Question 1

An experiment is a research method in which the researcher

Accepted Answer

A)  systematically varies one factor to see if it has any effect on another factor. 
B)  assumes that changes in the dependent variable create changes in the independent variable. 
C)  systematically varies two or more factors at the same time and records the results. 
D)  is able to make predictions in everyday life with the same precision as in the laboratory. 
A)  systematically varies one factor to see if it has any effect on another factor. 
B)  assumes that changes in the dependent variable create changes in the independent variable. 
C)  systematically varies two or more factors at the same time and records the results. 
D)  is able to make predictions in everyday life with the same precision as in the laboratory.

Question 2

Historically,formal discussion of theories of personality have been dominated by a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  Western focus. 
B)  feminist focus. 
C)  Afrocentric focus. 
D)  Asian focus. 
A)  Western focus. 
B)  feminist focus. 
C)  Afrocentric focus. 
D)  Asian focus.

Question 3

Identify three major motives or goals of therapy and give an example of a therapy that addresses each goal.

Accepted Answer

1. Relief of symptoms: One major goal of

Question 4

John Watson recommended that psychologists should emphasize the study of

Accepted Answer

A)  overt behaviors. 
B)  mental processes. 
C)  introspection. 
D)  covert behaviors. 
A)  overt behaviors. 
B)  mental processes. 
C)  introspection. 
D)  covert behaviors.

Question 5

The compatibility of a hypothesis refers to its

Accepted Answer

A)  simplicity of purpose. 
B)  compelling epiphanic character. 
C)  agreement with previously established information. 
D)  ability to generate confirmatory findings. 
A)  simplicity of purpose. 
B)  compelling epiphanic character. 
C)  agreement with previously established information. 
D)  ability to generate confirmatory findings.

Question 6

Which of the following personality theorists considered the concept of personality to be unnecessary?

Accepted Answer

A)  Gordon Allport 
B)  Sigmund Freud 
C)  Carl Rogers 
D)  B. F. Skinner 
A)  Gordon Allport 
B)  Sigmund Freud 
C)  Carl Rogers 
D)  B. F. Skinner

Question 7

Why are theories of personality constructed?

Accepted Answer

A)  To help us understand human nature 
B)  To zero in on one general explanation 
C)  To sum up research 
D)  Because they're necessitated by nature 
A)  To help us understand human nature 
B)  To zero in on one general explanation 
C)  To sum up research 
D)  Because they're necessitated by nature

Question 8

What do personality theorists seek to accomplish in their role of scientists?

Accepted Answer

A)  They deal with the study of ultimate reality. 
B)  They apply their findings to foster better living. 
C)  They explore what it means to be a person. 
D)  They test hypotheses to explain human behavior. 
A)  They deal with the study of ultimate reality. 
B)  They apply their findings to foster better living. 
C)  They explore what it means to be a person. 
D)  They test hypotheses to explain human behavior.

Question 9

Subjective data differ from objective data because

Accepted Answer

A)  subjective data are not based on empirical data. 
B)  subjective data are more difficult to validate consensually. 
C)  psychologists are not concerned with subjective data. 
D)  subjective data refer to things outside the self. 
A)  subjective data are not based on empirical data. 
B)  subjective data are more difficult to validate consensually. 
C)  psychologists are not concerned with subjective data. 
D)  subjective data refer to things outside the self.

Question 10

John Watson's extreme behaviorist views were adopted and taken even further by

Accepted Answer

A)  Gordon Allport. 
B)  Carl Rogers. 
C)  Sigmund Freud 
D)  B.F. Skinner 
A)  Gordon Allport. 
B)  Carl Rogers. 
C)  Sigmund Freud 
D)  B.F. Skinner

Question 11

Scientists use the term __________________ to describe agreement among observers.

Accepted Answer

A)  validity 
B)  consensual validation 
C)  subjective data 
D)  generalization 
A)  validity 
B)  consensual validation 
C)  subjective data 
D)  generalization

Question 12

Sasha can be characterized as shy,tired,hungry,and attractive.Which of the following describes one of Sasha's personality traits?

Accepted Answer

A)  She is shy. 
B)  She is attractive. 
C)  She is tired. 
D)  She is hungry. 
A)  She is shy. 
B)  She is attractive. 
C)  She is tired. 
D)  She is hungry.

Question 13

What is a paradigm,and how is this concept relevant to the study of personality?

Accepted Answer

A paradigm is a set of beliefs, values,

Question 14

People of ________________ have engaged in scholarly efforts to understand themselves by constructing theories of personality.

Accepted Answer

A)  North America 
B)  the United States and Europe 
C)  all cultures 
D)  the Western world 
A)  North America 
B)  the United States and Europe 
C)  all cultures 
D)  the Western world

Question 15

One requirement of scientific statements is that they be

Accepted Answer

A)  based on extrasensory perception. 
B)  open to falsification. 
C)  based on an epiphanic act of knowledge. 
D)  evaluated by their compellingness. 
A)  based on extrasensory perception. 
B)  open to falsification. 
C)  based on an epiphanic act of knowledge. 
D)  evaluated by their compellingness.

Question 16

When we use the term personality in everyday speech,we are usually referring to

Accepted Answer

A)  unconscious forces. 
B)  an unorganized pattern of the perception of "I." 
C)  that which determines an individual's behavior. 
D)  an individual's public image or social role. 
A)  unconscious forces. 
B)  an unorganized pattern of the perception of "I." 
C)  that which determines an individual's behavior. 
D)  an individual's public image or social role.

Question 17

Who is most closely associated with the term paradigm as applied to scientific study?

Accepted Answer

A)  Sigmund Freud 
B)  Thomas Kuhn 
C)  B. F. Skinner 
D)  Carl Rogers 
A)  Sigmund Freud 
B)  Thomas Kuhn 
C)  B. F. Skinner 
D)  Carl Rogers

Question 18

A model or concept of the world that is shared by the members of the community and that governs their activities is called a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  paradigm. 
B)  operational definition. 
C)  philosophical assumption. 
D)  scientific statement. 
A)  paradigm. 
B)  operational definition. 
C)  philosophical assumption. 
D)  scientific statement.

Question 19

Macro theories of personality are to micro theories as ________ is to ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  global; specific 
B)  implicit; explicit 
C)  optimistic; pessimistic 
D)  reactive; proactive 
A)  global; specific 
B)  implicit; explicit 
C)  optimistic; pessimistic 
D)  reactive; proactive

Question 20

One of the philosophical issues about which personality theorists debate is uniqueness versus universality.Which of these two points of view do you prefer?

Accepted Answer

As a personality theorist, I believe tha

An experiment is a research method in which the researcher

Historically,formal discussion of theories of personality have been dominated by a(n)

Identify three major motives or goals of therapy and give an example of a therapy that addresses each goal.

John Watson recommended that psychologists should emphasize the study of

The compatibility of a hypothesis refers to its

Which of the following personality theorists considered the concept of personality to be unnecessary?

Why are theories of personality constructed?

What do personality theorists seek to accomplish in their role of scientists?

Subjective data differ from objective data because

John Watson's extreme behaviorist views were adopted and taken even further by

Scientists use the term __________________ to describe agreement among observers.

Sasha can be characterized as shy,tired,hungry,and attractive.Which of the following describes one of Sasha's personality traits?

What is a paradigm,and how is this concept relevant to the study of personality?

People of ________________ have engaged in scholarly efforts to understand themselves by constructing theories of personality.

One requirement of scientific statements is that they be

When we use the term personality in everyday speech,we are usually referring to

Who is most closely associated with the term paradigm as applied to scientific study?

A model or concept of the world that is shared by the members of the community and that governs their activities is called a(n)

Macro theories of personality are to micro theories as is to .

One of the philosophical issues about which personality theorists debate is uniqueness versus universality.Which of these two points of view do you prefer?

Psychoanalysis Sigmund Freud

Analytical Psychology Carl Jung

Inter-psychic Theories Alfred Adler, Harry Stack Sullivan

Psychoanalytic Social Psychology Karen Horney Erich Fromm

Ego Analytic Psychology Anna Freud Erik Erikson Dan McAdams

Human Relations Object Relations Theory, Relational-Cultural Theory

Experimental Analysis of Behavior John Dollard and Neal Miller B.F.Skinner

Social Learning Theories Albert Bandura, Julian Rotter, Walter Mischel

Traits and Personology Gordon Allport Henry Murray

Factor Analytic, Genetic and Evolutionary Theories Raymond Cattell, The Big Five Personality Traits, Genetic and Evolutionary Developments

Biological Traits Hans Eysenck

Humanism Abraham Maslow, Carl Rogers

Existential Psychoanalysis Rollo May

Personal Constructs George Kelly

Cognitive-Behavioral Theories Albert Ellis, Aaron Beck, Arnold Lazarus

Zen Buddhism

Conclusion personality Theory in Perspective

Filters

Exam 1: Introduction Evaluating Personality Theories

An experiment is a research method in which the researcher

Historically,formal discussion of theories of personality have been dominated by a(n)

Identify three major motives or goals of therapy and give an example of a therapy that addresses each goal.

John Watson recommended that psychologists should emphasize the study of

The compatibility of a hypothesis refers to its

Which of the following personality theorists considered the concept of personality to be unnecessary?

Why are theories of personality constructed?

What do personality theorists seek to accomplish in their role of scientists?

Subjective data differ from objective data because

John Watson's extreme behaviorist views were adopted and taken even further by

Scientists use the term __________________ to describe agreement among observers.

Sasha can be characterized as shy,tired,hungry,and attractive.Which of the following describes one of Sasha's personality traits?

What is a paradigm,and how is this concept relevant to the study of personality?

People of ________________ have engaged in scholarly efforts to understand themselves by constructing theories of personality.

One requirement of scientific statements is that they be

When we use the term personality in everyday speech,we are usually referring to

Who is most closely associated with the term paradigm as applied to scientific study?

A model or concept of the world that is shared by the members of the community and that governs their activities is called a(n)

Macro theories of personality are to micro theories as ________ is to ________.

One of the philosophical issues about which personality theorists debate is uniqueness versus universality.Which of these two points of view do you prefer?

Psychoanalysis Sigmund Freud

Analytical Psychology Carl Jung

Inter-psychic Theories Alfred Adler, Harry Stack Sullivan

Psychoanalytic Social Psychology Karen Horney Erich Fromm

Ego Analytic Psychology Anna Freud Erik Erikson Dan McAdams

Human Relations Object Relations Theory, Relational-Cultural Theory

Experimental Analysis of Behavior John Dollard and Neal Miller B.F.Skinner

Social Learning Theories Albert Bandura, Julian Rotter, Walter Mischel

Traits and Personology Gordon Allport Henry Murray

Factor Analytic, Genetic and Evolutionary Theories Raymond Cattell, The Big Five Personality Traits, Genetic and Evolutionary Developments

Biological Traits Hans Eysenck

Humanism Abraham Maslow, Carl Rogers

Existential Psychoanalysis Rollo May

Personal Constructs George Kelly

Cognitive-Behavioral Theories Albert Ellis, Aaron Beck, Arnold Lazarus

Zen Buddhism

Conclusion personality Theory in Perspective

Filters

Macro theories of personality are to micro theories as is to .