Exam 16: Criminal Justice: Cops and Corrections

The U.S. Supreme Court said that police are required to inform anyone suspected of a crime of the right to remain silent because of which of the following decisions?

A criminal has about a one out of one-hundred chance of getting arrested and punished for a crime.

In Mapp v. Ohio (1966), the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that evidence obtained illegally by police could not be used in court; this rule is also known as the exclusionary rule.

The vast proportion of dollars spent on law enforcement comes from states and localities.

Every time a violent or tragic crime is committed against an innocent person, renewed calls are made that the person who committed that crime should be subject to the death penalty. The text devotes considerable space to the death penalty. Does the death penalty work? How often has it been utilized? How much does it cost a state to prosecute an individual under the death penalty? Would it be cheaper long term to sentence that person to life in prison without parole, to avoid the litigation costs over a death sentence?

Juries are the only way a defendant can be declared guilty in which type of cases?

While the causes of crime are complex, in general, which of the following would be most likely to commit a crime and serve time by their mid-thirties?

What are the common rationales for the widespread adoption of surveillance systems in large- and mid-sized cities?

Black men and other minorities are much more frequently apprehended, arrested, and prosecuted than white men. Many African-Americans and Hispanics frequently accuse law enforcement of conducting racial profiling, particularly with traffic enforcement. Yet, law enforcement often claims that selective aggressive enforcement often is successful in curtailing or preventing crime and that it provides local residents with a sense of comfort. How does one balance one's rights with appropriate patrolling and enforcement techniques?

Research consistently shows that state imprisonment rates are not significantly related to crime rates.

In Escobedo v. Illinois (1964), the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that the accused must be informed of the right to remain silent at the time of their arrest.

A new prison brings approximately how many jobs for each 1000 inmates?

In Miranda v. Arizona (1966), the U.S. Supreme Court held that accused persons have the right to remain silent and of being informed that anything they say could be used against them.

Three broad policy alternatives or strategies are being followed by states and localities to solve the problems of prison overcrowding. Identify all three of them, discuss the pros and cons associated with one of those alternatives, and identify several options by which that alternative might be carried out.

The chief law enforcement officer in most states is the head of the state police.

The Federal Government provides about $1 million to help state and local governments fight crime.

Currently, the national violent crime rate has fallen to its lowest level in decades, and property crime has dropped nearly as dramatically.

Approximately what percent of African American men comprise the male prison population?

Victimless crimes are illegal acts that, in theory, do no one any harm.

High poverty rates, dysfunctional families, free-flowing illegal drug markets, and violent gangs are all factors invariably associated with high crime rates.