Question 1

Consequences of cirrhosis include all of the following except:

Accepted Answer

A) esophageal varices. 
B) portal hypertension. 
C) ascites. 
D) disorientation. 
A) esophageal varices. 
B) portal hypertension. 
C) ascites. 
D) disorientation.

Question 2

Case Study 
Gestational Diabetes: Maria Hinojosa is a 24-year-old Hispanic woman who is in the 26th week of her second pregnancy.She is 5'5" tall and weighs 182 pounds.Maria's first baby weighed 9 lb.10 oz.Her family history reveals that her father has type 2 diabetes.After a routine screening for gestational diabetes, Maria was diagnosed with the disease and referred to a registered dietitian for nutrition counseling.
-Hepatomegaly refers to a surgical puncture of a body cavity with an aspirator to draw out excess fluid.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Most often, gallstones cause symptoms and require medical intervention.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Case Study 
Gestational Diabetes: Maria Hinojosa is a 24-year-old Hispanic woman who is in the 26th week of her second pregnancy.She is 5'5" tall and weighs 182 pounds.Maria's first baby weighed 9 lb.10 oz.Her family history reveals that her father has type 2 diabetes.After a routine screening for gestational diabetes, Maria was diagnosed with the disease and referred to a registered dietitian for nutrition counseling.
-Rapid weight loss aids in the recovery from liver disease.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Cholelithiasis affects about _____ percent of the population.

Accepted Answer

A) 1 
B) 12 
C) 25 
D) 38 
A) 1 
B) 12 
C) 25 
D) 38

Question 6

triglycerides accumulate in the liver, the liver:

Accepted Answer

A) becomes smaller. 
B) turns into scar tissue. 
C) becomes inflamed. 
D) enlarges. 
A) becomes smaller. 
B) turns into scar tissue. 
C) becomes inflamed. 
D) enlarges.

Question 7

most appropriate dietary intervention for a malnourished person with hepatitis is:

Accepted Answer

A) a low-protein diet 
B) adequate energy and protein. 
C) a tube feeding. 
D) fluid and electrolyte replacement. 
A) a low-protein diet 
B) adequate energy and protein. 
C) a tube feeding. 
D) fluid and electrolyte replacement.

Question 8

Fat should be restricted in the diet of all patients with cirrhosis.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Protein needs for the patient with cirrhosis who does not show signs of impending coma are calculated based on:

Accepted Answer

A) 0.5-1.0 grams/kg. 
B) 0.8-1.2 grams/kg. 
C) 1.5-2.0 grams/kg. 
D) 2.0-2.5 grams/kg. 
A) 0.5-1.0 grams/kg. 
B) 0.8-1.2 grams/kg. 
C) 1.5-2.0 grams/kg. 
D) 2.0-2.5 grams/kg.

Question 10

Albumin is not always a good indicator of nutrition status in patients with liver disease because:

Accepted Answer

A) it is often low due to the disease. 
B) it is affected by elevated liver enzymes. 
C) liver disease causes elevated levels of albumin. 
D) ammonia levels affect albumin levels. 
A) it is often low due to the disease. 
B) it is affected by elevated liver enzymes. 
C) liver disease causes elevated levels of albumin. 
D) ammonia levels affect albumin levels.

Question 11

diet of a patient with cirrhosis who has severe steatorrhea may need to be supplemented with all of the following except:

Accepted Answer

A) B vitamins. 
B) calcium. 
C) magnesium. 
D) zinc. 
A) B vitamins. 
B) calcium. 
C) magnesium. 
D) zinc.

Question 12

Case Study 
Cook with Cholelithiasis: Marcia Brown is a 42-year-old Pima Indian who works as a cook in a casino in Arizona.She has just been diagnosed with cholelithiasis.She is 5'4" tall and once weighed 210 pounds.One year ago she underwent gastric bypass surgery and has lost 75 pounds.For several months she had been experiencing episodes of pain in the right upper part of her abdomen.The pain usually began after eating and lasted for several hours.Lately she began to experience nausea and vomiting with the pain and began to run a fever.
-What are Marcia's risk factors for cholelithiasis?

Accepted Answer

Pima Indian, female,

Question 13

Patients with cirrhosis require _____ in order to prevent wasting.

Accepted Answer

A) adequate fluid 
B) adequate kcalories 
C) high-fat diets 
D) six large meals per day 
A) adequate fluid 
B) adequate kcalories 
C) high-fat diets 
D) six large meals per day

Question 14

important consideration in tube feeding a patient with esophageal varices is:

Accepted Answer

A) the location of the feeding tube. 
B) the size of the feeding tube. 
C) the possibility of aspiration. 
D) the rate of the tube feeding. 
A) the location of the feeding tube. 
B) the size of the feeding tube. 
C) the possibility of aspiration. 
D) the rate of the tube feeding.

Question 15

Hepatitis patients should avoid:

Accepted Answer

A) fried foods. 
B) high-protein foods. 
C) excessive intakes of sodium. 
D) alcohol. 
A) fried foods. 
B) high-protein foods. 
C) excessive intakes of sodium. 
D) alcohol.

Question 16

Describe the possible causes of hepatic encephalopathy.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe the possible causes of hepatic encephalopathy....

Question 17

Describe appropriate nutrition intervention before and after a liver transplant.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe appropriate nutrition intervention before and after...

Question 18

patient is admitted to the hospital with decreased albumin, elevated alkaline phosphatase, and elevated bilirubin.The nurse recognizes these clinical findings as evidence of:

Accepted Answer

A) portal hypertension. 
B) liver disease. 
C) esophageal varices. 
D) hepatic coma. 
A) portal hypertension. 
B) liver disease. 
C) esophageal varices. 
D) hepatic coma.

Question 19

is a 52-year-old construction worker who was recently diagnosed with cirrhosis.The dietitian estimates his RMR to be 2145 kcalories per day.With the added stress of cirrhosis, his kcalorie needs would increase to a minimum of _____ kcal.

Accepted Answer

A) 2574 
B) 1716 
C) 2145 
D) 2789 
A) 2574 
B) 1716 
C) 2145 
D) 2789

Question 20

Cirrhosis patients frequently develop insulin resistance and consequently must follow a diet that is:

Accepted Answer

A) consistent in carbohydrate content. 
B) low in fiber. 
C) consistent in vitamin K intake. 
D) low in sodium. 
A) consistent in carbohydrate content. 
B) low in fiber. 
C) consistent in vitamin K intake. 
D) low in sodium.

Exam 20: Nutrition Therapy for Liver and Gallbladder Diseases

Consequences of cirrhosis include all of the following except:

Most often, gallstones cause symptoms and require medical intervention.

Cholelithiasis affects about _____ percent of the population.

triglycerides accumulate in the liver, the liver:

most appropriate dietary intervention for a malnourished person with hepatitis is:

Fat should be restricted in the diet of all patients with cirrhosis.

Protein needs for the patient with cirrhosis who does not show signs of impending coma are calculated based on:

Albumin is not always a good indicator of nutrition status in patients with liver disease because:

diet of a patient with cirrhosis who has severe steatorrhea may need to be supplemented with all of the following except:

Patients with cirrhosis require _____ in order to prevent wasting.

important consideration in tube feeding a patient with esophageal varices is:

Hepatitis patients should avoid:

Describe the possible causes of hepatic encephalopathy.

Describe appropriate nutrition intervention before and after a liver transplant.

patient is admitted to the hospital with decreased albumin, elevated alkaline phosphatase, and elevated bilirubin.The nurse recognizes these clinical findings as evidence of:

is a 52-year-old construction worker who was recently diagnosed with cirrhosis.The dietitian estimates his RMR to be 2145 kcalories per day.With the added stress of cirrhosis, his kcalorie needs would increase to a minimum of _____ kcal.

Cirrhosis patients frequently develop insulin resistance and consequently must follow a diet that is:

Overview of Nutrition and Health

Carbohydrates

Lipids

Protein

Digestion and Absorption

Metabolism, Energy Balance, and Body Composition

Weight Management: Overweight and Underweight

The Vitamins

Water and the Minerals

Fitness and Nutrition

Nutrition Through the Life Span: Pregnancy and Lactation

Nutrition Through the Life Span: Infancy, Childhood, and Adolescence

Nutrition Through the Life Span: Later Adulthood

Illness and Nutrition Care

Medications, Diet-Drug Interactions, and Herbal Supplements

Specialized Nutrition Support: Enteral and Parenteral Nutrition

Foods and Food Consistency for Upper Gi Disorders

Fiber-Modified Diets for Lower Gastrointestinal Tract Disorders

Carbohydrate- and Fat-Modified Diets for Malabsorption Disorders

Carbohydrate-Controlled Diets for Diabetes Mellitus

Fat-Controlled, Mineral-Modified Diets for Cardiovascular Diseases

Protein-, Mineral-, and Fluid-Modified Diets for Kidney Diseases

Energy- and Protein-Modified Diets for Metabolic and Respiratory Stress

Energy- and Protein-Modified Diets for Cancer and Hiv Infection

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