Question 1

Which term refers to the processes by which cells with identical genotypes become structurally and functionally distinct from one another?

Accepted Answer

A)  metamorphosis 
B)  metastasis 
C)  cleavage 
D)  differentiation 
E)  induction 
A)  metamorphosis 
B)  metastasis 
C)  cleavage 
D)  differentiation 
E)  induction

Question 2

Cancer cells are able to stimulate the growth of blood vessels by secreting

Accepted Answer

A)  interleukin-2. 
B)  p53. 
C)  angiogenin. 
D)  aflatoxin. 
E)  monoclonal antibodies. 
A)  interleukin-2. 
B)  p53. 
C)  angiogenin. 
D)  aflatoxin. 
E)  monoclonal antibodies.

Question 3

Match between columns
                        Premises: This cancer begins in the body or ducts of a gland.
This is a cancer of the blood-forming regions of the bone marrow.
This is a cancer of the lymphoid tissues.
This is a cancer of epithelium, including cells of the skin and internal linings.
This is a cancer of connective tissue such as bone.

Accepted Answer

The Answer of carcinoma and lymphoma and sarcoma and adenocarcinoma is...

Question 4

Medical imaging may be used to

Accepted Answer

A)  identify cancer cells in very early stages. 
B)  prevent cancer. 
C)  circumvent biopsy. 
D)  reveal the site and size of tumors. 
E)  find tumor markers. 
A)  identify cancer cells in very early stages. 
B)  prevent cancer. 
C)  circumvent biopsy. 
D)  reveal the site and size of tumors. 
E)  find tumor markers.

Question 5

Which of the following cancers is the most common in men?

Accepted Answer

A)  colon 
B)  prostate 
C)  lung 
D)  skin 
E)  blood 
A)  colon 
B)  prostate 
C)  lung 
D)  skin 
E)  blood

Question 6

Pesticide residues are commonly found in

Accepted Answer

A)  tomatoes. 
B)  grapes. 
C)  apples. 
D)  beef. 
E)  all of these. 
A)  tomatoes. 
B)  grapes. 
C)  apples. 
D)  beef. 
E)  all of these.

Question 7

Half of all cancers are caused by

Accepted Answer

A)  viruses. 
B)  bacteria. 
C)  immune suppressing drugs. 
D)  environmental factors. 
E)  medications. 
A)  viruses. 
B)  bacteria. 
C)  immune suppressing drugs. 
D)  environmental factors. 
E)  medications.

Question 8

Selecting the Exception Four of the five answers listed below are methods of cancer treatment. Select the exception.

Accepted Answer

A)  chemotherapy 
B)  surgery 
C)  lymphokine-activated killer cells 
D)  adjuvant therapy 
E)  magnetic resonance imaging 
A)  chemotherapy 
B)  surgery 
C)  lymphokine-activated killer cells 
D)  adjuvant therapy 
E)  magnetic resonance imaging

Question 9

For most people, the greatest radiation risk leading to cancer is

Accepted Answer

A)  medical and dental X rays. 
B)  cosmic rays. 
C)  radon gas. 
D)  sun exposure. 
E)  nuclear reactors and radioactive wastes. 
A)  medical and dental X rays. 
B)  cosmic rays. 
C)  radon gas. 
D)  sun exposure. 
E)  nuclear reactors and radioactive wastes.

Question 10

Cancers of blood-forming regions are called

Accepted Answer

A)  sarcomas. 
B)  leukemias. 
C)  carcinomas. 
D)  lymphomas. 
E)  adenocarcinomas. 
A)  sarcomas. 
B)  leukemias. 
C)  carcinomas. 
D)  lymphomas. 
E)  adenocarcinomas.

Question 11

Lung cancer has been linked to

Accepted Answer

A)  asbestos. 
B)  ether. 
C)  chromium. 
D)  nickel. 
E)  all of these. 
A)  asbestos. 
B)  ether. 
C)  chromium. 
D)  nickel. 
E)  all of these.

Question 12

A smart way to help your body to avoid cancer is

Accepted Answer

A)  avoid smoking. 
B)  maintain a desirable weight. 
C)  drink alcohol in moderation. 
D)  avoid industrial agents that are carcinogenic. 
E)  all of these. 
A)  avoid smoking. 
B)  maintain a desirable weight. 
C)  drink alcohol in moderation. 
D)  avoid industrial agents that are carcinogenic. 
E)  all of these.

Question 13

How many people in the United States are struck by cancer?

Accepted Answer

A)  five in ten 
B)  one in three 
C)  seven in ten 
D)  two in five 
E)  three in eight 
A)  five in ten 
B)  one in three 
C)  seven in ten 
D)  two in five 
E)  three in eight

Question 14

The most commonly used tool to confirm a diagnosis of cancer is

Accepted Answer

A)  the monoclonal antibody. 
B)  medical imaging. 
C)  screening. 
D)  biopsy. 
E)  computerized tomography. 
A)  the monoclonal antibody. 
B)  medical imaging. 
C)  screening. 
D)  biopsy. 
E)  computerized tomography.

Question 15

The p53 gene

Accepted Answer

A)  is a tumor suppressor gene. 
B)  turns on proto-oncogenes. 
C)  signals cells to stop division at the appropriate time. 
D)  can mutate by a base substitution. 
E)  all of these 
A)  is a tumor suppressor gene. 
B)  turns on proto-oncogenes. 
C)  signals cells to stop division at the appropriate time. 
D)  can mutate by a base substitution. 
E)  all of these

Question 16

The usual, naturally-occurring mechanism that prevents development of cancer is the action of

Accepted Answer

A)  cytotoxic T cells. 
B)  oncogenes. 
C)  radiation. 
D)  chemotherapy. 
E)  carcinogens. 
A)  cytotoxic T cells. 
B)  oncogenes. 
C)  radiation. 
D)  chemotherapy. 
E)  carcinogens.

Question 17

Selecting the Exception Four of the five answers listed below are forms of immune therapy for cancer. Select the exception.

Accepted Answer

A)  interferon 
B)  fluorouracil 
C)  monoclonal antibodies 
D)  cytotoxic T cells 
E)  vaccines 
A)  interferon 
B)  fluorouracil 
C)  monoclonal antibodies 
D)  cytotoxic T cells 
E)  vaccines

Question 18

An abnormal change in the size, shape, and organization of cells is called

Accepted Answer

A)  dysplasia. 
B)  hyperplasia. 
C)  dystrophy. 
D)  hypertrophy. 
E)  neoplasia. 
A)  dysplasia. 
B)  hyperplasia. 
C)  dystrophy. 
D)  hypertrophy. 
E)  neoplasia.

Question 19

By analogy, a tumor suppressor gene would correspond to what part of an automobile?

Accepted Answer

A)  accelerator 
B)  engine 
C)  windshield 
D)  fuel tank 
E)  brake 
A)  accelerator 
B)  engine 
C)  windshield 
D)  fuel tank 
E)  brake

Question 20

Monoclonal antibodies are useful in detecting cancer because they home in on

Accepted Answer

A)  tumor antigens. 
B)  hormones released by the tumors. 
C)  interleukins. 
D)  oncogenes. 
E)  carcinogens. 
A)  tumor antigens. 
B)  hormones released by the tumors. 
C)  interleukins. 
D)  oncogenes. 
E)  carcinogens.

Exam 22: Genes and Disease: Cancer

Which term refers to the processes by which cells with identical genotypes become structurally and functionally distinct from one another?

Cancer cells are able to stimulate the growth of blood vessels by secreting

Medical imaging may be used to

Which of the following cancers is the most common in men?

Pesticide residues are commonly found in

Half of all cancers are caused by

Selecting the Exception Four of the five answers listed below are methods of cancer treatment. Select the exception.

For most people, the greatest radiation risk leading to cancer is

Cancers of blood-forming regions are called

Lung cancer has been linked to

A smart way to help your body to avoid cancer is

How many people in the United States are struck by cancer?

The most commonly used tool to confirm a diagnosis of cancer is

The p53 gene

The usual, naturally-occurring mechanism that prevents development of cancer is the action of

Selecting the Exception Four of the five answers listed below are forms of immune therapy for cancer. Select the exception.

An abnormal change in the size, shape, and organization of cells is called

By analogy, a tumor suppressor gene would correspond to what part of an automobile?

Monoclonal antibodies are useful in detecting cancer because they home in on

Learning About Human Biology

Chemistry of Life

Cells and How They Work

Tissues, Organs, and Organ Systems

The Skeletal System

The Muscular System

Circulation: the Heart and Blood Vessels

Blood

Immunity and Disease

The Respiratory System

Digestion and Nutrition

The Urinary System

The Nervous System

Sensory Systems

The Endocrine System

Reproductive Systems

Development and Aging

Cell Reproduction

Introduction to Genetics

Chromosomes and Human Genetics

DNA, Genes, and Biotechnology

Principles of Evolution

Principles of Ecology

Human Impacts on the Biosphere

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