Question 1

New polypeptide chains for proteins are assembled on

Accepted Answer

A)  Golgi bodies. 
B)  lysosomes. 
C)  ribosomes. 
D)  peroxisomes. 
E)  centrosomes. 
A)  Golgi bodies. 
B)  lysosomes. 
C)  ribosomes. 
D)  peroxisomes. 
E)  centrosomes.

Question 2

The type of microscope that magnifies an object up to 100 million times is a

Accepted Answer

A)  compound light microscope. 
B)  stereoscope. 
C)  transmission electron microscope. 
D)  scanning electron microscope. 
E)  scanning tunneling microscope. 
A)  compound light microscope. 
B)  stereoscope. 
C)  transmission electron microscope. 
D)  scanning electron microscope. 
E)  scanning tunneling microscope.

Question 3

Glycolysis

Accepted Answer

A)  occurs in the mitochondria. 
B)  happens to glucose only. 
C)  results in the production of pyruvate. 
D)  occurs in the cytoplasm. 
E)  occurs in the cytoplasm and results in the production of pyruvate. 
A)  occurs in the mitochondria. 
B)  happens to glucose only. 
C)  results in the production of pyruvate. 
D)  occurs in the cytoplasm. 
E)  occurs in the cytoplasm and results in the production of pyruvate.

Question 4

A red blood cell will swell and burst when placed in which of the following kinds of solution?

Accepted Answer

A)  hypotonic 
B)  hypertonic 
C)  isotonic 
D)  hydrophobic. 
E)  hyperbaric. 
A)  hypotonic 
B)  hypertonic 
C)  isotonic 
D)  hydrophobic. 
E)  hyperbaric.

Question 5

Cellular respiration starts in the cytoplasm with the process of

Accepted Answer

A)  glycogenolysis. 
B)  gluconeogenesis. 
C)  glycolysis. 
D)  the Krebs cycle. 
E)  the Citric Acid cycle. 
A)  glycogenolysis. 
B)  gluconeogenesis. 
C)  glycolysis. 
D)  the Krebs cycle. 
E)  the Citric Acid cycle.

Question 6

Chromatin describes

Accepted Answer

A)  only DNA. 
B)  DNA and RNA. 
C)  RNA only. 
D)  DNA and associated proteins. 
E)  proteins only in the nucleus. 
A)  only DNA. 
B)  DNA and RNA. 
C)  RNA only. 
D)  DNA and associated proteins. 
E)  proteins only in the nucleus.

Question 7

The organelle that is compared to a whip is a

Accepted Answer

A)  microfilament. 
B)  basal body. 
C)  microvillus. 
D)  flagellum. 
E)  microtubule. 
A)  microfilament. 
B)  basal body. 
C)  microvillus. 
D)  flagellum. 
E)  microtubule.

Question 8

Any substance that forms between the beginning and end of a metabolic pathway is a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  reactant. 
B)  end product. 
C)  substrate. 
D)  intermediate. 
E)  chemical. 
A)  reactant. 
B)  end product. 
C)  substrate. 
D)  intermediate. 
E)  chemical.

Question 9

Binge drinking can cause damage to the

Accepted Answer

A)  liver and pancreas. 
B)  stomach and brain. 
C)  heart and kidneys. 
D)  liver and heart. 
E)  liver and kidneys. 
A)  liver and pancreas. 
B)  stomach and brain. 
C)  heart and kidneys. 
D)  liver and heart. 
E)  liver and kidneys.

Question 10

Most of the energy for active transport is provided by

Accepted Answer

A)  glucose. 
B)  sodium. 
C)  calcium. 
D)  ATP. 
E)  ADP. 
A)  glucose. 
B)  sodium. 
C)  calcium. 
D)  ATP. 
E)  ADP.

Question 11

Which of these is the site for protein modification?

Accepted Answer

A)  nucleus 
B)  cytoskeleton 
C)  mitochondria 
D)  rough endoplasmic reticulum 
E)  nucleolus 
A)  nucleus 
B)  cytoskeleton 
C)  mitochondria 
D)  rough endoplasmic reticulum 
E)  nucleolus

Question 12

Threadlike bits of protein attached to the inner surface of the nuclear envelope serve to

Accepted Answer

A)  assist in molecular transport through the membrane. 
B)  help the cell move 
C)  aid in passage of ribosomes out of the nucleus 
D)  anchor DNA molecules to the envelope and keep them organized. 
E)  Stabilize the nuclear envelope. 
A)  assist in molecular transport through the membrane. 
B)  help the cell move 
C)  aid in passage of ribosomes out of the nucleus 
D)  anchor DNA molecules to the envelope and keep them organized. 
E)  Stabilize the nuclear envelope.

Question 13

The smooth endoplasmic reticulum inactivates certain drugs and harmful by-products of metabolism in which organ?

Accepted Answer

A)  the liver 
B)  the pancreas 
C)  the spleen 
D)  the kidneys 
E)  skeletal muscle 
A)  the liver 
B)  the pancreas 
C)  the spleen 
D)  the kidneys 
E)  skeletal muscle

Question 14

A 9+2 array refers to

Accepted Answer

A)  microtubules. 
B)  Golgi bodies. 
C)  ribosomes. 
D)  cilia. 
E)  both microtubules and cilia. 
A)  microtubules. 
B)  Golgi bodies. 
C)  ribosomes. 
D)  cilia. 
E)  both microtubules and cilia.

Question 15

When blood glucose levels decrease (as between meals), what reserves are tapped first?

Accepted Answer

A)  glycogen 
B)  fats 
C)  proteins 
D)  steroids 
E)  amino acids 
A)  glycogen 
B)  fats 
C)  proteins 
D)  steroids 
E)  amino acids

Question 16

The reactions in the mitochondria cannot be completed without an ample supply of

Accepted Answer

A)  carbon dioxide. 
B)  oxygen. 
C)  water. 
D)  hydrogen. 
E)  calcium. 
A)  carbon dioxide. 
B)  oxygen. 
C)  water. 
D)  hydrogen. 
E)  calcium.

Question 17

Mechanisms that move substances across membranes against concentration gradients are

Accepted Answer

A)  calcium ions in the calcium pump. 
B)  membrane pumps. 
C)  ATP molecules. 
D)  passive transport. 
E)  facilitated diffusion. 
A)  calcium ions in the calcium pump. 
B)  membrane pumps. 
C)  ATP molecules. 
D)  passive transport. 
E)  facilitated diffusion.

Question 18

During glycolysis, phosphate groups are transferred to glucose from two ATP molecules. This process is called

Accepted Answer

A)  ionization. 
B)  polymerization. 
C)  phosphorylation. 
D)  dephosphorylation. 
E)  opsonization 
A)  ionization. 
B)  polymerization. 
C)  phosphorylation. 
D)  dephosphorylation. 
E)  opsonization

Question 19

Selecting the Exception Three of the four answers listed below are related by energy requirements. Select the exception.

Accepted Answer

A)  active transport 
B)  endocytosis 
C)  facilitated diffusion 
D)  exocytosis 
A)  active transport 
B)  endocytosis 
C)  facilitated diffusion 
D)  exocytosis

Question 20

The cell membrane of animal cells contains which lipid not seen in plant cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  phospholipid 
B)  glycolipid 
C)  unsaturated fats 
D)  cholesterol 
E)  fatty acids 
A)  phospholipid 
B)  glycolipid 
C)  unsaturated fats 
D)  cholesterol 
E)  fatty acids

Exam 3: Cells and How They Work

New polypeptide chains for proteins are assembled on

The type of microscope that magnifies an object up to 100 million times is a

Glycolysis

A red blood cell will swell and burst when placed in which of the following kinds of solution?

Cellular respiration starts in the cytoplasm with the process of

Chromatin describes

The organelle that is compared to a whip is a

Any substance that forms between the beginning and end of a metabolic pathway is a(n)

Binge drinking can cause damage to the

Most of the energy for active transport is provided by

Which of these is the site for protein modification?

Threadlike bits of protein attached to the inner surface of the nuclear envelope serve to

The smooth endoplasmic reticulum inactivates certain drugs and harmful by-products of metabolism in which organ?

A 9+2 array refers to

When blood glucose levels decrease (as between meals), what reserves are tapped first?

The reactions in the mitochondria cannot be completed without an ample supply of

Mechanisms that move substances across membranes against concentration gradients are

During glycolysis, phosphate groups are transferred to glucose from two ATP molecules. This process is called

Selecting the Exception Three of the four answers listed below are related by energy requirements. Select the exception.

The cell membrane of animal cells contains which lipid not seen in plant cells?

Learning About Human Biology

Chemistry of Life

Tissues, Organs, and Organ Systems

The Skeletal System

The Muscular System

Circulation: the Heart and Blood Vessels

Blood

Immunity and Disease

The Respiratory System

Digestion and Nutrition

The Urinary System

The Nervous System

Sensory Systems

The Endocrine System

Reproductive Systems

Development and Aging

Cell Reproduction

Introduction to Genetics

Chromosomes and Human Genetics

DNA, Genes, and Biotechnology

Genes and Disease: Cancer

Principles of Evolution

Principles of Ecology

Human Impacts on the Biosphere

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