Question 1

In descriptive\correlational research, the investigator ​

Accepted Answer

A) systematically observes two variables to see whether there is an association between them. 
B) manipulates a variable under carefully controlled conditions and observes whether there are changes in a second variable as a result. ​ 
C) exposes subjects to two closely related treatment conditions. ​ 
D) simultaneously manipulates two or more independent variables. ​ 
A) systematically observes two variables to see whether there is an association between them. 
B) manipulates a variable under carefully controlled conditions and observes whether there are changes in a second variable as a result. ​ 
C) exposes subjects to two closely related treatment conditions. ​ 
D) simultaneously manipulates two or more independent variables. ​

Question 2

A researcher is studying the effects of room temperature on ability to quickly solve math problems.  She first has participants solve ten math problems in a room with the temperature set at 70 degrees Fahrenheit. Then she has the same participants solve ten new math problems with the room temperature set at 90 degrees. In this case, the group of participants is serving as its own _____ group.

Accepted Answer

A) experimental 
B) control 
C) extraneous 
D) operational 
A) experimental 
B) control 
C) extraneous 
D) operational

Question 3

Answering the question of "how" some phenomenon can be studied is MOST closely associated with which of the following goals of science?

Accepted Answer

A) The search for truth 
B) Application and control 
C) Measurement and description 
D) Understanding and prediction 
A) The search for truth 
B) Application and control 
C) Measurement and description 
D) Understanding and prediction

Question 4

As interest rates increase, house sales decline, indicating ​

Accepted Answer

A) a direct correlation between the two variables. 
B) a negative correlation between the two variables. ​ 
C) a positive correlation between the two variables. ​ 
D) no correlation between the two variables. ​ 
A) a direct correlation between the two variables. 
B) a negative correlation between the two variables. ​ 
C) a positive correlation between the two variables. ​ 
D) no correlation between the two variables. ​

Question 5

A researcher tries to make sure that subjects in the experimental and control groups are very similar to each other in order to reduce the effects of _____ variables.

Accepted Answer

A) extraneous 
B) random 
C) dependent 
D) independent 
A) extraneous 
B) random 
C) dependent 
D) independent

Question 6

Which of the following is NOT listed in the textbook as a descriptive research method?

Accepted Answer

A) C riterion-based induction 
B) Case studies 
C) Surveys 
D) Naturalistic observation 
A) C riterion-based induction 
B) Case studies 
C) Surveys 
D) Naturalistic observation

Question 7

An experimenter tests the hypothesis that physical exercise improves mood. Subjects in the experimental group participate on Monday and Tuesday and those in the control group on Wednesday and Thursday. Which of the following is the independent variable?

Accepted Answer

A) H ypothesis 
B) Day of the week 
C) Exercise 
D) Mood (degree of happiness) 
A) H ypothesis 
B) Day of the week 
C) Exercise 
D) Mood (degree of happiness)

Question 8

According to the ethical guidelines for conducting psychological research with animals, exposing animals to harmful or painful procedures ​

Accepted Answer

A) is justified if the research design requires the harmful or painful procedures. 
B) is justified for lower animals but not for primates. ​ 
C) cannot be justified unless the potential benefits of the research are substantial. ​ 
D) is never justified. ​ 
A) is justified if the research design requires the harmful or painful procedures. 
B) is justified for lower animals but not for primates. ​ 
C) cannot be justified unless the potential benefits of the research are substantial. ​ 
D) is never justified. ​

Question 9

A dependent variable in an experiment refers to the variable ​

Accepted Answer

A) held constant across the experimental conditions. 
B) deliberately manipulated by the experimenter. ​ 
C) thought to be affected by manipulation of another variable. ​ 
D) that the experimenter is depending on to cause something to happen in the experiment. ​ 
A) held constant across the experimental conditions. 
B) deliberately manipulated by the experimenter. ​ 
C) thought to be affected by manipulation of another variable. ​ 
D) that the experimenter is depending on to cause something to happen in the experiment. ​

Question 10

What are the relative weaknesses and strengths of descriptive\correlational research compared to experimental research? Under what conditions would a psychologist choose one method as opposed to the other? ​

Accepted Answer

Experimental research is the more powerf

Question 11

A correlation between two variables exists when scores on one variable ​

Accepted Answer

A) are different from the scores on the second variable. 
B) cause or determine the scores on the second variable. ​ 
C) are related to scores on the second variable. ​ 
D) are unrelated to scores on the second variable. ​ 
A) are different from the scores on the second variable. 
B) cause or determine the scores on the second variable. ​ 
C) are related to scores on the second variable. ​ 
D) are unrelated to scores on the second variable. ​

Question 12

How do you feel about the use of animals as research subjects in psychological studies? Support your position with evidence.

Accepted Answer

Pro: Relatively few psychological studie

Question 13

Imagine that a group of researchers conducted a single-blind study designed to test the effectiveness of subliminal-message weight-loss tapes. Suppose the researchers found that everyone lost weight during the study, even those who were given tapes without any subliminal messages. This type of result would ​

Accepted Answer

A) indicate that the independent and dependent variables are negatively correlated. 
B) provide evidence that subliminal tapes are effective in promoting weight loss. ​ 
C) be evidence of a placebo effect. ​ 
D) be evidence that the study contained confounding variables. ​ 
A) indicate that the independent and dependent variables are negatively correlated. 
B) provide evidence that subliminal tapes are effective in promoting weight loss. ​ 
C) be evidence of a placebo effect. ​ 
D) be evidence that the study contained confounding variables. ​

Question 14

Completing an in-depth study of a member of a cult would be one example of _____ research. ​

Accepted Answer

The answer of Completing an in-depth study of a member...

Question 15

Which of the following pairs of terms related to the goals of science is MOST clearly associated with the concept of correlation?

Accepted Answer

A) Understanding and prediction 
B) Description and understanding 
C) Description and prediction 
D) Prediction and application 
A) Understanding and prediction 
B) Description and understanding 
C) Description and prediction 
D) Prediction and application

Question 16

When individuals in a research study experience some change, even though they received an ineffectual treatment, they are displaying _____ effects.

Accepted Answer

The answer of When individuals in a research study experience...

Question 17

Dr. Marqueta believes that "misery loves company." Based on this belief, Dr. Marqueta predicts that people who have received bad news will seek out other people. Dr. Marqueta's belief is an example of a _____, and her prediction is an example of a(n) _____.

Accepted Answer

A) hypothesis; theory 
B) theory; hypothesis 
C) variable; application 
D) hypothesis; variable 
A) hypothesis; theory 
B) theory; hypothesis 
C) variable; application 
D) hypothesis; variable

Question 18

Dr. Barton has found that students who score higher than 85% on the first midterm tend to earn scores of 75% or better on the final exam, while students who score less than 60% on the first midterm often end up with a failing grade on the final exam. This suggests that

Accepted Answer

A) the scores on the first midterm and the final exam are positively correlated. 
B) the scores on the first midterm and the final exam are negatively correlated. 
C) students who do poorly on the first midterm give up and study less for the final exam. 
D) Dr. Barton should change the final exam so it is fairer to students who are not doing well in the course. 
A) the scores on the first midterm and the final exam are positively correlated. 
B) the scores on the first midterm and the final exam are negatively correlated. 
C) students who do poorly on the first midterm give up and study less for the final exam. 
D) Dr. Barton should change the final exam so it is fairer to students who are not doing well in the course.

Question 19

Which of the following is NOT true regarding common sense analyses of behavior?

Accepted Answer

A) They tend to be vague and ambiguous. 
B) They often tolerate contradictory generalizations . 
C) They usually involve little effort to verify ideas or detect errors . 
D) They are typically based on precise definitions and hypotheses . 
A) They tend to be vague and ambiguous. 
B) They often tolerate contradictory generalizations . 
C) They usually involve little effort to verify ideas or detect errors . 
D) They are typically based on precise definitions and hypotheses .

Question 20

The different general strategies for conducting scientific investigations are referred to as

Accepted Answer

A) data collection techniques. 
B) operational definitions. 
C) research methods. 
D) hypotheses. 
A) data collection techniques. 
B) operational definitions. 
C) research methods. 
D) hypotheses.

In descriptive\correlational research, the investigator

Answering the question of "how" some phenomenon can be studied is MOST closely associated with which of the following goals of science?

As interest rates increase, house sales decline, indicating

A researcher tries to make sure that subjects in the experimental and control groups are very similar to each other in order to reduce the effects of _____ variables.

Which of the following is NOT listed in the textbook as a descriptive research method?

An experimenter tests the hypothesis that physical exercise improves mood. Subjects in the experimental group participate on Monday and Tuesday and those in the control group on Wednesday and Thursday. Which of the following is the independent variable?

According to the ethical guidelines for conducting psychological research with animals, exposing animals to harmful or painful procedures

A dependent variable in an experiment refers to the variable

What are the relative weaknesses and strengths of descriptive\correlational research compared to experimental research? Under what conditions would a psychologist choose one method as opposed to the other?

A correlation between two variables exists when scores on one variable

How do you feel about the use of animals as research subjects in psychological studies? Support your position with evidence.

Completing an in-depth study of a member of a cult would be one example of _____ research.

Which of the following pairs of terms related to the goals of science is MOST clearly associated with the concept of correlation?

When individuals in a research study experience some change, even though they received an ineffectual treatment, they are displaying _____ effects.

Dr. Marqueta believes that "misery loves company." Based on this belief, Dr. Marqueta predicts that people who have received bad news will seek out other people. Dr. Marqueta's belief is an example of a _, and her prediction is an example of a(n) _.

Dr. Barton has found that students who score higher than 85% on the first midterm tend to earn scores of 75% or better on the final exam, while students who score less than 60% on the first midterm often end up with a failing grade on the final exam. This suggests that

Which of the following is NOT true regarding common sense analyses of behavior?

The different general strategies for conducting scientific investigations are referred to as

The Evolution of Psychology

The Biological Bases of Behavior

Sensation and Perception

Variations in Consciousness

Learning

Human Memory

Cognition and Intelligence

Motivation and Emotion

Human Development Across the Life Span

Personality

Social Behavior

Stress, Coping, and Health

Psychological Disorders

Treatment of Psychological Disorders

Filters

Exam 2: The Research Enterprise in Psychology

In descriptive\correlational research, the investigator ​

Answering the question of "how" some phenomenon can be studied is MOST closely associated with which of the following goals of science?

As interest rates increase, house sales decline, indicating ​

A researcher tries to make sure that subjects in the experimental and control groups are very similar to each other in order to reduce the effects of _____ variables.

Which of the following is NOT listed in the textbook as a descriptive research method?

An experimenter tests the hypothesis that physical exercise improves mood. Subjects in the experimental group participate on Monday and Tuesday and those in the control group on Wednesday and Thursday. Which of the following is the independent variable?

According to the ethical guidelines for conducting psychological research with animals, exposing animals to harmful or painful procedures ​

A dependent variable in an experiment refers to the variable ​

What are the relative weaknesses and strengths of descriptive\correlational research compared to experimental research? Under what conditions would a psychologist choose one method as opposed to the other? ​

A correlation between two variables exists when scores on one variable ​

How do you feel about the use of animals as research subjects in psychological studies? Support your position with evidence.

Completing an in-depth study of a member of a cult would be one example of _____ research. ​

Which of the following pairs of terms related to the goals of science is MOST clearly associated with the concept of correlation?

When individuals in a research study experience some change, even though they received an ineffectual treatment, they are displaying _____ effects.

Dr. Marqueta believes that "misery loves company." Based on this belief, Dr. Marqueta predicts that people who have received bad news will seek out other people. Dr. Marqueta's belief is an example of a _____, and her prediction is an example of a(n) _____.

Dr. Barton has found that students who score higher than 85% on the first midterm tend to earn scores of 75% or better on the final exam, while students who score less than 60% on the first midterm often end up with a failing grade on the final exam. This suggests that

Which of the following is NOT true regarding common sense analyses of behavior?

The different general strategies for conducting scientific investigations are referred to as

The Evolution of Psychology

The Biological Bases of Behavior

Sensation and Perception

Variations in Consciousness

Learning

Human Memory

Cognition and Intelligence

Motivation and Emotion

Human Development Across the Life Span

Personality

Social Behavior

Stress, Coping, and Health

Psychological Disorders

Treatment of Psychological Disorders

Filters

In descriptive\correlational research, the investigator

As interest rates increase, house sales decline, indicating

According to the ethical guidelines for conducting psychological research with animals, exposing animals to harmful or painful procedures

A dependent variable in an experiment refers to the variable

What are the relative weaknesses and strengths of descriptive\correlational research compared to experimental research? Under what conditions would a psychologist choose one method as opposed to the other?

A correlation between two variables exists when scores on one variable

Completing an in-depth study of a member of a cult would be one example of _____ research.

Dr. Marqueta believes that "misery loves company." Based on this belief, Dr. Marqueta predicts that people who have received bad news will seek out other people. Dr. Marqueta's belief is an example of a _, and her prediction is an example of a(n) _.