Question 1

Which of the following is a goal of chemotherapy?

Accepted Answer

A)  disruption of the normal cell cycle 
B)  alteration of the plasma membrane 
C)  increasing the secretion of interleukins 
D)  stimulating production of cytotoxic T cells 
E)  turning on tumor suppressor genes 
A)  disruption of the normal cell cycle 
B)  alteration of the plasma membrane 
C)  increasing the secretion of interleukins 
D)  stimulating production of cytotoxic T cells 
E)  turning on tumor suppressor genes

Question 2

Which of the following is a chemical carcinogen?

Accepted Answer

A)  asbestos 
B)  vinyl chloride 
C)  benzene 
D)  hydrocarbons 
E)  all of these 
A)  asbestos 
B)  vinyl chloride 
C)  benzene 
D)  hydrocarbons 
E)  all of these

Question 3

The Ames test to determine the ability of chemicals to cause mutations uses which bacteria?

Accepted Answer

A)  Salmonella 
B)  Shigella 
C)  Staphylococcus 
D)  Streptococcus 
E)  Escherichia 
A)  Salmonella 
B)  Shigella 
C)  Staphylococcus 
D)  Streptococcus 
E)  Escherichia

Question 4

The spread of a cancer from one site to others in the body is known as

Accepted Answer

A)  benign tumor. 
B)  metastasis. 
C)  malignant tumor. 
D)  remission. 
E)  benign tumor and malignant tumor. 
A)  benign tumor. 
B)  metastasis. 
C)  malignant tumor. 
D)  remission. 
E)  benign tumor and malignant tumor.

Question 5

Which hormone is produced by some kinds of cancer cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  somatotropin (hGH) 
B)  follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) 
C)  luteinizing hormone (LH) 
D)  human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) 
E)  thyroxine 
A)  somatotropin (hGH) 
B)  follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) 
C)  luteinizing hormone (LH) 
D)  human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) 
E)  thyroxine

Question 6

Viruses can cause cancer in a host cell by

Accepted Answer

A)  disrupting the plasma membrane. 
B)  altering the DNA. 
C)  slowing its metabolism. 
D)  destroying the nucleus. 
E)  removing gene sequences. 
A)  disrupting the plasma membrane. 
B)  altering the DNA. 
C)  slowing its metabolism. 
D)  destroying the nucleus. 
E)  removing gene sequences.

Question 7

What may be used to deliver lethal doses of anticancer drugs to tumor cells while sparing healthy cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  monoclonal antibodies 
B)  killer T cells 
C)  helper T cells 
D)  viruses 
E)  monocytes 
A)  monoclonal antibodies 
B)  killer T cells 
C)  helper T cells 
D)  viruses 
E)  monocytes

Question 8

Which of the following cancers is the most common in women?

Accepted Answer

A)  colon 
B)  breast 
C)  lung 
D)  skin 
E)  blood 
A)  colon 
B)  breast 
C)  lung 
D)  skin 
E)  blood

Question 9

Which of the following would NOT be characteristic of a cancer cell?

Accepted Answer

A)  abnormally small nucleus 
B)  abnormal cytoskeleton 
C)  less cytoplasm than usual 
D)  altered plasma membrane 
E)  lack of strong cell-to-cell junctions 
A)  abnormally small nucleus 
B)  abnormal cytoskeleton 
C)  less cytoplasm than usual 
D)  altered plasma membrane 
E)  lack of strong cell-to-cell junctions

Question 10

Which factor suppresses the immune system for an extended period of time?

Accepted Answer

A)  depression 
B)  anxiety 
C)  some therapeutic drugs 
D)  infection with HIV 
E)  all of these 
A)  depression 
B)  anxiety 
C)  some therapeutic drugs 
D)  infection with HIV 
E)  all of these

Question 11

A therapy that combines surgery with less toxic doses of chemotherapy is

Accepted Answer

A)  modified chemotherapy. 
B)  adjuvant therapy. 
C)  immunotherapy. 
D)  radiation. 
E)  chelation. 
A)  modified chemotherapy. 
B)  adjuvant therapy. 
C)  immunotherapy. 
D)  radiation. 
E)  chelation.

Question 12

When a normal cell is transformed into a cancerous cell,

Accepted Answer

A)  the cytoskeleton shrinks. 
B)  the cytoskeleton becomes disorganized. 
C)  plasma proteins are altered or lost. 
D)  new plasma proteins are created. 
E)  all of these 
A)  the cytoskeleton shrinks. 
B)  the cytoskeleton becomes disorganized. 
C)  plasma proteins are altered or lost. 
D)  new plasma proteins are created. 
E)  all of these

Question 13

Cancers of connective tissues such as bone are called

Accepted Answer

A)  sarcomas. 
B)  leukemias. 
C)  carcinomas. 
D)  lymphomas. 
E)  adenocarcinomas. 
A)  sarcomas. 
B)  leukemias. 
C)  carcinomas. 
D)  lymphomas. 
E)  adenocarcinomas.

Question 14

Selecting the Exception Four of the five answers listed below are carcinogens. Select the exception.

Accepted Answer

A)  egg white 
B)  asbestos 
C)  radiation with x-ray 
D)  components in cigarette smoke 
E)  ultraviolet radiation 
A)  egg white 
B)  asbestos 
C)  radiation with x-ray 
D)  components in cigarette smoke 
E)  ultraviolet radiation

Question 15

Cancers of nerve tissues in the brain are called

Accepted Answer

A)  sarcomas. 
B)  leukemias. 
C)  gliomas. 
D)  lymphomas. 
E)  adenocarcinomas. 
A)  sarcomas. 
B)  leukemias. 
C)  gliomas. 
D)  lymphomas. 
E)  adenocarcinomas.

Question 16

Cancerous growths appear to grow faster than the tissues around them because

Accepted Answer

A)  their mitosis rates are higher. 
B)  they do not stop dividing even when crowding occurs. 
C)  the cancer cells inhibit the reproduction of the surrounding normal cells. 
D)  their mitosis rates are higher, and they do not stop dividing even when crowding occurs. 
E)  their mitosis rates are higher, they do not stop dividing even when crowding occurs, and the cancer cells inhibit the reproduction of the surrounding normal cells. 
A)  their mitosis rates are higher. 
B)  they do not stop dividing even when crowding occurs. 
C)  the cancer cells inhibit the reproduction of the surrounding normal cells. 
D)  their mitosis rates are higher, and they do not stop dividing even when crowding occurs. 
E)  their mitosis rates are higher, they do not stop dividing even when crowding occurs, and the cancer cells inhibit the reproduction of the surrounding normal cells.

Question 17

Although useful so far only against some rare forms of cancer, interferons activate

Accepted Answer

A)  B-lymphocytes. 
B)  dendritic cells and B-lymphocytes. 
C)  natural killer cells and cytotoxic T cells. 
D)  helper-T lymphocytes and dendritic cells. 
E)  fibroblasts and B-lymphocytes. 
A)  B-lymphocytes. 
B)  dendritic cells and B-lymphocytes. 
C)  natural killer cells and cytotoxic T cells. 
D)  helper-T lymphocytes and dendritic cells. 
E)  fibroblasts and B-lymphocytes.

Question 18

Leukemias have been linked to exposure to

Accepted Answer

A)  hydrocarbons. 
B)  vinyl chloride. 
C)  benzene. 
D)  arsenic. 
E)  asbestos. 
A)  hydrocarbons. 
B)  vinyl chloride. 
C)  benzene. 
D)  arsenic. 
E)  asbestos.

Question 19

BRCA1 and BRCA2 are classified as which type of genes?

Accepted Answer

A)  oncogenes 
B)  tumor suppressor genes 
C)  proto-oncogenes 
D)  restriction genes 
E)  cell metabolism control genes 
A)  oncogenes 
B)  tumor suppressor genes 
C)  proto-oncogenes 
D)  restriction genes 
E)  cell metabolism control genes

Question 20

Proto-oncogenes

Accepted Answer

A)  code for abnormal growth factors. 
B)  are the precursors to malignancy. 
C)  operate in healthy cells. 
D)  cannot be altered once they are inherited. 
E)  code for abnormal growth factors and are the precursors to malignancy. 
A)  code for abnormal growth factors. 
B)  are the precursors to malignancy. 
C)  operate in healthy cells. 
D)  cannot be altered once they are inherited. 
E)  code for abnormal growth factors and are the precursors to malignancy.

Exam 22: Genes and Disease: Cancer

Which of the following is a goal of chemotherapy?

Which of the following is a chemical carcinogen?

The Ames test to determine the ability of chemicals to cause mutations uses which bacteria?

The spread of a cancer from one site to others in the body is known as

Which hormone is produced by some kinds of cancer cells?

Viruses can cause cancer in a host cell by

What may be used to deliver lethal doses of anticancer drugs to tumor cells while sparing healthy cells?

Which of the following cancers is the most common in women?

Which of the following would NOT be characteristic of a cancer cell?

Which factor suppresses the immune system for an extended period of time?

A therapy that combines surgery with less toxic doses of chemotherapy is

When a normal cell is transformed into a cancerous cell,

Cancers of connective tissues such as bone are called

Selecting the Exception Four of the five answers listed below are carcinogens. Select the exception.

Cancers of nerve tissues in the brain are called

Cancerous growths appear to grow faster than the tissues around them because

Although useful so far only against some rare forms of cancer, interferons activate

Leukemias have been linked to exposure to

BRCA1 and BRCA2 are classified as which type of genes?

Proto-oncogenes

Learning About Human Biology

Chemistry of Life

Cells and How They Work

Tissues, Organs, and Organ Systems

The Skeletal System

The Muscular System

Circulation: the Heart and Blood Vessels

Blood

Immunity and Disease

The Respiratory System

Digestion and Nutrition

The Urinary System

The Nervous System

Sensory Systems

The Endocrine System

Reproductive Systems

Development and Aging

Cell Reproduction

Introduction to Genetics

Chromosomes and Human Genetics

DNA, Genes, and Biotechnology

Principles of Evolution

Principles of Ecology

Human Impacts on the Biosphere

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