Question 1

Killifish preferentially prey upon small, young guppies. This leads to selective pressure for the guppy population to ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  evolve an equilibrial life history 
B)  learn to evade predators while young 
C)  reduce the number of offspring 
D)  put energy into growth rather than reproduction 
E)  put energy into reproduction rather than growth 
A)  evolve an equilibrial life history 
B)  learn to evade predators while young 
C)  reduce the number of offspring 
D)  put energy into growth rather than reproduction 
E)  put energy into reproduction rather than growth

Question 2

The maximum number of individuals of a species that a given environment can sustain indefinitely defines ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  the carrying capacity of the environment 
B)  exponential growth 
C)  the doubling time of a population 
D)  density-dependent factors 
E)  density-independent factors 
A)  the carrying capacity of the environment 
B)  exponential growth 
C)  the doubling time of a population 
D)  density-dependent factors 
E)  density-independent factors

Question 3

Which type of growth curve is pictured for the accompanying photo of a desert shrub?

Accepted Answer

A)  type II 
B)  logistic 
C)  type I 
D)  exponential 
E)  type III 
A)  type II 
B)  logistic 
C)  type I 
D)  exponential 
E)  type III

Question 4

Which country has the smallest ecological footprint?

Accepted Answer

A)  Mexico 
B)  China 
C)  United States 
D)  India 
E)  Canada 
A)  Mexico 
B)  China 
C)  United States 
D)  India 
E)  Canada

Question 5

Many species of terns nest on the ground in seabird colonies. However, if nests are too close together, aggression will break out. This tends to produce a(n) ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  near-uniform population distribution 
B)  opportunity for predation 
C)  clumped population distribution 
D)  opportunity for exponential growth 
E)  random population distribution 
A)  near-uniform population distribution 
B)  opportunity for predation 
C)  clumped population distribution 
D)  opportunity for exponential growth 
E)  random population distribution

Question 6

A population ecologist wants to estimate the size of a robin population. In an apple orchard, she captures 10 robins, marks them, and then releases them. She returns several weeks later and captures another 10 robins, of which 2 are robins she previously marked. The estimated population size of robins is ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  50 
B)  15 
C)  10 
D)  200 
E)  20 
A)  50 
B)  15 
C)  10 
D)  200 
E)  20

Question 7

Resource consumption tends to ____ with economic and industrial development.

Accepted Answer

A)  remain balanced 
B)  decrease 
C)  remain stable 
D)  rise 
E)  keep pace 
A)  remain balanced 
B)  decrease 
C)  remain stable 
D)  rise 
E)  keep pace

Question 8

In which type of population distribution would plot sampling be most accurate?

Accepted Answer

A)  clumping 
B)  uniform 
C)  random 
D)  random and clumping 
E)  uniform and clumping 
A)  clumping 
B)  uniform 
C)  random 
D)  random and clumping 
E)  uniform and clumping

Question 9

Type I survivorship curves are typical of ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  horses only 
B)  chimpanzees only 
C)  mice only 
D)  horses and chimpanzees 
E)  horses, chimpanzees, and mice 
A)  horses only 
B)  chimpanzees only 
C)  mice only 
D)  horses and chimpanzees 
E)  horses, chimpanzees, and mice

Question 10

Which important discovery in the early 1900s enhanced food production, thus increasing human population growth?

Accepted Answer

A)  cultivation of rice 
B)  cultivation of wheat 
C)  the wheel 
D)  synthetic fertilizer 
E)  penicillin 
A)  cultivation of rice 
B)  cultivation of wheat 
C)  the wheel 
D)  synthetic fertilizer 
E)  penicillin

Question 11

What invention about 11,000 years ago led to a boom in the human population?

Accepted Answer

A)  the wheel 
B)  agriculture 
C)  the printing press 
D)  the steam engine 
E)  the written language 
A)  the wheel 
B)  agriculture 
C)  the printing press 
D)  the steam engine 
E)  the written language

Question 12

Sea lions can live into their thirties and produce no more than one pup per year. A sea lion is a(n) ____ species.

Accepted Answer

A)  type II 
B)  opportunistic 
C)  K -selected 
D)  r-selected 
E)  type III 
A)  type II 
B)  opportunistic 
C)  K -selected 
D)  r-selected 
E)  type III

Question 13

Density-independent controls over population growth include ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  parasites 
B)  temperature 
C)  disease 
D)  competition 
E)  predation 
A)  parasites 
B)  temperature 
C)  disease 
D)  competition 
E)  predation

Question 14

E. coli is an intestinal bacterium that reproduces every 20 minutes. E. coli is representative of a(n) ____ species.

Accepted Answer

A)  r-selected 
B)  K -selected 
C)  type I 
D)  logarithmic type-curve 
E)  type IV 
A)  r-selected 
B)  K -selected 
C)  type I 
D)  logarithmic type-curve 
E)  type IV

Question 15

Refer to the following figure for questions 53, 54, and 55.       Letter "A" designates the ____, which provided for a more reliable food supply approximately 11,000 years ago.

Accepted Answer

A)  bubonic plague 
B)  domestication of plants and animals 
C)  industrial and scientific revolutions 
D)  discovery of America 
E)  emergence of agriculturally based urban societies 
A)  bubonic plague 
B)  domestication of plants and animals 
C)  industrial and scientific revolutions 
D)  discovery of America 
E)  emergence of agriculturally based urban societies

Question 16

The rapid increase in the population of Canada geese in the United States can be primarily attributed to ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  an increase of crop predation 
B)  a decrease in avian diseases 
C)  the suspension of hunting geese for many years 
D)  an increase in wetlands 
E)  an increase in the number of nonmigratory geese 
A)  an increase of crop predation 
B)  a decrease in avian diseases 
C)  the suspension of hunting geese for many years 
D)  an increase in wetlands 
E)  an increase in the number of nonmigratory geese

Question 17

In which demographic model is population growth the fastest?

Accepted Answer

A)  preindustrial 
B)  transitional 
C)  industrial 
D)  postindustrial 
E)  transformational 
A)  preindustrial 
B)  transitional 
C)  industrial 
D)  postindustrial 
E)  transformational

Question 18

Typically, members of a cohort are tracked ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  until they become independent 
B)  until their breeding age 
C)  for a period of time and then released in the environment to serve their purpose in the community 
D)  from birth to death 
E)  as long as they are in good health and serve the purpose of a study 
A)  until they become independent 
B)  until their breeding age 
C)  for a period of time and then released in the environment to serve their purpose in the community 
D)  from birth to death 
E)  as long as they are in good health and serve the purpose of a study

Question 19

A J-shaped growth curve is converted to an S-shaped one ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  when the parents are past-reproductive age 
B)  if the data is plotted in reverse 
C)  when the carrying capacity is reached 
D)  if reproduction is stopped 
E)  only for fast-growing populations such as bacteria 
A)  when the parents are past-reproductive age 
B)  if the data is plotted in reverse 
C)  when the carrying capacity is reached 
D)  if reproduction is stopped 
E)  only for fast-growing populations such as bacteria

Question 20

During phase "3" in the given figure, the population growth slows and then levels off because ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  population growth becomes exponential 
B)  resources are virtually unlimited 
C)  density-dependent factors stop playing an important role 
D)  density-independent factors become operational 
E)  the carrying capacity has been reached 
A)  population growth becomes exponential 
B)  resources are virtually unlimited 
C)  density-dependent factors stop playing an important role 
D)  density-independent factors become operational 
E)  the carrying capacity has been reached

Exam 17: Population Ecology

Killifish preferentially prey upon small, young guppies. This leads to selective pressure for the guppy population to ____.

The maximum number of individuals of a species that a given environment can sustain indefinitely defines ____.

Which type of growth curve is pictured for the accompanying photo of a desert shrub?

Which country has the smallest ecological footprint?

Many species of terns nest on the ground in seabird colonies. However, if nests are too close together, aggression will break out. This tends to produce a(n) ____.

Resource consumption tends to ____ with economic and industrial development.

In which type of population distribution would plot sampling be most accurate?

Type I survivorship curves are typical of ____.

Which important discovery in the early 1900s enhanced food production, thus increasing human population growth?

What invention about 11,000 years ago led to a boom in the human population?

Sea lions can live into their thirties and produce no more than one pup per year. A sea lion is a(n) ____ species.

Density-independent controls over population growth include ____.

E. coli is an intestinal bacterium that reproduces every 20 minutes. E. coli is representative of a(n) ____ species.

Refer to the following figure for questions 53, 54, and 55. Letter "A" designates the ____, which provided for a more reliable food supply approximately 11,000 years ago.

The rapid increase in the population of Canada geese in the United States can be primarily attributed to ____.

In which demographic model is population growth the fastest?

Typically, members of a cohort are tracked ____.

A J-shaped growth curve is converted to an S-shaped one ____.

During phase "3" in the given figure, the population growth slows and then levels off because ____.

Invitation to Biology

Molecules of Life

Cell Structure

Energy and Metabolism

Photosynthesis

Releasing Chemical Energy

Dna Structure and Function

Gene Expression and Control

How Cells Reproduce

Patterns of Inheritance

Biotechnology

Evidence of Evolution

Processes of Evolution

Prokaryotes, Protists, and Viruses

Plants and Fungi

Animal Evolution

Communities and Ecosystems

The Biosphere and Human Effects

Animal Tissues and Organs

How Animals Move

Circulation and Respiration

Immunity

Digestion and Excretion

Neural Control and the Senses

Endocrine Control

Animal Reproduction and Development

Plant Form and Function

Life Cycles of Flowering Plants

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