Question 1

Eysenck was critical of early rating forms and inventories used in personality research because

Accepted Answer

A)  their authors mistakenly assumed that individuals answer questions truthfully. 
B)  they were written at an above-average literacy level, which precluded their use by many individuals with poor reading skills. 
C)  testing conditions that were identical for everyone could not be established. 
D)  the tests were timed, which placed stress on the individuals taking them and lead to skewed results. 
A)  their authors mistakenly assumed that individuals answer questions truthfully. 
B)  they were written at an above-average literacy level, which precluded their use by many individuals with poor reading skills. 
C)  testing conditions that were identical for everyone could not be established. 
D)  the tests were timed, which placed stress on the individuals taking them and lead to skewed results. A

Question 2

Eysenck's use of factor analysis differed from Cattell's in that Eysenck

Accepted Answer

A)  began with a hypothesis regarding underlying variables and proceeded to test it with factor analysis. 
B)  drew conclusions based on the clusters that appear as a result of the process of factor analysis. 
C)  regarded factor analysis as the last step in constructing his model of personality. 
D)  used a more inductive approach. 
A)  began with a hypothesis regarding underlying variables and proceeded to test it with factor analysis. 
B)  drew conclusions based on the clusters that appear as a result of the process of factor analysis. 
C)  regarded factor analysis as the last step in constructing his model of personality. 
D)  used a more inductive approach. A

Question 3

Eysenck believed that differences in IQs can be explained on the basis of differences in

Accepted Answer

A)  arousal. 
B)  cultural backgrounds. 
C)  evoked potentials. 
D)  parental IQs. 
A)  arousal. 
B)  cultural backgrounds. 
C)  evoked potentials. 
D)  parental IQs. C

Question 4

Jonathan hosts parties for his friends on a regular basis.Eysenck would place this ongoing pattern of behavior at the _____ level of his hierarchy of personality.

Accepted Answer

A)  type 
B)  trait 
C)  habitual response 
D)  specific response 
A)  type 
B)  trait 
C)  habitual response 
D)  specific response

Question 5

Which of the following is true regarding Eysenck's research and the categorization of psychopathology?

Accepted Answer

A)  Eysenck's research supports the removal of schizophrenia from the diagnostic manual. 
B)  Eysenck's research supports a dimensionally based factor model of personality disorders. 
C)  Eysenck's research refutes any role of biological or genetic factors in most forms of psychopathology. 
D)  Eysenck's research supports the inclusion of abnormally high intelligence as a form of psychopathology. 
A)  Eysenck's research supports the removal of schizophrenia from the diagnostic manual. 
B)  Eysenck's research supports a dimensionally based factor model of personality disorders. 
C)  Eysenck's research refutes any role of biological or genetic factors in most forms of psychopathology. 
D)  Eysenck's research supports the inclusion of abnormally high intelligence as a form of psychopathology.

Question 6

What is the conclusion of studies on discovery learning that takes the personalities of students into consideration?

Accepted Answer

A)  Extraverted students do better with discovery learning. 
B)  Introverted students do better with discovery learning. 
C)  There is no relationship between personality and preferred mode of learning. 
D)  Both extraverts and introverts need equal amounts of discovery and reception learning for maximal learning. 
A)  Extraverted students do better with discovery learning. 
B)  Introverted students do better with discovery learning. 
C)  There is no relationship between personality and preferred mode of learning. 
D)  Both extraverts and introverts need equal amounts of discovery and reception learning for maximal learning.

Question 7

Trait theories differ from type theories because trait theories involve

Accepted Answer

A)  continuous dimensions. 
B)  observable entities. 
C)  discrete categories. 
D)  personality processes. 
A)  continuous dimensions. 
B)  observable entities. 
C)  discrete categories. 
D)  personality processes.

Question 8

Cross-cultural studies of Eysenck's genetic determinants of the three major superfactors suggests that

Accepted Answer

A)  the superfactors are universal personality dimensions. 
B)  the superfactors are not stable over the course of an individual's life. 
C)  additional superfactors are likely to be identified. 
D)  the superfactors are more easily assessed in males than in females. 
A)  the superfactors are universal personality dimensions. 
B)  the superfactors are not stable over the course of an individual's life. 
C)  additional superfactors are likely to be identified. 
D)  the superfactors are more easily assessed in males than in females.

Question 9

Eysenck believed that it would be possible in the future to assess a person's intelligence by using an electroencephalogram to determine the complexity of his or her evoked potentials.What would be the advantages of using such a measure instead of a standard IQ test? What would be the drawbacks?

Accepted Answer

The potential advantages of using an ele

Question 10

Which of the following is not being mapped in the brain with recently developed technology,such as PET and MRI?

Accepted Answer

A)  Self-transcendence, an adaptive characteristic in aging 
B)  Processing centers in the brain for negative and positive emotion 
C)  Brain regions important for forming the sense of self 
D)  Brain regions that dictate our political affiliations 
A)  Self-transcendence, an adaptive characteristic in aging 
B)  Processing centers in the brain for negative and positive emotion 
C)  Brain regions important for forming the sense of self 
D)  Brain regions that dictate our political affiliations

Question 11

The higher an individual rates in psychoticism,the less likely he or she is to express religious views or attend religious services.Why is the most likely for this?

Accepted Answer

A)  The church services are often too long for them to sit through without getting antsy, so they stop going and eventually stop believing in the norms, values, and beliefs held by other followers. 
B)  These individuals are generally lower in creativity than normal individuals and cannot understand the intangible concepts of God and spirituality. 
C)  These individuals are not easily conditioned and typically have a high degree of impulsivity that impairs the formation of the conditioned responses involved with organized religion. 
D)  The majority of these individuals were never exposed to religious values, beliefs, or norms at any point in their lives. 
A)  The church services are often too long for them to sit through without getting antsy, so they stop going and eventually stop believing in the norms, values, and beliefs held by other followers. 
B)  These individuals are generally lower in creativity than normal individuals and cannot understand the intangible concepts of God and spirituality. 
C)  These individuals are not easily conditioned and typically have a high degree of impulsivity that impairs the formation of the conditioned responses involved with organized religion. 
D)  The majority of these individuals were never exposed to religious values, beliefs, or norms at any point in their lives.

Question 12

Identify the hypothesized causal agents of extraversion-introversion,emotional stability-neuroticism,and psychoticism in Eysenck's theory.Indicate how his work relates to current research on the brain.

Accepted Answer

In Eysenck's theory, the hypothesized ca

Question 13

The AIM-Q is an improvement over Eysenck's Personality Inventory and most other personality inventories because it

Accepted Answer

A)  is based on evolutionary theory and emphasizes that current human behaviors are based on the processes of earlier adaptation and selection. 
B)  ignores individual differences when trying to explain personality differences in humans. 
C)  addresses maturational changes in personality and behavior that have not been addressed by other theories. 
D)  utilizes the nonconscious process of self-awareness to process current behaviors and relate them to the past. 
A)  is based on evolutionary theory and emphasizes that current human behaviors are based on the processes of earlier adaptation and selection. 
B)  ignores individual differences when trying to explain personality differences in humans. 
C)  addresses maturational changes in personality and behavior that have not been addressed by other theories. 
D)  utilizes the nonconscious process of self-awareness to process current behaviors and relate them to the past.

Question 14

Research on PTSD with people in China that were affected by serious,life-threatening natural disasters revealed that higher levels of PTSD were associated with higher levels of

Accepted Answer

A)  extroversion. 
B)  introversion. 
C)  psychoticism. 
D)  neuroticism. 
A)  extroversion. 
B)  introversion. 
C)  psychoticism. 
D)  neuroticism.

Question 15

Describe some of the historical predecessors to Eysenck's theory.

Accepted Answer

Some of the historical predecessors to E

Question 16

Recent research on the brain has identified a __________,which is associated with anxiety and neuroticism,and a _____________,which is associated with extraversion and positive emotions.

Accepted Answer

A)  cerebral cortex; corpus callosum 
B)  hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HP
A)  axis; cerebral cortex 
C)  behavioral approach system; behavioral inhibition system 
D)  behavioral inhibition system; behavioral approach system 
A)  cerebral cortex; corpus callosum 
B)  hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HP
A)  axis; cerebral cortex 
C)  behavioral approach system; behavioral inhibition system 
D)  behavioral inhibition system; behavioral approach system

Question 17

William Sheldon's theory of temperament was based primarily on

Accepted Answer

A)  the collective unconscious. 
B)  conditioning. 
C)  physique. 
D)  interaction among the id, ego, and superego. 
A)  the collective unconscious. 
B)  conditioning. 
C)  physique. 
D)  interaction among the id, ego, and superego.

Question 18

Denise is a voluntary participant in a psychological research study.The researcher uses lemons,string,and double-tipped cotton swabs.What variable is the researcher most likely investigating?

Accepted Answer

A)  extraversion. 
B)  dexterity. 
C)  intelligence. 
D)  psychoticism. 
A)  extraversion. 
B)  dexterity. 
C)  intelligence. 
D)  psychoticism.

Question 19

Recent research has determined that a variation in the dopamine D2 receptor gene has been linked to _______; as a result,we can conclude that a person with this variation _______.

Accepted Answer

A)  major depression; will be diagnosed with the disorder 
B)  generalized anxiety disorder; may or may not be diagnosed with the disorder 
C)  ADHD; may or may not be diagnosed with the disorder 
D)  schizophrenia; will be diagnosed with the disorder 
A)  major depression; will be diagnosed with the disorder 
B)  generalized anxiety disorder; may or may not be diagnosed with the disorder 
C)  ADHD; may or may not be diagnosed with the disorder 
D)  schizophrenia; will be diagnosed with the disorder

Question 20

Should intelligence be considered an aspect of personality?

Accepted Answer

Intelligence and personality are two dis

Eysenck was critical of early rating forms and inventories used in personality research because

Eysenck's use of factor analysis differed from Cattell's in that Eysenck

Eysenck believed that differences in IQs can be explained on the basis of differences in

Jonathan hosts parties for his friends on a regular basis.Eysenck would place this ongoing pattern of behavior at the _____ level of his hierarchy of personality.

Which of the following is true regarding Eysenck's research and the categorization of psychopathology?

What is the conclusion of studies on discovery learning that takes the personalities of students into consideration?

Trait theories differ from type theories because trait theories involve

Cross-cultural studies of Eysenck's genetic determinants of the three major superfactors suggests that

Eysenck believed that it would be possible in the future to assess a person's intelligence by using an electroencephalogram to determine the complexity of his or her evoked potentials.What would be the advantages of using such a measure instead of a standard IQ test? What would be the drawbacks?

Which of the following is not being mapped in the brain with recently developed technology,such as PET and MRI?

The higher an individual rates in psychoticism,the less likely he or she is to express religious views or attend religious services.Why is the most likely for this?

Identify the hypothesized causal agents of extraversion-introversion,emotional stability-neuroticism,and psychoticism in Eysenck's theory.Indicate how his work relates to current research on the brain.

The AIM-Q is an improvement over Eysenck's Personality Inventory and most other personality inventories because it

Research on PTSD with people in China that were affected by serious,life-threatening natural disasters revealed that higher levels of PTSD were associated with higher levels of

Describe some of the historical predecessors to Eysenck's theory.

Recent research on the brain has identified a ,which is associated with anxiety and neuroticism,and a ___,which is associated with extraversion and positive emotions.

William Sheldon's theory of temperament was based primarily on

Denise is a voluntary participant in a psychological research study.The researcher uses lemons,string,and double-tipped cotton swabs.What variable is the researcher most likely investigating?

Recent research has determined that a variation in the dopamine D2 receptor gene has been linked to _; as a result,we can conclude that a person with this variation _.

Should intelligence be considered an aspect of personality?

Introduction Evaluating Personality Theories

Psychoanalysis Sigmund Freud

Analytical Psychology Carl Jung

Inter-psychic Theories Alfred Adler, Harry Stack Sullivan

Psychoanalytic Social Psychology Karen Horney Erich Fromm

Ego Analytic Psychology Anna Freud Erik Erikson Dan McAdams

Human Relations Object Relations Theory, Relational-Cultural Theory

Experimental Analysis of Behavior John Dollard and Neal Miller B.F.Skinner

Social Learning Theories Albert Bandura, Julian Rotter, Walter Mischel

Traits and Personology Gordon Allport Henry Murray

Factor Analytic, Genetic and Evolutionary Theories Raymond Cattell, The Big Five Personality Traits, Genetic and Evolutionary Developments

Humanism Abraham Maslow, Carl Rogers

Existential Psychoanalysis Rollo May

Personal Constructs George Kelly

Cognitive-Behavioral Theories Albert Ellis, Aaron Beck, Arnold Lazarus

Zen Buddhism

Conclusion personality Theory in Perspective

Filters

Exam 12: Biological Traits Hans Eysenck

Eysenck was critical of early rating forms and inventories used in personality research because

Eysenck's use of factor analysis differed from Cattell's in that Eysenck

Eysenck believed that differences in IQs can be explained on the basis of differences in

Jonathan hosts parties for his friends on a regular basis.Eysenck would place this ongoing pattern of behavior at the _____ level of his hierarchy of personality.

Which of the following is true regarding Eysenck's research and the categorization of psychopathology?

What is the conclusion of studies on discovery learning that takes the personalities of students into consideration?

Trait theories differ from type theories because trait theories involve

Cross-cultural studies of Eysenck's genetic determinants of the three major superfactors suggests that

Eysenck believed that it would be possible in the future to assess a person's intelligence by using an electroencephalogram to determine the complexity of his or her evoked potentials.What would be the advantages of using such a measure instead of a standard IQ test? What would be the drawbacks?

Which of the following is not being mapped in the brain with recently developed technology,such as PET and MRI?

The higher an individual rates in psychoticism,the less likely he or she is to express religious views or attend religious services.Why is the most likely for this?

Identify the hypothesized causal agents of extraversion-introversion,emotional stability-neuroticism,and psychoticism in Eysenck's theory.Indicate how his work relates to current research on the brain.

The AIM-Q is an improvement over Eysenck's Personality Inventory and most other personality inventories because it

Research on PTSD with people in China that were affected by serious,life-threatening natural disasters revealed that higher levels of PTSD were associated with higher levels of

Describe some of the historical predecessors to Eysenck's theory.

Recent research on the brain has identified a __________,which is associated with anxiety and neuroticism,and a _____________,which is associated with extraversion and positive emotions.

William Sheldon's theory of temperament was based primarily on

Denise is a voluntary participant in a psychological research study.The researcher uses lemons,string,and double-tipped cotton swabs.What variable is the researcher most likely investigating?

Recent research has determined that a variation in the dopamine D2 receptor gene has been linked to _______; as a result,we can conclude that a person with this variation _______.

Should intelligence be considered an aspect of personality?

Introduction Evaluating Personality Theories

Psychoanalysis Sigmund Freud

Analytical Psychology Carl Jung

Inter-psychic Theories Alfred Adler, Harry Stack Sullivan

Psychoanalytic Social Psychology Karen Horney Erich Fromm

Ego Analytic Psychology Anna Freud Erik Erikson Dan McAdams

Human Relations Object Relations Theory, Relational-Cultural Theory

Experimental Analysis of Behavior John Dollard and Neal Miller B.F.Skinner

Social Learning Theories Albert Bandura, Julian Rotter, Walter Mischel

Traits and Personology Gordon Allport Henry Murray

Factor Analytic, Genetic and Evolutionary Theories Raymond Cattell, The Big Five Personality Traits, Genetic and Evolutionary Developments

Humanism Abraham Maslow, Carl Rogers

Existential Psychoanalysis Rollo May

Personal Constructs George Kelly

Cognitive-Behavioral Theories Albert Ellis, Aaron Beck, Arnold Lazarus

Zen Buddhism

Conclusion personality Theory in Perspective

Filters

Recent research on the brain has identified a ,which is associated with anxiety and neuroticism,and a ___,which is associated with extraversion and positive emotions.

Recent research has determined that a variation in the dopamine D2 receptor gene has been linked to _; as a result,we can conclude that a person with this variation _.