Question 1

The term self-concept refers to

Accepted Answer

A)  the evaluation of one's own abilities and attitudes through comparison to similar others. 
B)  the general disposition to focus on either the inner feelings or outer image of the self. 
C)  the sum total of a person's beliefs concerning his or her own personal attributes. 
D)  whether a person's self-evaluation is positive or negative. 
A)  the evaluation of one's own abilities and attitudes through comparison to similar others. 
B)  the general disposition to focus on either the inner feelings or outer image of the self. 
C)  the sum total of a person's beliefs concerning his or her own personal attributes. 
D)  whether a person's self-evaluation is positive or negative.

Question 2

Gallup's research revealed that when apes were raised in isolation, they were unable to recognize themselves in the mirror. This research provides support for the

Accepted Answer

A)  concept of the looking-glass self. 
B)  self-perception theory. 
C)  nonsocial origins of the self-concept. 
D)  idea that humans are the only animals capable of self-recognition. 
A)  concept of the looking-glass self. 
B)  self-perception theory. 
C)  nonsocial origins of the self-concept. 
D)  idea that humans are the only animals capable of self-recognition.

Question 3

What is not a potential cost of the pursuit of self-esteem, as identified by Crocker and Park (2004)?

Accepted Answer

A)  An increase in stress-related health problems 
B)  An increase in anxiety 
C)  Unwanted social attention 
D)  Avoidance of activities that risk failure 
A)  An increase in stress-related health problems 
B)  An increase in anxiety 
C)  Unwanted social attention 
D)  Avoidance of activities that risk failure

Question 4

Baumeister (1991) suggests that drug abuse, sexual masochism, spiritual ecstasy, binge eating, and suicide may all be attempts to

Accepted Answer

A)  increase self-awareness. 
B)  reduce self-awareness. 
C)  increase public self-consciousness. 
D)  increase private self-consciousness. 
A)  increase self-awareness. 
B)  reduce self-awareness. 
C)  increase public self-consciousness. 
D)  increase private self-consciousness.

Question 5

The self-concept is made up of cognitive molecules called

Accepted Answer

A)  self-schemas. 
B)  flashbulb memories. 
C)  self-awareness cues. 
D)  autobiographical memories. 
A)  self-schemas. 
B)  flashbulb memories. 
C)  self-awareness cues. 
D)  autobiographical memories.

Question 6

In the extreme, high self-discrepancy levels are associated with

Accepted Answer

A)  contentment. 
B)  resentment. 
C)  depression. 
D)  disappointment. 
A)  contentment. 
B)  resentment. 
C)  depression. 
D)  disappointment.

Question 7

Which statement concerning introspection is true ?

Accepted Answer

A)  People tend to underestimate the duration of their emotional reactions. 
B)  Contrary to popular perceptions, introspection can sometimes impair self-knowledge. 
C)  Introspection is the best way to attain self-knowledge. 
D)  Analyzing the reasons why we like something typically leads to accurate self-insight. 
A)  People tend to underestimate the duration of their emotional reactions. 
B)  Contrary to popular perceptions, introspection can sometimes impair self-knowledge. 
C)  Introspection is the best way to attain self-knowledge. 
D)  Analyzing the reasons why we like something typically leads to accurate self-insight.

Question 8

Erving Goffman (1959) argued that life was much like a theater and that people act out various roles. Goffman's ideas are clearly evident in the social psychological study of

Accepted Answer

A)  self-awareness. 
B)  self-presentation. 
C)  public self-consciousness. 
D)  norm formation. 
A)  self-awareness. 
B)  self-presentation. 
C)  public self-consciousness. 
D)  norm formation.

Question 9

"Turn that frown upside down," Jarvis' mother told him when he looked sad. "If you smile you'll start to cheer up." Is she right?

Accepted Answer

A)  Not likely. Downward social referencing suggests that if Jarvis begins to smile he will start thinking about the thing she should not be happy about. 
B)  Definitely, although it only works with very young children and not adults. 
C)  Probably. The facial feedback hypothesis says that emotions can change based on different facial expressions. 
D)  No. The self-perception theory says that our internal state is unrelated to our outward expressions. 
A)  Not likely. Downward social referencing suggests that if Jarvis begins to smile he will start thinking about the thing she should not be happy about. 
B)  Definitely, although it only works with very young children and not adults. 
C)  Probably. The facial feedback hypothesis says that emotions can change based on different facial expressions. 
D)  No. The self-perception theory says that our internal state is unrelated to our outward expressions.

Question 10

Compared to high self-monitors, low self-monitors are more likely to

Accepted Answer

A)  gather information about others. 
B)  maintain consistency in behavior. 
C)  know the rules of appropriate action. 
D)  adjust their behavior to fit the situation. 
A)  gather information about others. 
B)  maintain consistency in behavior. 
C)  know the rules of appropriate action. 
D)  adjust their behavior to fit the situation.

Question 11

American and Japanese citizens who are bilingual in Japanese and English are asked to describe themselves. Which of the following groups is least likely to focus on group affiliations?

Accepted Answer

A)  U.S. citizens asked to respond in English 
B)  Japanese citizens asked to respond in English 
C)  U.S. citizens, regardless of language 
D)  Japanese citizens, regardless of language 
A)  U.S. citizens asked to respond in English 
B)  Japanese citizens asked to respond in English 
C)  U.S. citizens, regardless of language 
D)  Japanese citizens, regardless of language

Question 12

According to _____ theory, humans cope with the fear of their own death by constructing worldviews that help to preserve their self-esteem.

Accepted Answer

A)  self-awareness 
B)  terror management 
C)  self-perception 
D)  affective forecasting 
A)  self-awareness 
B)  terror management 
C)  self-perception 
D)  affective forecasting

Question 13

According to terror management theory, people react to the thought of their own death with

Accepted Answer

A)  a stable disposition. 
B)  high self-esteem and positiveness. 
C)  acceptance and coping. 
D)  intense defensiveness and anxiety. 
A)  a stable disposition. 
B)  high self-esteem and positiveness. 
C)  acceptance and coping. 
D)  intense defensiveness and anxiety.

Question 14

Yulia stands in front of a mirror. She notices a red spot on the forehead of the image she sees in the mirror. She then brings her hand up to her own forehead and touches the red spot, trying to brush it off. Yulia is demonstrating

Accepted Answer

A)  self-verification. 
B)  the looking-glass self. 
C)  self-recognition. 
D)  self-monitoring. 
A)  self-verification. 
B)  the looking-glass self. 
C)  self-recognition. 
D)  self-monitoring.

Question 15

SOKA stands for

Accepted Answer

A)  Self-Observation Karma Abates. 
B)  Self-Other Knowledge Asymmetry. 
C)  Send Our Kids Away. 
D)  Self-Operational Knowledge Accuracy. 
A)  Self-Observation Karma Abates. 
B)  Self-Other Knowledge Asymmetry. 
C)  Send Our Kids Away. 
D)  Self-Operational Knowledge Accuracy.

Question 16

Herman remembers exactly what he was doing and where he was when he first heard about the September 11th terrorist attacks. Brown and Kulik (1977) would refer to this vivid image as

Accepted Answer

A)  the hindsight bias. 
B)  a memory heuristic. 
C)  memory inflation. 
D)  a flashbulb memory. 
A)  the hindsight bias. 
B)  a memory heuristic. 
C)  memory inflation. 
D)  a flashbulb memory.

Question 17

Rebecca fills out a survey in which she asserts complete agreement with the statement, "I enjoy being unique and different from others." In the context of cultural orientation, she is most likely to identify with

Accepted Answer

A)  individualism. 
B)  collectivism. 
C)  multiculturalism. 
D)  cooperativism. 
A)  individualism. 
B)  collectivism. 
C)  multiculturalism. 
D)  cooperativism.

Question 18

Which of the following is a reason for the impact bias?

Accepted Answer

A)  People focus on all the life experiences rather than on the single event in question. 
B)  People overestimate their resilience. 
C)  People focus on a single event in question without considering other life experiences. 
D)  People think that others will cope better than they will. 
A)  People focus on all the life experiences rather than on the single event in question. 
B)  People overestimate their resilience. 
C)  People focus on a single event in question without considering other life experiences. 
D)  People think that others will cope better than they will.

Question 19

The impact bias in affective forecasting refers to the phenomenon in which

Accepted Answer

A)  people tend to overestimate the strength and duration of their emotional reactions to events. 
B)  people are generally accurate predictors of how they will feel about future events. 
C)  people tend to underestimate how happy they will be several months after winning the lottery. 
D)  voters predicted that they would be much happier one month after an election if the candidate for whom they voted won. 
A)  people tend to overestimate the strength and duration of their emotional reactions to events. 
B)  people are generally accurate predictors of how they will feel about future events. 
C)  people tend to underestimate how happy they will be several months after winning the lottery. 
D)  voters predicted that they would be much happier one month after an election if the candidate for whom they voted won.

Question 20

Which theory argues that people evaluate themselves by comparison with similar others when they are uncertain of their abilities or opinions?

Accepted Answer

A)  Self-discrepancy theory 
B)  Facial feedback theory 
C)  Self-perception theory 
D)  Social comparison theory 
A)  Self-discrepancy theory 
B)  Facial feedback theory 
C)  Self-perception theory 
D)  Social comparison theory

The term self-concept refers to

Gallup's research revealed that when apes were raised in isolation, they were unable to recognize themselves in the mirror. This research provides support for the

What is not a potential cost of the pursuit of self-esteem, as identified by Crocker and Park (2004)?

Baumeister (1991) suggests that drug abuse, sexual masochism, spiritual ecstasy, binge eating, and suicide may all be attempts to

The self-concept is made up of cognitive molecules called

In the extreme, high self-discrepancy levels are associated with

Which statement concerning introspection is true ?

Erving Goffman (1959) argued that life was much like a theater and that people act out various roles. Goffman's ideas are clearly evident in the social psychological study of

"Turn that frown upside down," Jarvis' mother told him when he looked sad. "If you smile you'll start to cheer up." Is she right?

Compared to high self-monitors, low self-monitors are more likely to

American and Japanese citizens who are bilingual in Japanese and English are asked to describe themselves. Which of the following groups is least likely to focus on group affiliations?

According to _____ theory, humans cope with the fear of their own death by constructing worldviews that help to preserve their self-esteem.

According to terror management theory, people react to the thought of their own death with

Yulia stands in front of a mirror. She notices a red spot on the forehead of the image she sees in the mirror. She then brings her hand up to her own forehead and touches the red spot, trying to brush it off. Yulia is demonstrating

SOKA stands for

Herman remembers exactly what he was doing and where he was when he first heard about the September 11th terrorist attacks. Brown and Kulik (1977) would refer to this vivid image as

Rebecca fills out a survey in which she asserts complete agreement with the statement, "I enjoy being unique and different from others." In the context of cultural orientation, she is most likely to identify with

Which of the following is a reason for the impact bias?

The impact bias in affective forecasting refers to the phenomenon in which

Which theory argues that people evaluate themselves by comparison with similar others when they are uncertain of their abilities or opinions?

What Is Social Psychology

Doing Social Psychology Research

Perceiving Persons

Stereotypes, Prejudice, and Discrimination

Attitudes

Conformity

Group Processes

Attraction and Close Relationships

Helping Others

Aggression

Law

Business

Health

Filters

Exam 3: The Social Self

The term self-concept refers to

Gallup's research revealed that when apes were raised in isolation, they were unable to recognize themselves in the mirror. This research provides support for the

What is not a potential cost of the pursuit of self-esteem, as identified by Crocker and Park (2004)?

Baumeister (1991) suggests that drug abuse, sexual masochism, spiritual ecstasy, binge eating, and suicide may all be attempts to

The self-concept is made up of cognitive molecules called

In the extreme, high self-discrepancy levels are associated with

Which statement concerning introspection is true ?

Erving Goffman (1959) argued that life was much like a theater and that people act out various roles. Goffman's ideas are clearly evident in the social psychological study of

"Turn that frown upside down," Jarvis' mother told him when he looked sad. "If you smile you'll start to cheer up." Is she right?

Compared to high self-monitors, low self-monitors are more likely to

American and Japanese citizens who are bilingual in Japanese and English are asked to describe themselves. Which of the following groups is least likely to focus on group affiliations?

According to _____ theory, humans cope with the fear of their own death by constructing worldviews that help to preserve their self-esteem.

According to terror management theory, people react to the thought of their own death with

Yulia stands in front of a mirror. She notices a red spot on the forehead of the image she sees in the mirror. She then brings her hand up to her own forehead and touches the red spot, trying to brush it off. Yulia is demonstrating

SOKA stands for

Herman remembers exactly what he was doing and where he was when he first heard about the September 11th terrorist attacks. Brown and Kulik (1977) would refer to this vivid image as

Rebecca fills out a survey in which she asserts complete agreement with the statement, "I enjoy being unique and different from others." In the context of cultural orientation, she is most likely to identify with

Which of the following is a reason for the impact bias?

The impact bias in affective forecasting refers to the phenomenon in which

Which theory argues that people evaluate themselves by comparison with similar others when they are uncertain of their abilities or opinions?

What Is Social Psychology

Doing Social Psychology Research

Perceiving Persons

Stereotypes, Prejudice, and Discrimination

Attitudes

Conformity

Group Processes

Attraction and Close Relationships

Helping Others

Aggression

Law

Business

Health

Filters