Question 1

Which of the following statements concerning restriction endonucleases is true ?

Accepted Answer

A)  They attack RNA, not DNA. 
B)  They can produce "sticky ends". 
C)  They attack single-stranded sequences only. 
D)  They do not display sequence specificity in their site of attack. 
A)  They attack RNA, not DNA. 
B)  They can produce "sticky ends". 
C)  They attack single-stranded sequences only. 
D)  They do not display sequence specificity in their site of attack.

Question 2

Exhibit 13A This is a map of the pBR322 plasmid, numbers on the map refer to the base where the site is located.   Refer to Exhibit 13A. If the plasmid were completely digested with the two restriction enzymes Bam HI and Hgi EII, the resulting fragments would be this large:

Accepted Answer

A)  1920, 1305, 761, and 377 base pairs long. 
B)  1920, 1682 and 761 base pairs long. 
C)  1920, 1680 and 761 base pairs long. 
D)  3056, 2295 and 375 base pairs long. 
E)  The sizes cannot be determined from the data given. 
A)  1920, 1305, 761, and 377 base pairs long. 
B)  1920, 1682 and 761 base pairs long. 
C)  1920, 1680 and 761 base pairs long. 
D)  3056, 2295 and 375 base pairs long. 
E)  The sizes cannot be determined from the data given.

Question 3

The usefulness of blotting techniques in molecular biology is that

Accepted Answer

A)  spills of hazardous chemicals are minimized 
B)  only the substance of interest is transferred to a nitrocellulose disk 
C)  it directly gives rise to a genetic map 
D)  transferred material is in the same relative position on the disk as on the original sample 
A)  spills of hazardous chemicals are minimized 
B)  only the substance of interest is transferred to a nitrocellulose disk 
C)  it directly gives rise to a genetic map 
D)  transferred material is in the same relative position on the disk as on the original sample

Question 4

During a gene analysis, a DNA chip was scanned to analyze the fluorescence of the cDNA. The results showed a green dot. The green dot is an indication of a(n)_____.

Accepted Answer

A)  DNA sequence that bound to the cDNA from the treated cells 
B)  RNA that was produced in untreated cells but not in treated cells 
C)  mRNA that was produced in equal quantities in treated or untreated cells 
D)  DNA sequences on the chip for which no mRNA was produced 
A)  DNA sequence that bound to the cDNA from the treated cells 
B)  RNA that was produced in untreated cells but not in treated cells 
C)  mRNA that was produced in equal quantities in treated or untreated cells 
D)  DNA sequences on the chip for which no mRNA was produced

Question 5

Suitable vectors for cloning of recombinant DNA can be

Accepted Answer

A)  bacteriophages. 
B)  bacterial plasmids. 
C)  both of these. 
D)  neither of these. 
A)  bacteriophages. 
B)  bacterial plasmids. 
C)  both of these. 
D)  neither of these.

Question 6

An expression library contains genes corresponding to all of the following, except :

Accepted Answer

A)  The mRNA made in a specific cell type. 
B)  The genes for all the proteins found in an organism. 
C)  The mRNA made in a specific tissue. 
D)  The genes expressed during a particular developmental stage of the organism. 
E)  An expression library could be any of these choices. 
A)  The mRNA made in a specific cell type. 
B)  The genes for all the proteins found in an organism. 
C)  The mRNA made in a specific tissue. 
D)  The genes expressed during a particular developmental stage of the organism. 
E)  An expression library could be any of these choices.

Question 7

​ Explain the difference between the homozygous condition and the heterozygous condition of a gene.

Accepted Answer

Organisms exhibiting the homozygous cond

Question 8

SyBr green and SyBr gold were developed because

Accepted Answer

A)  ethidium bromide is not sensitive enough for modern research 
B)  they allow faster electrophoretic separations of DNA 
C)  they fluoresce with RNA as well as DNA, while ethidium bromide does not 
D)  ethidium bromide is carcinogenic 
A)  ethidium bromide is not sensitive enough for modern research 
B)  they allow faster electrophoretic separations of DNA 
C)  they fluoresce with RNA as well as DNA, while ethidium bromide does not 
D)  ethidium bromide is carcinogenic

Question 9

Which of the following is not a potential benefit of creating a fusion protein in genetic engineering?

Accepted Answer

A)  If a signal peptide is included, the protein may be excreted from the cell, making it easier to isolate. 
B)  If certain sequences are produced (for example, a histidine oligopeptide), the protein may be isolated by affinity chromatography. 
C)  The protein is less likely to be antigenic. 
D)  Both signal peptides and histidine oligomers are useful. 
E)  All of these reasons are benefits to the protein product. 
A)  If a signal peptide is included, the protein may be excreted from the cell, making it easier to isolate. 
B)  If certain sequences are produced (for example, a histidine oligopeptide), the protein may be isolated by affinity chromatography. 
C)  The protein is less likely to be antigenic. 
D)  Both signal peptides and histidine oligomers are useful. 
E)  All of these reasons are benefits to the protein product.

Question 10

Antibiotic-resistance genes in vectors are often used as selectable markers.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Multi-cloning sites ("poly-linkers") in most commercially available plasmids offer all the following advantages over the earlier plasmids used in genetic recombination except :

Accepted Answer

A)  They can be used with a wide variety of restriction enzymes. 
B)  They assure that only the desired DNA will be inserted into the plasmid. 
C)  They enable easy control of the direction of insertion of the gene of interest. 
D)  They are usually adjacent to any necessary promoters for gene expression. 
E)  All of these are advantages. 
A)  They can be used with a wide variety of restriction enzymes. 
B)  They assure that only the desired DNA will be inserted into the plasmid. 
C)  They enable easy control of the direction of insertion of the gene of interest. 
D)  They are usually adjacent to any necessary promoters for gene expression. 
E)  All of these are advantages.

Question 12

Sometimes DNA probes are used to prove that a gene has been incorporated into a eukaryotic genome. The following are all steps used in such a procedure, except :

Accepted Answer

A)  Digestion of the cellular DNA to break it into manageable sizes. 
B)  Separation of the fragments by gel electrophoresis. 
C)  Hybridization of a nucleic acid strand complementary to the gene of interest. 
D)  Elution of the hybridized DNA from the gel for analysis. 
E)  All of these steps are necessary in probing for the presence of a gene. 
A)  Digestion of the cellular DNA to break it into manageable sizes. 
B)  Separation of the fragments by gel electrophoresis. 
C)  Hybridization of a nucleic acid strand complementary to the gene of interest. 
D)  Elution of the hybridized DNA from the gel for analysis. 
E)  All of these steps are necessary in probing for the presence of a gene.

Question 13

Which of the following is not required in order for a plasmid to be used in genetic recombination?

Accepted Answer

A)  An "ori" site. 
B)  A gene to allow for easy screening an isolation of cells which contain the plasmid. 
C)  A poly-cloning site or multi-cloning site for gene insertion. 
D)  At least one site for a restriction enzyme to cut. 
E)  All of these are essential in a plasmid for DNA recombination. 
A)  An "ori" site. 
B)  A gene to allow for easy screening an isolation of cells which contain the plasmid. 
C)  A poly-cloning site or multi-cloning site for gene insertion. 
D)  At least one site for a restriction enzyme to cut. 
E)  All of these are essential in a plasmid for DNA recombination.

Question 14

During the simplest type of genetic recombination, there is a ____ chance that the gene will be inserted in the correct direction.

Accepted Answer

A)  10% 
B)  25% 
C)  50% 
D)  75% 
E)  100% 
A)  10% 
B)  25% 
C)  50% 
D)  75% 
E)  100%

Question 15

​ Explain the significance of DNA microarrays in the analysis of genes.

Accepted Answer

The traditional methods of gene analysis

Question 16

Which of the following is not a purpose of using nitrocellulose during screening of a DNA library?

Accepted Answer

A)  To transfer colonies to from the agar plates 
B)  To allow hybridization with a DNA probe 
C)  To duplicate the colonies for later retrieval of the DNA of interest 
D)  To grow bacterial colonies 
A)  To transfer colonies to from the agar plates 
B)  To allow hybridization with a DNA probe 
C)  To duplicate the colonies for later retrieval of the DNA of interest 
D)  To grow bacterial colonies

Question 17

Which of the following proteins are produced by recombinant DNA technology but have had their purposes subverted for improving athletic perforrmance?

Accepted Answer

A)  Erythropoietin 
B)  Human Growth Hormone 
C)  Insulin 
D)  Enterokinase 
E)  Erythropoietin and Human Growth Hormone
F) All of these 
A)  Erythropoietin 
B)  Human Growth Hormone 
C)  Insulin 
D)  Enterokinase 
E)  Erythropoietin and Human Growth Hormone
F) All of these

Question 18

Exhibit 13A This is a map of the pBR322 plasmid, numbers on the map refer to the base where the site is located.   Refer to Exhibit 13A. If a recombinant plasmid were obtained inserting DNA into the Bam HI site, the recombinant plasmid would lack which of the following properties?

Accepted Answer

A)  It would replicate autonomously. 
B)  It would be resistant to the antibiotic tetracycline. 
C)  It would be resistant to the antibiotic ampicillin. 
D)  It would possess at least two promoter sites. 
A)  It would replicate autonomously. 
B)  It would be resistant to the antibiotic tetracycline. 
C)  It would be resistant to the antibiotic ampicillin. 
D)  It would possess at least two promoter sites.

Question 19

The presence of bacterial or viral clones is detected experimentally by

Accepted Answer

A)  the presence of colonies or plaques on a suitably prepared Petri dish. 
B)  gel electrophoresis. 
C)  analytical ultracentrifugation. 
D)  x-ray crystallography. 
A)  the presence of colonies or plaques on a suitably prepared Petri dish. 
B)  gel electrophoresis. 
C)  analytical ultracentrifugation. 
D)  x-ray crystallography.

Question 20

Which of the following are methods used to determine where the DNA bands are located on an electrophoresis gel?

Accepted Answer

A)  Radioactivity 
B)  Fluorescence 
C)  Dyes which bind to DNA 
D)  Luminescence 
E)  All of these can visualize the DNA 
A)  Radioactivity 
B)  Fluorescence 
C)  Dyes which bind to DNA 
D)  Luminescence 
E)  All of these can visualize the DNA

Exam 13: Nucleic Acid Biotechnology Techniques

Which of the following statements concerning restriction endonucleases is true ?

Exhibit 13A This is a map of the pBR322 plasmid, numbers on the map refer to the base where the site is located. Refer to Exhibit 13A. If the plasmid were completely digested with the two restriction enzymes Bam HI and Hgi EII, the resulting fragments would be this large:

The usefulness of blotting techniques in molecular biology is that

During a gene analysis, a DNA chip was scanned to analyze the fluorescence of the cDNA. The results showed a green dot. The green dot is an indication of a(n)_____.

Suitable vectors for cloning of recombinant DNA can be

An expression library contains genes corresponding to all of the following, except :

​ Explain the difference between the homozygous condition and the heterozygous condition of a gene.

SyBr green and SyBr gold were developed because

Which of the following is not a potential benefit of creating a fusion protein in genetic engineering?

Antibiotic-resistance genes in vectors are often used as selectable markers.

Multi-cloning sites ("poly-linkers") in most commercially available plasmids offer all the following advantages over the earlier plasmids used in genetic recombination except :

Sometimes DNA probes are used to prove that a gene has been incorporated into a eukaryotic genome. The following are all steps used in such a procedure, except :

Which of the following is not required in order for a plasmid to be used in genetic recombination?

During the simplest type of genetic recombination, there is a ____ chance that the gene will be inserted in the correct direction.

​ Explain the significance of DNA microarrays in the analysis of genes.

Which of the following is not a purpose of using nitrocellulose during screening of a DNA library?

Which of the following proteins are produced by recombinant DNA technology but have had their purposes subverted for improving athletic perforrmance?

Exhibit 13A This is a map of the pBR322 plasmid, numbers on the map refer to the base where the site is located. Refer to Exhibit 13A. If a recombinant plasmid were obtained inserting DNA into the Bam HI site, the recombinant plasmid would lack which of the following properties?

The presence of bacterial or viral clones is detected experimentally by

Which of the following are methods used to determine where the DNA bands are located on an electrophoresis gel?

Biochemistry and the Organization of Cells

Water the Solvent for Biochemical Reactions

Amino Acids and Peptides

The Three Dimensional Structure of Proteins

Protein Purification and Characterization Techniques

The Behavior of Proteins Enzymes

The Behavior of Proteins Enzymes Mechanisms and Control

Lipids and Proteins Are Associated in Biological Membranes

Nucleic Acids How Structure Conveys Information

Biosynthesis of Nucleic Acids Replication

Transcription of the Genetic Code the Biosynthesis of Rna

Protein Synthesis Translation of the Genetic Message

Viruses Cancer and Immunology

The Importance of Energy Changes and Electron Transfer in Metabolism

Carbohydrates

Glycolysis

Storage Mechanisms and Control in Carbohydrate Metabolism

The Citric Acid Cycle

Electron Transport and Oxidative Phosphorylation

Lipid Metabolism

Photosynthesis

The Metabolism of Nitrogen

Integration of Metabolism Cellular Signaling

Filters

Explain the difference between the homozygous condition and the heterozygous condition of a gene.

Explain the significance of DNA microarrays in the analysis of genes.