neutrophils 
C)  dendritic cells, B lymphocytes, and neutrophils 
D)  dendritic cells, eosinophils, and macrophages 
E)  monocytes, T lymphocytes, and B lymphocytes

Question 3

Detection of allergens by mast cells causes ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  release of histamine and cytokines 
B)  decreased mucous secretion 
C)  widening of the airways 
D)  skin rashes 
E)  cell-mediated immune responses 
A)  release of histamine and cytokines 
B)  decreased mucous secretion 
C)  widening of the airways 
D)  skin rashes 
E)  cell-mediated immune responses

Question 4

Effector helper T cells release cytokines only after binding to a(n) ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  antigen-presenting dendritic cell 
B)  memory T cell 
C)  complement protein 
D)  MHC - antigen complexes on B cells 
E)  antibody producing B cell 
A)  antigen-presenting dendritic cell 
B)  memory T cell 
C)  complement protein 
D)  MHC - antigen complexes on B cells 
E)  antibody producing B cell

Question 5

Active immunization ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  involves receiving antibodies from another individual 
B)  utilizes the inflammation response 
C)  is given only to children 
D)  results in memory cell formation 
E)  involves exposure to an allergen 
A)  involves receiving antibodies from another individual 
B)  utilizes the inflammation response 
C)  is given only to children 
D)  results in memory cell formation 
E)  involves exposure to an allergen

Question 6

Mast cells ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  circulate in the bloodstream 
B)  degranulate in response to signaling molecules secreted by endocrine and nerve cells 
C)  respond to normal flora 
D)  release signaling molecules that cause arterioles to constrict 
E)  engulf and digest pathogens 
A)  circulate in the bloodstream 
B)  degranulate in response to signaling molecules secreted by endocrine and nerve cells 
C)  respond to normal flora 
D)  release signaling molecules that cause arterioles to constrict 
E)  engulf and digest pathogens

Question 7

Once a macrophage ingests a foreign antigen, how is the antigen presented?

Accepted Answer

A)  The antigen is embedded directly into the cell membrane of the macrophage. 
B)  The antigen is embedded in the membrane of a transport vesicle and released via exocytosis. 
C)  The antigen is attached to a receptor protein, forming a receptor-antigen complex. 
D)  The antigen is attached to MHC markers, forming a MHC-antigen complex 
E)  The antigen becomes part of the T cell membrane. 
A)  The antigen is embedded directly into the cell membrane of the macrophage. 
B)  The antigen is embedded in the membrane of a transport vesicle and released via exocytosis. 
C)  The antigen is attached to a receptor protein, forming a receptor-antigen complex. 
D)  The antigen is attached to MHC markers, forming a MHC-antigen complex 
E)  The antigen becomes part of the T cell membrane.

Question 8

Donn and Sabine have three children: identical twin sons (Gerard and Gerome) and a daughter (Eliza). To which family member would Gerard ' s MHC genes be the most similar?

Accepted Answer

A)  Donn 
B)  Sabine 
C)  Eliza 
D)  Gerome 
E)  Gerome, Eliza, and Gerard have identical MHC genes 
A)  Donn 
B)  Sabine 
C)  Eliza 
D)  Gerome 
E)  Gerome, Eliza, and Gerard have identical MHC genes

Question 9

When a second infection occurs by the same pathogen, the immune response occurs more rapidly due to ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  effector cells 
B)  memory cells 
C)  naive T cells 
D)  neutrophils 
E)  eosinophils 
A)  effector cells 
B)  memory cells 
C)  naive T cells 
D)  neutrophils 
E)  eosinophils

Question 10

____ form in the bone marrow, but ____ mature in the thymus.

Accepted Answer

A)  B cells; T cells 
B)  T cells; B cells 
C)  B and T cells; B cells 
D)  B and T cells; T cells 
E)  B and T cells; B and T cells 
A)  B cells; T cells 
B)  T cells; B cells 
C)  B and T cells; B cells 
D)  B and T cells; T cells 
E)  B and T cells; B and T cells

Question 11

Match between columns
                        Premises: directly causes the brain's "thermostat" to raise the body's internal temperature set point
cause arterioles to widen and capillaries to become more permeable during an inflammation reaction
signaling molecules that allow white blood cells to coordinate activities during an immune response
a set of about 30 different proteins that are activated by binding to microorganisms or antibodies clustered on the surface of a cell
contained in mucus of the body's interior tubes and cavities; kills bacteria

Accepted Answer

The Answer of cytokines and histamines and prostaglandins and lysozyme is...

Question 12

Which of the following is the correct order of the three lines of defense against pathogens?

Accepted Answer

A)  barriers that exclude pathogens → adaptive immunity → innate immunity 
B)  barriers that exclude pathogens → innate immunity → adaptive immunity 
C)  innate immunity → adaptive immunity → barriers that exclude pathogens 
D)  adaptive immunity → barriers that exclude pathogens → innate immunity 
E)  adaptive immunity → innate immunity → barriers that exclude pathogens 
A)  barriers that exclude pathogens → adaptive immunity → innate immunity 
B)  barriers that exclude pathogens → innate immunity → adaptive immunity 
C)  innate immunity → adaptive immunity → barriers that exclude pathogens 
D)  adaptive immunity → barriers that exclude pathogens → innate immunity 
E)  adaptive immunity → innate immunity → barriers that exclude pathogens

Question 13

Autoimmune disorders are caused by ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  lymphocytes that target self-cells 
B)  B cell activation 
C)  impaired innate immunity function 
D)  T cell activation 
E)  the inability to make antibodies 
A)  lymphocytes that target self-cells 
B)  B cell activation 
C)  impaired innate immunity function 
D)  T cell activation 
E)  the inability to make antibodies

Question 14

Virus-like particles ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  carry viral DNA 
B)  are infectious 
C)  will elicit an immune response 
D)  are produced by cancer cells 
E)  cause cervical cancer 
A)  carry viral DNA 
B)  are infectious 
C)  will elicit an immune response 
D)  are produced by cancer cells 
E)  cause cervical cancer

Question 15

White blood cells that engulf a microorganism and then explode their contents, creating a net that traps and kills pathogens are known as ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  neutrophils 
B)  macrophages 
C)  B lymphocytes 
D)  dendritic cells 
E)  eosinophils 
A)  neutrophils 
B)  macrophages 
C)  B lymphocytes 
D)  dendritic cells 
E)  eosinophils

Question 16

To activate the cell-mediated immune response, which event must occur?

Accepted Answer

A)  A naïve helper T cell must bind to an antigen-presenting dendritic cell. 
B)  A naïve B cell must be activated in order to activate the effector helper T cell. 
C)  A free bacterium must pass through a lymph node where it will directly activate the effector helper T cell. 
D)  A damaged or infected body cell must pass through a lymph node in order to activate T cells. 
E)  Antibodies must bind to naïve helper T cells. 
A)  A naïve helper T cell must bind to an antigen-presenting dendritic cell. 
B)  A naïve B cell must be activated in order to activate the effector helper T cell. 
C)  A free bacterium must pass through a lymph node where it will directly activate the effector helper T cell. 
D)  A damaged or infected body cell must pass through a lymph node in order to activate T cells. 
E)  Antibodies must bind to naïve helper T cells.

Question 17

Antihistamines relieve allergy symptoms by ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  inhibiting the release of histamines and cytokines 
B)  binding directly to histamines 
C)  destroying mast cells before they can produce histamines 
D)  binding to the allergens 
E)  stimulating effector T cells to produce more cytokines 
A)  inhibiting the release of histamines and cytokines 
B)  binding directly to histamines 
C)  destroying mast cells before they can produce histamines 
D)  binding to the allergens 
E)  stimulating effector T cells to produce more cytokines

Question 18

A molecule or particle recognized by the body as nonself is known as a(n) ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  antibody 
B)  antigen 
C)  complement 
D)  macrophage 
E)  phagocyte 
A)  antibody 
B)  antigen 
C)  complement 
D)  macrophage 
E)  phagocyte

Question 19

The cells capable of releasing histamines are ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  mast cells and basophils 
B)  basophils and eosinophils 
C)  mast cells and eosinophils 
D)  natural killer cells and macrophages 
E)  B and T cells 
A)  mast cells and basophils 
B)  basophils and eosinophils 
C)  mast cells and eosinophils 
D)  natural killer cells and macrophages 
E)  B and T cells

Question 20

Passive immunization ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  involves exposure to antigens 
B)  is an innate immune response 
C)  is given only to adults 
D)  results in memory cell formation 
E)  involves receiving antibodies from another individual 
A)  involves exposure to antigens 
B)  is an innate immune response 
C)  is given only to adults 
D)  results in memory cell formation 
E)  involves receiving antibodies from another individual

Exam 23: Immunity

Receptors for activated complement proteins are found on ____.

Detection of allergens by mast cells causes ____.

Effector helper T cells release cytokines only after binding to a(n) ____.

Active immunization ____.

Mast cells ____.

Once a macrophage ingests a foreign antigen, how is the antigen presented?

Donn and Sabine have three children: identical twin sons (Gerard and Gerome) and a daughter (Eliza). To which family member would Gerard ' s MHC genes be the most similar?

When a second infection occurs by the same pathogen, the immune response occurs more rapidly due to ____.

____ form in the bone marrow, but ____ mature in the thymus.

Which of the following is the correct order of the three lines of defense against pathogens?

Autoimmune disorders are caused by ____.

Virus-like particles ____.

White blood cells that engulf a microorganism and then explode their contents, creating a net that traps and kills pathogens are known as ____.

To activate the cell-mediated immune response, which event must occur?

Antihistamines relieve allergy symptoms by ____.

A molecule or particle recognized by the body as nonself is known as a(n) ____.

The cells capable of releasing histamines are ____.

Passive immunization ____.

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form in the bone marrow, but mature in the thymus.