Exam 2: The Research Enterprise in Psychology

A researcher who has found that caffeine consumption has a greater effect on behavior in hot weather than in cold weather has detected a(n)  _____ effect.

Dr. Prutherow believes that people who are under stress will develop more colds than people who are not under stress. When he randomly selects ten participants and exposes them to high levels of stress, he finds that nine of the participants develop colds. Based on these results, he concludes that stress causes an increase in colds. Dr. Prutherow's reasoning may be flawed because

The subjects who participate in an experiment should

You are sitting on a park bench in a major metropolitan area from 7 a.m. to 7 p.m. and you note the number of people who walk by, whether or not they litter, and their gender. You are engaging in ​

Operational definitions are MOST closely associated with which of the following major advantages of the scientific approach?

Which of the following statements is MOST accurate? ​

Any measurable conditions, events, characteristics, or behaviors that are controlled or observed in a study are called ​

Research involving the repetition of a study to see whether the earlier results can be duplicated is referred to as _____ studies.

If A and B are highly correlated, which statement MOST accurately describes the relationship between A and B?

A group of researchers wanted to determine whether children would behave more aggressively after watching violent television programming. Half the children in the study watched a violent television show; the other children watched a nonviolent program. In this study, the control group is the children who

Researchers use _____ to specifically describe how a variable will be measured.

The tendency for participants to participate in survey research appears to have ​

Jill is part of a group participating in a double-blind research study run by Dr. Craig, who is assisted in his research by Clark. In this case, _____ know(s) who is in the experimental and control groups.

A sample is representative if ​

A(n) _____ is a research method in which the researcher manipulates a variable under carefully controlled conditions and measures whether any changes occur in a second variable.

Trevor plans to study the relationship between people's responses to highly stressful situations and their overall health. He decides he must use correlational research, rather than experimental research, to investigate this problem. Trevor will MOST likely choose a correlational method because correlational studies

The group of subjects selected for observation in an empirical study is known as the _____. ​

The tendency for survey subjects to provide answers that place them in a favorable light is referred to as ​

Melvin and Leigh are interviewing students at their campus to determine if the students agree or disagree with a proposed policy change. Melvin believes the proposed policy change is a good idea, but Leigh believes the change will be bad for students. Nearly all the students who Melvin interviewed supported the policy change, but nearly all the students who Leigh interviewed disapproved of the change. The differences in the results illustrate the potential impact of ​

A high correlation coefficient (either positive or negative) indicates that ​