Question 1

Any substance that is part of a metabolic reaction is called a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  reactant. 
B)  end product. 
C)  substrate. 
D)  intermediate. 
E)  ATP pump. 
A)  reactant. 
B)  end product. 
C)  substrate. 
D)  intermediate. 
E)  ATP pump.

Question 2

Every living organism must have

Accepted Answer

A)  at least one cell. 
B)  a nucleus. 
C)  a cell wall. 
D)  mitochondria. 
E)  oxygen. 
A)  at least one cell. 
B)  a nucleus. 
C)  a cell wall. 
D)  mitochondria. 
E)  oxygen.

Question 3

Reactions that link small molecules together into larger ones are

Accepted Answer

A)  anabolic. 
B)  catabolic. 
C)  oxidative. 
D)  reducing. 
E)  ionic. 
A)  anabolic. 
B)  catabolic. 
C)  oxidative. 
D)  reducing. 
E)  ionic.

Question 4

Which substance enters the Krebs cycle?

Accepted Answer

A)  PGAL 
B)  carbon dioxide 
C)  oxygen 
D)  NADH 
E)  acetyl-CoA 
A)  PGAL 
B)  carbon dioxide 
C)  oxygen 
D)  NADH 
E)  acetyl-CoA

Question 5

The method of movement that requires the expenditure of ATP molecules is

Accepted Answer

A)  simple diffusion. 
B)  facilitated diffusion. 
C)  osmosis. 
D)  active transport. 
E)  passive transport. 
A)  simple diffusion. 
B)  facilitated diffusion. 
C)  osmosis. 
D)  active transport. 
E)  passive transport.

Question 6

Energy stored in which of the following molecules is converted by mitochondria to a form usable by the cell?

Accepted Answer

A)  water 
B)  organic compounds 
C)  NAD 
D)  ATP 
E)  carbon dioxide 
A)  water 
B)  organic compounds 
C)  NAD 
D)  ATP 
E)  carbon dioxide

Question 7

Which of these is the localized site for the majority of the DNA in the cell?

Accepted Answer

A)  ribosomes 
B)  Golgi body 
C)  nucleus 
D)  mitochondria 
E)  vesicles 
A)  ribosomes 
B)  Golgi body 
C)  nucleus 
D)  mitochondria 
E)  vesicles

Question 8

Selecting the Exception Four of the five answers listed below are related by their description of enzyme properties. Select the exception.

Accepted Answer

A)  cofactors 
B)  active sites 
C)  reusable 
D)  substrate 
E)  catalyst 
A)  cofactors 
B)  active sites 
C)  reusable 
D)  substrate 
E)  catalyst

Question 9

The energy used to generate most of the ATP formed in aerobic respiration is released when electrons ultimately are passed from NADH to which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  oxygen 
B)  acetyl-CoA 
C)  FADH 
D)  CO2 
E)  NADPH 
A)  oxygen 
B)  acetyl-CoA 
C)  FADH 
D)  CO2 
E)  NADPH

Question 10

These contain enzymes and are the main organelles of intracellular digestion.

Accepted Answer

A)  Golgi bodies 
B)  ribosomes 
C)  mitochondria 
D)  lysosomes 
E)  endoplasmic reticula 
A)  Golgi bodies 
B)  ribosomes 
C)  mitochondria 
D)  lysosomes 
E)  endoplasmic reticula

Question 11

Structural features that spatially organize the interior of the cell are

Accepted Answer

A)  plastids. 
B)  vacuoles. 
C)  microvilli. 
D)  nucleoli. 
E)  microtubules. 
A)  plastids. 
B)  vacuoles. 
C)  microvilli. 
D)  nucleoli. 
E)  microtubules.

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT true of enzyme behavior?

Accepted Answer

A)  Enzyme shape may change during catalysis. 
B)  Enzymes cannot make something happen that would not happen on its own. 
C)  All enzymes have an active site where substrates are temporarily bound. 
D)  Each enzyme can catalyze a wide variety of different reactions. 
E)  Enzymes speed up reactions. 
A)  Enzyme shape may change during catalysis. 
B)  Enzymes cannot make something happen that would not happen on its own. 
C)  All enzymes have an active site where substrates are temporarily bound. 
D)  Each enzyme can catalyze a wide variety of different reactions. 
E)  Enzymes speed up reactions.

Question 13

Proteins that span both layers of the nuclear envelope function as

Accepted Answer

A)  receptors. 
B)  transporters. 
C)  pores. 
D)  both receptors and pores. 
E)  receptors, transporters, and pores. 
A)  receptors. 
B)  transporters. 
C)  pores. 
D)  both receptors and pores. 
E)  receptors, transporters, and pores.

Question 14

The proteins of the cell membrane are

Accepted Answer

A)  enzymes. 
B)  channels through the membrane. 
C)  transporters that move substances across the membrane. 
D)  receptors. 
E)  all of these. 
A)  enzymes. 
B)  channels through the membrane. 
C)  transporters that move substances across the membrane. 
D)  receptors. 
E)  all of these.

Question 15

In ATP production, "assembly line" chains of reactions capture and use energy released by electrons. These chains are called a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  glycolytic pathway. 
B)  free radical acceptor. 
C)  active transport system. 
D)  electron transport system. 
E)  antioxidant. 
A)  glycolytic pathway. 
B)  free radical acceptor. 
C)  active transport system. 
D)  electron transport system. 
E)  antioxidant.

Question 16

The organelle that resembles a "stack of pancakes" is the

Accepted Answer

A)  ribosome. 
B)  lysosome. 
C)  nucleolus. 
D)  Golgi body. 
E)  peroxisome. 
A)  ribosome. 
B)  lysosome. 
C)  nucleolus. 
D)  Golgi body. 
E)  peroxisome.

Question 17

An enzyme and its substrate interact at a surface crevice on the enzyme called a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  receptor site. 
B)  active site. 
C)  transition point. 
D)  target site. 
E)  contact point. 
A)  receptor site. 
B)  active site. 
C)  transition point. 
D)  target site. 
E)  contact point.

Question 18

The cells of sprinters' muscles often use which process to form ATP?

Accepted Answer

A)  aerobic respiration 
B)  lactate fermentation 
C)  pyruvate fermentation 
D)  oxidative phosphorylation 
E)  gluconeogenesis 
A)  aerobic respiration 
B)  lactate fermentation 
C)  pyruvate fermentation 
D)  oxidative phosphorylation 
E)  gluconeogenesis

Question 19

The type of microscope that directs a beam of electrons back and forth across a specimen thinly coated with metal is a

Accepted Answer

A)  compound light microscope. 
B)  stereoscope. 
C)  transmission electron microscope. 
D)  scanning electron microscope. 
E)  scanning tunneling microscope. 
A)  compound light microscope. 
B)  stereoscope. 
C)  transmission electron microscope. 
D)  scanning electron microscope. 
E)  scanning tunneling microscope.

Question 20

These are responsible for cell shape, internal organization, and movements.

Accepted Answer

A)  ribosomes 
B)  cytoskeleton 
C)  vesicles 
D)  Golgi bodies 
E)  endoplasmic reticulum 
A)  ribosomes 
B)  cytoskeleton 
C)  vesicles 
D)  Golgi bodies 
E)  endoplasmic reticulum

Exam 3: Cells and How They Work

Any substance that is part of a metabolic reaction is called a(n)

Every living organism must have

Reactions that link small molecules together into larger ones are

Which substance enters the Krebs cycle?

The method of movement that requires the expenditure of ATP molecules is

Energy stored in which of the following molecules is converted by mitochondria to a form usable by the cell?

Which of these is the localized site for the majority of the DNA in the cell?

Selecting the Exception Four of the five answers listed below are related by their description of enzyme properties. Select the exception.

The energy used to generate most of the ATP formed in aerobic respiration is released when electrons ultimately are passed from NADH to which of the following?

These contain enzymes and are the main organelles of intracellular digestion.

Structural features that spatially organize the interior of the cell are

Which of the following is NOT true of enzyme behavior?

Proteins that span both layers of the nuclear envelope function as

The proteins of the cell membrane are

In ATP production, "assembly line" chains of reactions capture and use energy released by electrons. These chains are called a(n)

The organelle that resembles a "stack of pancakes" is the

An enzyme and its substrate interact at a surface crevice on the enzyme called a(n)

The cells of sprinters' muscles often use which process to form ATP?

The type of microscope that directs a beam of electrons back and forth across a specimen thinly coated with metal is a

These are responsible for cell shape, internal organization, and movements.

Learning About Human Biology

Chemistry of Life

Tissues, Organs, and Organ Systems

The Skeletal System

The Muscular System

Circulation: the Heart and Blood Vessels

Blood

Immunity and Disease

The Respiratory System

Digestion and Nutrition

The Urinary System

The Nervous System

Sensory Systems

The Endocrine System

Reproductive Systems

Development and Aging

Cell Reproduction

Introduction to Genetics

Chromosomes and Human Genetics

DNA, Genes, and Biotechnology

Genes and Disease: Cancer

Principles of Evolution

Principles of Ecology

Human Impacts on the Biosphere

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