Exam 7: Attitudes, Beliefs, and Consistency

According to the principles of ____ people are relatively likely to repeat behaviors that have been rewarded and relatively unlikely to repeat behaviors that have been punished. ​

Early research on classical conditioning was performed with dogs. In certain variations of this research, experimenters repeatedly presented dogs with meat powder just after ringing a bell. The dogs (who would naturally salivate after being exposed to meat powder)learned to associate the bell with the meat powder, and began to salivate as soon as they heard the bell. In the language of classical conditioning, the meat powder in this research served as a(n)________________.

Research by Shelley Taylor and her colleagues on effective coping among cancer patients has suggested that all of the following are important in promoting recovery EXCEPT ____.

Research on post-trauma coping suggests that-contrary to what many people think-blaming oneself for a trauma can, in some cases, help people recover. This seems to be because self-blame causes people to ____. ​

Research has demonstrated that people are more likely to imitate behaviors if they have seen others rewarded for performing those behaviors, and less likely to imitate behaviors if they have seen others punished for performing those behaviors. This type of learning is known as ________________.

Attitudes are easier to change than behavior, and therefore people generally follow the path of ________________ and change their attitudes rather than their behavior.

One's perceptions about whether significant others believe a person should perform a behavior or not refers to one's ____.

When a person intends to perform a behavior, attitude-behavior consistency ____.

Which of the following best describes behavioral aggregation as a solution to the problem of attitude-behavior inconsistency? ​

In 1959, Festinger and Carlsmith conducted a classic experiment in which they asked participants to tell a lie (about how interesting a very boring study was). The researchers paid participants either $1 or $20 to tell this lie. The same participants were then asked how interesting they really thought the study was. What did the researchers find? ​

Paul is trying to train his puppy, Cupcake. He yells "Bad dog!" whenever Cupcake fails to do what he wants. Paul seems to be using ____.

Dual attitudes consist of ____.

Research indicates that students who enter college knowing their likes and dislikes on academically relevant issues tend to experience better physical and mental health in the college setting than do other students. ​

Once beliefs form, they are resistant to change.

In Aldous Huxley's book Brave New World , infants develop a fear of books after books are repeatedly presented with a scary loud noise. In this fictional example, the loud noise is a(n)____.

With ____, people rationalize their behavior so as to bring their attitudes into line with their actions.

Research indicates that people will sometimes choose to suffer as a result of simply expecting to suffer-but only if ____. ​

In a highly complex human life, people need to have a ____ of attitudes.

According to________________, if you go through a severe hazing process, you will be more loyal to the group you are joining. ​

Social psychologists use the term ____ to refer to the fact that research reveals only a weak relationship between people's stated attitudes and actual behaviors.